果树

• Effects of Nitric Oxide on Lateral Root Formation Induced by IBA in Malus hupehensis Rehd. Seedlings
• GAO Huajun;YANG Hongqiang;;and ZHANG Wei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 157-162.
• Abstract ( 2186 ) HTML ( 1842 ) PDF (614KB) ( 1842 ) 　　　
• Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule in plants and auxin is the main hormone regulating root development. Effects of exogenous NO on lateral root (LR) formation as well as indole butyric acid (IBA) on root endogenous NO production in Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings were studied. The results showed that application of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) induced LR development in a dose-dependent manner. SNP concentrations of 10 μmol/L and 50 μmol/L were the most effective in promoting LR elongation and emergence, respectively. Two peaks of endogenous NO production in roots were observed from 15 min to 30 min and from 48 h to 96 h after 100 μmol/L IBA treatment. Coinciding with endogenous NO production, lateral root primordium (LRP) also increased greatly at 96 h after IBA application. Additionally, Quercetin (a protein kinase inhibitor) inhibited IBA-induced NO production in roots greatly. The roles of NO in IBA-induced LR production were discussed.
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• Effects of Salicylic Acid on Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism in Malus robusta Rehd. under Root-zone Hypoxia Stress
• BAI Tuan-hui;MA Feng-wang;<SPAN lang=EN-US style=
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 163-168.
• Abstract ( 1918 ) HTML ( 1832 ) PDF (614KB) ( 1832 ) 　　　
• By means of a system of nutrient solution culture, an apple rootstock, Malus robusta Rehd. was used to study effects of foliar application of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) on reactive oxygen species metabolism under root-zone hypoxia stress. The results showed that the content of malonaldehyde(MDA), superoxide radical(O2), hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)and glutathione (GSH) and activities of antioxidant enzymes under root-zone hypoxia stress were higher than the control, however, the level of ascorbic acid (AsA) were decreased. Exogenous SA significantly decreased the content of O2, MDA and GSH, increased the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD), ascorbate peroxidase(APX)and glutathione reductase (GR)under hypoxia stress. It was proposed that exogenous SA as a chemical activator could induce resistance, reduce production of reactive oxygen species, raise the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes, and decrease the membrane lipid peroxidation, therefore it alleviated the damage degree of hypoxia stress of Malus robusta Rehd.
  
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• Effects of Waterlogging on Respiration and Glycolytic End Products in Roots of Sweet Cherry
• CHEN Qiang;GUO Xiu-wu;HU Yan-li;MAO Zhi-quan;;HAO Yun-hong;ZHANG Yu-shuai;and WANG Yuan-zheng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 169-174.
• Abstract ( 2745 ) HTML ( 1589 ) PDF (578KB) ( 1589 ) 　　　

• Changes of respiratory rate and glycolytic end products in brown lignified roots of sweet cherry, Meizao/Dongbei Shanyingtao(Prunus serrulata G.Don) and Meizao/Mahaleb(P. mahaleb L.), were studied under waterlogging conditions. The results indicated that root respiratory rate of two kinds of rootstocks, Dongbei Shanyingtao and Mahaleb, decreased gradually, and dropped to 73.86％and 80.71％, respectively, after treatment for 120 h. Content of acetaldehyde and ethanol increased obviously. The acetaldehyde content of Mahaleb was higher than that of Dongbei Shanyingtao, while the ethanol content was lower. The pyruvate content of Dongbei Shanyingtao increased initially and then decreased, but that of Mahaleb didn't change much. The content of lactate and succinate in roots of the two kinds of rootstocks increased at first and then decreased, and Dongbei Shanyingtao peaked earlier and higher than Mahaleb. The malate content of Dongbei Shanyingtao more than Mahaleb. The alanine content increased and Mahaleb was higher than that of Dongbei Shanyingtao. Content of aspatate and glutamate decreased obviously and that of Meizao/Mahaleb decreased more. The proline content increased at first and then decreased, and Mahaleb reached the maximum later and proline content was much higher that of Dongbei Shanyingtao. These results suggested that the response of the two kinds of sweet cherry rootstocks to waterlogging was different. Since its respiratory rate decreased more rapidly, and intracellular alkalization ability was lower, Dongbei Shanyingtao is more sentitive to waterlogging than Mahaleb.
  

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• Comparative Antioxidant Activities of Manilkara zapodilla, Chrysophyllum cainto and Pouteria sapota
• LI An-ping;XIE Bi-xia;WANG Sheng;and ZHONG Qiu-ping
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 175-180.
• Abstract ( 2872 ) HTML ( 2307 ) PDF (623KB) ( 2307 ) 　　　
• The functional compositions and the antioxidant activities of M.zapodilla, Chrysophyllum cainto and Pouteria sapota were measured. The results showed that three naseberry fruits contain reducing sugar, total dietary fiber, polyphenol, total ascorbic acid and vitamin E, all of which have antioxidant properties. The extracted antioxidants could screen the ·OH, DPPH· and ABTS?+ effectively. The decreased orders of scavenging effects of the extracts on ·OH were M.zapodilla, P.sapota and C.cainto, and on DPPH· and ABTS?+ were M. zapodilla, C.cainto and P. sapota respectively.
  
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• Gene Cloning，Expression and Enzyme Activity Assay of a Cytosolic Malate Dehydrogenase from Apple Fruits
• YAO Yu-xin;HAO Yu-jin;LI Ming;PANG Ming-li;LIU Zhi;and ZHAI Heng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 181-188.
• Abstract ( 2689 ) HTML ( 3256 ) PDF (1000KB) ( 3256 ) 　　　
• Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) ubiquitously exists in animals, plants and microoganisms, and catalyzes the interconversion from oxaloacetate to malate. Cytosolic NAD-dependent MDH gene (cyMDH) encodes a key enzyme crucial for malic acid synthesis in the cytosol, which has not been extensively characterized in plants. In this study, a full-length cDNA of cyMDH was isolated from apple fruits with RT-PCR as well as 3′ and 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and designated as Mal-cyMDH (GeneBank accession No. DQ221207). It contained a 996-bp ORF and sequence analysis showed a high similarity to other plant cyMDHs. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that almost all the cyMDHs could be clustered into the same group and it was likely to represent the original MDH. An about 37-kD fused protein was obtained by the recombinant prokaryotic expression and its enzyme activity assay showed that it mainly catalyzed oxaloacetate to malate. It was also discovered that the enzyme activity of cyMDH exhibited remarkably difference between the high- and low-acid apple germplasm.
  
  
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• Studies of Site Direct Mutagenesis of MxIRT1 Gene of Malus xiaojinensis
• ZHANG Xue-ning;KONG Jin;WANG Yi;HAN Zhen-hai;and XU Xue-feng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 189-194.
• Abstract ( 2123 ) HTML ( 1694 ) PDF (636KB) ( 1694 ) 　　　

• PCR were applied for point mutagenesis of MxIRT1 gene. Two pairs of primers were designed according to the Opening Read Frame (ORF) and sequence for mutation of MxIRT1. Two fragments overlapping at the target mutated base were amplified by PCR. The fragments were amplified after dilution with the primers designed with the two ends of ORF, and the two mutated fragments were stringed together. The annealing temperature and extension time were optimized for successful amplification. The mutated MxIRT1 were ligated into pEASY-T2. Sequencing result showed that we mutated MxIRT1 successfully. DNA recollection and purification were not necessary for this experiment. We establish an efficient, simple gene mutagenesis system.
  

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• Screening of the AFLP Markers Associated to the Sex Locus of Vitis amurensis Rupr. and its Conversion to SCAR Marker
• TANG Mei-ling;KONG Jin;XU Xue-feng;SHEN Yu-jie;WANG Yi;LI Tian-zhong;and HAN Zhen-hai﹡
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 195-200.
• Abstract ( 2257 ) HTML ( 1909 ) PDF (613KB) ( 1909 ) 　　　
• Due to its resistant characters to cold, insect and disease, Vitis amurensis Rupr. is one of the most important germplasm resource in grape breeding. It has male, female and hermaphrodite phenotype, but only hermaphrodite is suitable for commercial production. AFLP（amplifled fragment length polymorphism) was applied to identify markers associated with Vitis amurensis Rupr. sex type. By application of 64 markers in the screening, E-AGC/M-CTG was found to amplify a specific 283bp fragment in male and hermaphrodite pool. According to its sequencing result, SCAR (Sequence Characterized Amplified Region) primers were designed, and the primers gave the expected band in 97.6% of the tested 85 cultivars of Vitis amurensis Rupr.. It suggests that the SCAR marker will be useful in the seedling stage marker-assistant selection for breeding with the resistant Vitis amurensis Rupr.
  
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蔬菜

• Genetic Analysis and Developmental Speciality of Sensory Quality Traits in Vegetable Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill]
• ZHAO Jin-ming;WANG Can;ZHANG Yu-mei;ZHAI Hong-hong;GAI Jun-yi;and XING Han
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 201-206.
• Abstract ( 1643 ) HTML ( 1393 ) PDF (316KB) ( 1393 ) 　　　
• Abstract：Three vegetable soybean cultivars, NAU95C-7, NAU99-10 and NAU95C-15, were used to study the developmental process of pod and seed qualities. The results showed as follows: The changes of pod form, such as length, width and thickness, with the days after flowering were well fitted with 'S' curve; the accumulations of 100-seed fresh mass and soluble sugar content with the days after flowering were well fitted with cubic equation; the suitable pod-picking period was suggested as during later-term R6 to former-term R7 on the basis of yield and quality. Then, with the major gene plus polygene model of quantitative traits, a joint analysis of multi-generations from the cross between NAU95C-7 and NAU95C-15 was carried out to investigate the inheritance of the soluble sugar and starch content. The results showed that the inheritance of two characters fitted two major genes plus polygene model. Heritability values of the major genes of F2 population were estimated as 85.8%，77.4% respectively, while those polygene were 12.3%, 12.7% respectively.
  
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• A Study on Obtaining and Identifying Chinese Cabbage-Cabbage Addition Lines
• LIU Wei;SHEN Shu-xing;WANG Yan-hua;ZHANG Cheng-he;XUAN Shu-xin;CHEN Xue-ping;LI Xiao-feng;and LUO Shuang-xia
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 207-212.
• Abstract ( 1911 ) HTML ( 1816 ) PDF (597KB) ( 1816 ) 　　　
• Alien addition lines were the important materials invariety improvement and genome research. In this study, two mosomic addition lines named CO-7-1(Chinese cabbage with 7号 chromosome from cabbage) and CO-9-2 (Chinese cabbage with 9号 chromosome from cabbage) from the progenies of AAC×AA were obtained by cytology identification. The transmitting rates of alien chromosome were 35.3% and 20.0% from the progenies of CO-7-1 and CO-9-2 self-cross. The ratio of disomic addition lines CO-7-1D from the progenies of CO-7-1 self-cross was 11.8%. The obtained alien addition lines would be used to analyzing the genetic relationship between Chinese cabbage and cabbage, and synthesizing their translocation lines and substitution lines.
  
  
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• CompleteSequence Analysis of Cucumber mosaic virus CTL Isolate
• ZENG Rong;CHEN Yan-fei;YAN Shi-jie;LI Ding-jun;and CHEN Ji-shuang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 213-220.
• Abstract ( 2255 ) HTML ( 1564 ) PDF (401KB) ( 1564 ) 　　　
• Isolate CMV-CTL was obtained from Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. commuis Tsen et Lee.，Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The full-length cDNA sequence of genomic RNAs of the isolate was determined by RT-PCR and sequencing. The results show that CMV-CTL RNA1 (GenBank accession No. EF213023) consists of 3357 nucleotides (nt), encoding 1a protein of 993 amino acids residues (aa). RNA2 (GenBank accession No. EF213024) consists of 3047 nt, encoding 2a protein of 858 aa and 2b protein of 111 aa. RNA3 (GenBank accession No. EF213025) contains 2217 nt, encoding 3a protein of 278 aa and CP of 218 aa. CMV-CTL shows the highest sequence identities with strain IA which belongs to CMV subgroup IB. The sequence identities of RNA1, RNA2 and RNA3 between CTL and IA strain are 91.3%, 91.3% and 93.6%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of CP and 5' NTR of RNA3 suggests that CMV-CTL belongs to CMV subgroup IB.
  
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• Studies of Mechanism of Systemic Resistance in Cucmber Induced by Pseudomonas syringae pv．1achryrnas
• SHI Yan-xia;Zhang Nan;and LI Bao-ju
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 221-226.
• Abstract ( 1831 ) HTML ( 1680 ) PDF (546KB) ( 1680 ) 　　　
• Systemic resistance of cucumber can be evoked when only one of the leaves inoculated by Pseudomonas syringae pv．1achryrnas, and the effect of protection is related with induced intervals, interval 24，48h has better effect. After induced inoculating , the content or activity of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Superoxide anion (NO2-), lipoxygenase (LOX) in inoculated leaf and it's upper，lower leaves (non-induced leaves) were much higher than control. Meanwhile, the content of salicylic acid increase obviously.
  
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• Tissue Specificity Analysis of Virus-induced Gene Silencing in Tomato
• YANG Ying-wu;LI Zheng-guo;and BOUZAYEN Mondher
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 227-232.
• Abstract ( 2180 ) HTML ( 1620 ) PDF (1642KB) ( 1620 ) 　　　

• Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a recently developed technique for gene function studies in plants. In this study, the gusA transgenic tomato plant which constitutively expressed gusA gene was used as material. The gusA gene was silenced by VIGS for the preliminary tissue specificity analysis of VIGS in tomato. The results showed that gusA could be silenced in leafs, flowers, fruits, branches, stems and the points between branch and stem of tomato by virus-induced gene silencing. So VIGS as a powerful tool for the study of gene function could induce target gene systematic silencing in tomato.
  

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• Changes in the Cell Ultrastructure and Calcium Distribution During Tomato Pedicel Abscission
• XU Tao;LI Tian-lai;QI Ming-fang;and CHEN Wei-zhi
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 233-238.
• Abstract ( 2432 ) HTML ( 1649 ) PDF (1642KB) ( 1649 ) 　　　

• Studies on the cell ultrastructure and calcium distribution during tomato pedicel abscission by using scanning electron microscopy and antimoniate precipitate calcium electromicroscopic cytochemical methods. Those enabled us to document that the abscission was initialed in cortex and cellule around vascular bundle in which appearance two inconsecutive cell interspaces, later the cell interspaces of vascular bundle forming consecutive separation parts gradually. As the abscission procession, separation parts were extended to middle of abscission plate, then vascular bundle ruptured, and the marrow tissue and outer epidermis separated latest .Ca2+ location analysis showed that before abscission calcium iron mainly concentrated within vascular and vacuole, cell wall and cell membrane of cortex and marrow. After abscission there was mass calcium deposition in vascular bundle, when marrow separated, calcium grain mainly in degraded cell wall and intercellular space, little detected in cytoplasm. In abscission there were great difference of calcium location and contents between cortex, vascular and marrow which would be mainly caused for different separation procession of the abscission zone tissue.
  

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观赏植物

• Evaluation on Ornamental Characterstics and Selection for Promising Species and Varieties of Chirita and Chiritopsis Plants in Guangxi
• WEN Fang;ZHANG Qi-xiang﹡;and WANG Yue
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 239-250.
• Abstract ( 1994 ) HTML ( 2380 ) PDF (462KB) ( 2380 ) 　　　

• Based on the observation of species in Chirita and Chiritopsis which were collected from Guangxi Karst hills and areas in the neighborhood, we had analysed and evaluated according to their ornamental characterstics. Twenty nine species and three varieties were screened out from 60 species and 4 varieties in two genuses because of their higher ornamental promising and value.
  

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• Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics between Potted and Field Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.
• ZHAI Min;LI Yong-hua;and YANG Qiu-sheng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 251-256.
• Abstract ( 2253 ) HTML ( 1904 ) PDF (519KB) ( 1904 ) 　　　
• Variation of Photosynthetic characteristics of Dafengling stage (before blooming period) and leaf-expansion stage (after blooming period) of potted and field Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.cv. 'Luoyanghong' were comparatively studied with LI-6400 portable photosynthetic analysis system, the effects of different cultivated method on photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. was illustrated. The results were as follows: the light saturation point(LSP) and light compensation point(LCP) of leaves of potted peony were about 923 and 109 μmol﹒m-2﹒s-1 respectively, and the apparent quantum yield(AQY) was 0.0173 at Dafengling stage, while the LSP and LCP of leaves of field peony were about 1 089 and 45 μmol﹒m-2﹒s-1 respectively, and the AQY was 0.0206 in the same time. Diurnal variation of net photosynthesis rate (Pn) in leaves of potted and field peony appeared "single-peak" curve in the two periods which occurring at about 10:00, and decreased by 32.8﹪ and 39.3﹪compared with those of field peony, respectively. Seasonal variation of Pn showed that potted and field peony had the highest Pn in April which were 7.16 and 10.02 μmol﹒m-2﹒s-1 respectively and the lowest Pn in September.The chlorophyll contents had 15.6﹪ decline in Dafengling stage and 20.4﹪ decline in leaf-expansion stage compared with the peony in field. Lower Pn in potted peony might be one of the main reasons leading to bad growth.
  
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• Compatibility of Interspecific Cross in Dendranthema Genus
• LI Xin-lei;;CHEN Fa-di;and ZHAO Hong-bo
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 257-262.
• Abstract ( 1951 ) HTML ( 2406 ) PDF (527KB) ( 2406 ) 　　　

• The interspecific cross was attempted between different species/cultivars of different ploidy in Dendranthema genus. The compatible index were calculated in different interspecific crosses. In addition, pollen adhesion, pollen germination, pollen tube growth, fertilization and ovary development were observed under fluoroscope. The results showed that seed-set was easily obtained from interspecific cross between the species of same ploidy or those between the tetraploid and hexaploid. However, few seed-set was obtained from the interpecifc cross between diploid and tetrapoliod or hexaploid species, i.e., incompatibility was observed. The incompatibility of interspecific cross was characterized by low pollen adhesion, low pollen germination rate, abnormal pollen tube hampered extension on the stigma, calloses deposit on the stigma and collapsed ovary.
  
  

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• Effects of Ca²⁺ on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities During Rooting of Chrysanthemum Cuttings
• ZHENG Cheng-shu;WANG Wen-li;SUN Xian-zhi;LIANG Fang;and ZHANG Cui-hua
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 263-268.
• Abstract ( 2068 ) HTML ( 1568 ) PDF (535KB) ( 1568 ) 　　　

• Effects of Ca(NO₃)₂ under different concentrations on rooting and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the leaves of cuttings of Dendrandema grandiflora 'Wangsheng' were studied. The results showed that the root number was the highest in 60 mg·L^-1 Ca²⁺ treated cuttings with significant increase in fresh and dry weights of the cuttings compared to the controls. But root number, fresh and dry mass and rooting rates decreased at 80 mg·L^-1 Ca²⁺. In 60 mg·L^-1 Ca²⁺ treated plants, the activities of SOD, POD, CAT and APX increased and MDA content decreased significantly compared with other plants. These results indicated that Ca²⁺ treatments at proper dosage might enhance rooting of cuttings by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing membrane lipid peroxidation during rooting in the cuttings of D. grandiflora.
  

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• Studies on Fertilization Effect and Fertilizer Formula Screen for Calenduld officinalis L.
• Jiang Zhi-ping;Lu Jian-wei;Li Wen-xi;and Zou Juan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 269-276.
• Abstract ( 1767 ) HTML ( 1737 ) PDF (1068KB) ( 1737 ) 　　　

• Effect of N, P and K fertilization on Calenduld officinalis L. growth and suitable fertilizer formula of NPK nutrients ratio for the flower was carried out through pot experiment with "3414" incomplete regression-orthogonal design. Our results showed that the N and P played important role in vegetative and reproductive growth. The effect of K was mainly reflected in late growth stage. There is a obvious positive interactions of N and P. Regarding total flowers, functional leavers, plant height and dry weight as the target, it was showed that the recommended fertilizer amount of N, P₂O₅ and K₂O for pot application were 0.4, 0.2 and 0.3 g·kg^-1 (each pot filled with 2 kg substrate) .
  

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研究简报

• Genetic Diversity of Mineral Elements, Sugar and Acid Components in Malus sieversii
• ZHANG Xiao-yan;CHEN Xue-sen;PENG Yong;WANG Hai-bo;SHI Jun;and ZHANG Hong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 277-280.
• Abstract ( 2010 ) HTML ( 1671 ) PDF (244KB) ( 1671 ) 　　　

• Content of mineral elements, sugar and acid components of fruits in 2 intraspecific populations(Gongliu and Xinyuan County in Ily State) of M.sieversii from 88 seedlings were studied, as well as their contents comparison to 3 M.domestica cultivars (Fuji, Golden delicious, Starimson).The results indicated that variation coefficients of mineral elements(Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn), sugar components(fructose, glucose, sucrose) and malate in M.sieversii seedlings were more than 23%, which revealed rich genetic diversity. The content of Ca in M.sieversii was 3.1 times of that in M.domestica and the sugar composition in M.sieversii was significantly different to that in M.domestica.
  

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• Application of AFLP Analysis in Origin of Malus xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang
• SHI Sheng-you;Cheng Ming-hao;HU Yu-lin;GUO Qi-gao;LIANG Guo-lu;and ZHOU Zhi-qin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 281-284.
• Abstract ( 2074 ) HTML ( 1504 ) PDF (357KB) ( 1504 ) 　　　

• This study analyzed Malus xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang, apple trees were similar to Malus xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang differentiated from M. toringoides Hughes, M. toringoides Hughes×M. kansuensis Rehd, M. kansuensis Rehd, M. toringoides Hughes by AFLP to explore the origin of M.xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang. There were high degree of genetic identity among M.xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang, apple trees were similar to M. xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang differentiated from M. toringoides Hughes and M. toringoides Hughes×M. kansuensis Rehd, and their genetic similar coefficient were from 0.977 to 0.986. M. xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang, meanwhile there were 98.08% bands of M. xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang were from M. kansuensis Rehd and M. toringoides Hughes. The results showed that M. kansuensis Rehd and M. toringoides Hughes had close relationship. According to the AFLP analysis and previous researchs, we discussed the origin of M. xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang and proposed that the species may derive from M. toringoides Hughes×M. kansuensis Rehd. Our findings have provided basic research data and important directions for the cultivation and exploitation of the Malus xiaojinensis.
  
  

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• Regeneration of Hexaploid Plants of Cherry Dwarf Rootstock 'Gisela 6' from in vitro Leave Treated with Colchicine
• LIU Qing-zhong;;MA Huai-yu;WEI Hai-rong;AI Cheng-xiang ;ZHANG Li-si ;ZHAO Yan;ROBERT E. Davis;and HAN Zhen-hai;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 285-288.
• Abstract ( 2749 ) HTML ( 1599 ) PDF (394KB) ( 1599 ) 　　　
• An in vitro shoot regeneration technique combined with colchicine application has been employed to produce hexaploid plants from leaf segments of the triploid cherry rootstock Gisela 6 (Prunus ceransus× P.canescens). Leaf segments were treated firstly with colchicine (0~200 mg. L-1) in the liquid modified WPM medium supplemented with auxin (IBA 0.5 mg. L-1) and cytokinin (BA 5.0 mg. L^-1) for five days and then transferred on the same regeneration solid medium with no colchicine for 56 days. In this case, putative hexaploid shoots were only regenerated from the leaf explants in the treatment of 50 mg. L-1 colchicine after 8 weeks on the regeneration medium. Flow cytometry was used for ploidy determination. The hexaploid plants were distinguishable from the triploid on morphological characters. All plants were successfully transplanted into the field and topworked on the sweet cherry trees to evaluate its agronomic traits.
  
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• RAPD Analysis of Thirty-eight Cymbidium ensifolium Cultivars
• HU Wei;HUANG Ru-zhu;PAN Xiao-hua;LI Jin-feng;and SUN Duan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 289-294.
• Abstract ( 2912 ) HTML ( 1614 ) PDF (539KB) ( 1614 ) 　　　

• DNA from thirty-eight Cymbidium ensifolium cultivars was examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the efficiency of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in genetic diversity and genetic relationship. A total of 116 RAPD markers, 88.79% of which were polymorphic, were produced from 18 10mer arbitrary primers. Genetic distances among the cultivars were estimated based on the amount of band sharing and ranged from 0.0420~0.5385 with an average of 0.2902. Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averaging (UPGMA) of genetic distances estimates grouped 'suxin' cultivars and 'caixin' cultivars together with each other, and 'suxin' cultivars diverged from 'caixin' cultivars, thereby agreeing with known traditional classification information. Four cultivars, 'Minxi Yuchen', 'Yuchen Dagong', 'Yuchen' and 'Yinbian Yuchen' could be distinguished from all the rest based only on the S153-650 fragment, and 'Shiliu Luohan' and 'Yuchen' based only on the S38-1 200 fragment. Cultivar 'Ma′er Siji' could be differentiated from all the rest by lack of the S38-800 fragment.
  

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• Cloning and Sequence Analysis of a Flowering-related MADS-box Gene in Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis
• GAO Zhi-min;CHEN Duan-fen;LI Xue-ping;CAI Chunju and PENG Zhen-hua
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 295-300.
• Abstract ( 2034 ) HTML ( 1920 ) PDF (1210KB) ( 1920 ) 　　　

• MADS-box genes play important role in various plant development processes，especially in the development of floral organs．The flowering-related MADS-box gene, named as NTMADS1 (GenBank accession number：EF421828), was cloned from the first strand of N. tazetta var. chinensis cDNA through RT-PCR using primers designed according to the MADS-box gene family conserved region. The fragment was 879 bp long and contained an open reading frame of 693 bp coding a polypeptide of 230 amino acids which had a typical MADS-box domain. Homology analysis showed that the deduced NTMADS1 protein was highly homologous to other MADS-box proteins from different species, especially with Asparagus virgatus to 89%. Phylogenetic tree analysis also indicated that NTMADS1 belongs to AG subfamily.
  

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• Eva lua tion Cr iter ia of Some Botanical Quantitative Characteristics of Wolfberry ( Lycium L. ) Germplasm Resources
• ZHAO J ian-hua;AN Wei;SHI Zhi-gang;JIAO En-ning;LI Hao-xia;and WANG Ya-jun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 301-306.
• Abstract ( 2023 ) HTML ( 1378 ) PDF (146KB) ( 1378 ) 　　　
• quantitative characteristics of 60 wolfberry germplasms were investigated at Wolfberry Genetic Collection in Yinchuan, Ningxia from 1998 to 2006. The characteristics including average quantity of shoot growing, percentage of drop, flower diameter, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, leaf stalk,length, internode length and first inflorescence length were analyzed statistically. The results showed that the coefficients of variation of all quantitative characteristics were above 18% and all frequency distributions were
  in normal distribution. Grade index was given by statistical data for wolf berry description. The grade indexes were recorded on 1 - 5 scales, and the third grade as a middle one occupied the most distribution. In general,one or two reference cultivars for each grade were given, which are planted or used by breeders widely in China.
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新品种

• A New Early-ripening Sweet Nectarine Variety‘Liyou 3’
• YE Wei-qi;CHENG Wen-liang;CHEN Li-geng;ZHONG Han-chun;ZHANG Wei-mei;and LIU Xu-bo
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 307-307.
• Abstract ( 2246 ) HTML ( 1633 ) PDF (398KB) ( 1633 ) 　　　
• ‘Liyou 3’ is a bud mutation selected from Shuguang nectarine.It has some characteristics including early ripening, crack resistance, excellent storage capacity, wide adaptability, high adverse resistance and flavor with enjoyable taste.
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• A New Almond Cultivar 'Jin Almond 4'
• TIAN Jian-bao;WANG Zhan-he;HE Yong;and LIU Li
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 308-308.
• Abstract ( 2045 ) HTML ( 1375 ) PDF (435KB) ( 1375 ) 　　　
• ‘Jin Almond 4’is a selection from the seedlings of an Italian almond cultivar by Pomology Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It has big kernels and good quality; it blooms pretty late and it is productive and resistant to cold, drought, pests and diseases. The cultivar could grow well in the area of Yuan-ping county, and most districts with similar climate condition in China.
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• A New Apricot Cultivar 'Lingnong 2'
• ZOU Yang-jun;MA Feng-wang;LI Jia-rui;FU Xuan-chang;XU Ling-fei;LIANG Dong;and ZHANG Jun-ke
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 309-309.
• Abstract ( 1762 ) HTML ( 1259 ) PDF (92KB) ( 1259 ) 　　　
• 'Lingnong 2' is a new apricot cultivar, which was derived from the cross of Mono×Lanzhoudajie. It has these excellent characteristics such as normal growth, highest bearing rate. The trees are precocious, very productive and high stress-resistant. The flavor is sweet and a bit tart, containing a soluble solids content (SSC) of 15.88% and titratable acidity (TA) of 1.54%. Fruit mature in middle June in Guanzhong Region, Shaanxi Province.
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• A New Early Maturing Plum Cultivar 'Annongmeili' With Large Fruit Size
• ZHU Li-wu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(2): 310-310.
• Abstract ( 1752 ) HTML ( 1560 ) PDF (398KB) ( 1560 ) 　　　
• ‘Annongmeili’ was a new early maturing cultivar with large fruit size, nice appearance and good quality which was selected from the occasional seedlings of Prunus salicina Lindl. The average fruit weight was 100-120 g, soluble solid substance content 12.0 %-15.7 %, soluble sugar 10.0 %-13.5 %, titrated acid content 1.15 %-1.63 %, and vitamin C content 59.5-90.8 mg/kg. The fruit development period was about 85-90 days and its post-harvest storage time could last 7-10 days at room temperature. It was productive and resistant to plum bacterial shot hole caused by Xanthomonas campstris.
  
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