果树

• Effects of Branch Drooping on Characteristics of Absorption, Distribution and Utilization of ¹⁵N-urea Application for Malus domestica Borkh.‘Red Fuji’/ Malus hupehensis
• WANG Lei;JIANG Yuan-mao;PENG Fu-tian;WEI Shao-chong;LI Hong-bo;GE Shun-feng;and FANG Xiang-ji
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1033-1040.
• Abstract ( 1855 ) HTML ( 1313 ) PDF (352KB) ( 1313 ) 　　　
• Seven-year-old apple trees（Malus domestica Borkh.‘Red Fuji’）/Malus hupehensis were used in the present study to explore the effects of branch drooping on characteristics of absorption, distribution and utilization of ¹⁵N-urea through soil application in spring. Ndff value of roots in treated plant was obviously lower than that of control. Ndff value of fine roots was obviously different during multiple phenophases, while significant variance in Ndff value of coarse roots was found after fruit rapid-swelling stage. There was no regular pattern between Ndff value of leaves in short and middle shoots between the treatment and the control. Meanwhile, Ndff value of fruits, long shoot and leaves in long shoot with treatment was obviously lower than that of control before fruits were harvested, while Ndff value of perennial organs in treated plant was obviously higher than that of control after fruits were harvested. The ¹⁵N distribution ratio to short and middle shoots of treated plant was significantly higher than that of control，while difference of distribution to fruit between the treatment and the control was significant only after fruit rapid-swelling stage. Moreover, the distribution ratio to long shoot of treated plant was obviously lower than that of control before fruits were harvested. The ¹⁵N utilization ratio of treated plant was lower than that of control，and the significant difference was found after fruit rapid-swelling stage, the ¹⁵N utilization ratio of treated plant and control were 21.083% and 26.495% respectively.
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• Flowering of ‘Sanyuehong’ Litchi with Treatments of Different Temperature Regimes
• ZHOU Bi-yan;CHEN Hou-bin;XIANG Chi-hua;LIU Wei-qiang;LI Ning;HU Zhi-qun;HUANG Xu- ming;and ZHANG Si
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1041-1046.
• Abstract ( 2102 ) HTML ( 1551 ) PDF (183KB) ( 1551 ) 　　　
• Effects of different temperature treatments on ‘Sanyuehong’ litchi （Litchi chinensis Sonn.） during floral induction stage and morphological differentiation stage were studied using growth chambers. The results showed that trees treated with low temperatures（15 ℃/8 ℃，day 12 h/ night 12 h），or medium low temperatures（18 ℃/13 ℃）in the induction stage then high temperatures（28 ℃/23 ℃）in the morphological differentiation stage had a low percentage of terminal branches flowering. High temperatures in the morphological differentiation stage decreased the number of flowers per panicle and fresh weight of female flower. It was suggested that 18 ℃/13 ℃ treatment in the induction stage and 15 ℃/8 ℃ treatment in the morphological differentiation stage would be beneficial for flowering. Compared with those in medium and low temperatures，floral buds in high temperatures had a lower flowering in different temperature treatments and phytohormones as well as LcLFY expression was content of zeatin（ZRs）and a higher content of auxin. The litchi LFY homologue（LcLFY）expression in floral buds in the high temperatures was weaker than that in low temperatures. The relationship between flowering indifferent temperature treatments and phytohormones as well as LcLFY expression was discussed.
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• Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Paenibacillus polymyxa CP7 Against Peronophythora litchi
• CHEN Hai-ying;LIN Jian-rong;LIAO Fu-ping;and LIN Bi-min
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1047-1056.
• Abstract ( 2047 ) HTML ( 1842 ) PDF (371KB) ( 1842 ) 　　　
• Paenibacillus polymyxa CP7 antibacterial substance has a significant inhibitory action on fungus, such as Peronophythora litchi. The morphology of mycelium and sporangium of Peronophythora litchi were observed under the optic microscope, the scanning electronic microscope and transmission electronic microscope. The mycelium of Peronophythora litchi treated by CP7 antibacterial substance show morphological aberrance such as irregular distorted, wizened and swelled of mycelium. It also show the expanded end of the mycelium. The cell tissue structure of mycelium is damaged that showing the incompleted cell wall and the cell membrane, the blurred cell membrane structure, incompleted external membrane structure, and the dissolved partial cell organs. The sporangium of Peronophythora litchi treated by CP7 antibacterial substance become hollow, withered and abnormal. The wall of sporangium is injuried seriously that original massiness external cell wall only remain a thin layer, original fine structure of the　sporangium is disappeared. It causes the blurred cell structure, dissolved cell organs and leakage of substances of the sporangium. In addition, the antibacterial substance also causes bacterial cells releasing of phosphorus, and inhibit cell respiration rate and NADH oxidase activity.
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• SRAP Markers for Resistance to Nematode（Meloidogyne incognita）of Prunus kansuensis
• LIU Wei.;CAO Ke;WANG Li-rong;ZHANG Shao-ling;ZHU Geng-rui;FANG Wei-chao;and CHEN Chang-wen
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1057-1064.
• Abstract ( 1608 ) HTML ( 1293 ) PDF (145KB) ( 1293 ) 　　　
• A linkage map was obtained using a 190 BC1 progeny{Prunus persica（L.）Batsch. × [P. persica（L.）Batsch. × P. kansuensis]}. The selected primers 53 SRAP with rich polymorphism and steady bands were tested in progeny. One hundred and fifteen markers in 1︰1 ratio χ2 test were integrated in the map with Mapmaker/Exp 3.0 software. The map is composed of 103 loci（102 SRAP，1 root-knot nematodes resistance traits） distributed in 8 linkage groups. The map covers 994.2 cM of the peach genome. The average length of 8 groups is 124.3 cM，the average distance between adjacent loci is 9.6 cM. SRAP markers linked to root-knot nematodes resistance gene，which genetic distance is 2.1 cM，were located in group 5. The 36 F2 progeny was verified the validity. The accuracy rate is 91.7%.
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蔬菜

• Effects of Exogenous Putrescine on PSⅡ Photochemistry and Ion Distribution of Cucumber Seedlings Under Salt Stress
• SHU Sheng;SUN Jin;GUO Shi-rong;LI Juan;LIU Chao-jie;WANG Chang-yi;and DU Chang-xia
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1065-1072.
• Abstract ( 1953 ) HTML ( 1667 ) PDF (172KB) ( 1667 ) 　　　
• The effect of exogenous putrescine（8 mmol · L-1）on characteristics of PSⅡ photochemistry and ion distribution were investigated in cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.）‘Jingyou 4’seedlings subjected to salt stress（75 mmol · L-1 NaCl）. Chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters showed that exogenous putrescine increased the maximum quantum efficiency（Fv/Fm），actual efficiency of PSⅡ（ФPSⅡ）and regulated thermal energy dissipation（ΦNPQ）under salt stress, and significantly increased the maximum electron transport rate of PSⅡ and the light saturation coefficient（Ek），decreased photo damage（ΦNO） in the salt-stressed plants. Salt stress resulted in a significant accumulation of Na+ and Cl- in plants, but decreased levels of K+ and Mg2+. Exogenous putrescine inhibited the transportion of Na+ and Cl- from roots to leaves, decreased the accumulation of Na+，Cl- and increased K+，Mg2+ concentration in different tissues under salt stress. The above results indicated that exogenous putrescine regulated ion distribution in salt-stressed plants, especially，by preventing the accumulation of Na+ and Cl- in the leaves which was associated with an improvement in the actual PSⅡ efficiency.
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• Fine Mapping of the Foliage Bitterness Gene（Bi）in Cucumis sativus
• LI Man;GONG Yi-qin;MIAO Han;WU Jian;GU Xing-fang;ZHANG Sheng-ping;and WANG Xiao-wu;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1073-1078.
• Abstract ( 2169 ) HTML ( 1729 ) PDF (106KB) ( 1729 ) 　　　
• A RILs population with 148 individuals derived from a cucumber line 9110 Gt（bibi）and 9930（BiBi）was used to analyze the location of Bi gene. Bi gene was mapped on the linkage group 6, corresponding to chromosome 6 of cucumber. The flanking markers SSR19672 and SSR00004 were linked to the Bi gene with distances of 4.4 and 3.4 cM. An F2 population with 1 815 individuals derived from the same parents was used for screening recombinants for fine mapping of the gene. Recombinant plants were identified by the flanking markers SSR19672 and SSR00004. Based on the whole genome sequence of cucumber，thirty-one SSRs within the region between SSR19672 and SSR00004 were designed and screened for polymorphism between the two parents, which revealed that one of them（SSR02309）was 1.7 cM to Bi gene. The distance between previously identified flanking marker SSR00004 and Bi were 2.2 cM.
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• Molecular Location of Didymella bryoniae Resistant Gene Carried by 4G21 on Cucumis melo L.
• HA Kuang-wu;ZHANG Hui-ling;LIU Jian-li;LIU Ping;and WANG Jian-she;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1079-1084.
• Abstract ( 1777 ) HTML ( 1217 ) PDF (78KB) ( 1217 ) 　　　
• Genetic analysis of resistance for anti-source 4G21 to Didymella bryoniae（Auersw.）on Cucumis melo L. was studied，using six generation population F1，F3，BCs、BCr and parents from a cross between a resistant variety 4G21（C. var. chinensis）and a susceptible variety 3A832（C. melo var. saccherinus）. The results showed that：Resistance level of population F1 was slightly lower than that of parent 4G21，it illustrated that disease resistance gene represented as incomplete dominant gene in generation population F1. The segregation ratio of resistant-susceptible was 1:1 in BCs，and 3:1 in F3 genealogy. The results implied that disease resistance was governed by a single incomplete dominant gene，named as Sb-x，it was located on linkage group LG1 of molecular map on melon，and closely linked with both sides of the SRAP marker loci of me45em42-4，me45em2-3，me45em2-4 and me3em42-4，me3em42-3，the genetic distances were 2 cM and 3 cM respectively.
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• Construction of Genetic Linkage Map and QTL Analysis of Phytophthora infestans Resistant Gene Ph-2 in Tomato
• HUANG Xiao-mei;WANG Ao-xue;XU Xiang-yang;LI Jing-fu;and LI Ning
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1085-1092.
• Abstract ( 2370 ) HTML ( 1770 ) PDF (180KB) ( 1770 ) 　　　
• In this paper, a set of 260 F2 progeny was obtained by crossing the Phytophthora infestans resistant cultivar W.Va 700 (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) carrying Ph-2 gene (resistant to race T1) with the susceptible cultivar line 04957 (S. lycopersicum) for constructing the genetic map, and plants were inoculated using Phytophthora infestans T1 for disease resistance identification. The results showed that the resistance to race T1 was in accordance with normal distribution, and the resistance of Ph-2 gene was quantitative character：A genetic map with 12 linkage groups was constructed by RAPD, SSR and AFLP methods. The map covered 1 154.85 cM map distance, the average map distance was 9.47 cM. Five QTL (quantitative trait loci), designed as QPh2-1，QPh2-2，QPh2-3 and QPh2-4，were linked to Ph-2 gene in the third linkage group. The explainable phenotypic variation of them were 26.95%, 16.63%，16.24% and 6.69% respectively. QPh2-5 was detected on chromosome 1，it was 0.76 cM away from molecular markerOPK14, its explainable phenotypic variation was 33.87%. The genetic effects of QPh2-1 and QPh2-5 were additive and dominant seperately.
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• QTL Analysis of Cold Tolerance from Solanum pimpinellifolium During Seed Germination and Seedling Stages Using Advanced Backcross Population
• LIU Bing;DU Yong-chen;WANG Xiao-xuan;GUO Yan-mei;GAO Jian-chang;ZHU De-wei;and DAI Shan-shu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1093-1101.
• Abstract ( 3307 ) HTML ( 1499 ) PDF (170KB) ( 1499 ) 　　　
• An advanced backcross population of 273 BC3S1 individuals was developed derived from the cross Solanum pimpinellifolium LA722 × Solanum lycopersicum 9706 and a map was constructed containing 35 CAPS markers and 62 SSR markers. The QTLs controlling cold tolerance were mapped in the wild tomato Solanum pimpinellifolium LA722 by mass screening test under cold stress. Using MQM mapping method, seven QTLs controlling cold tolerance were mapped in five chromosomes. The five QTLs coffering cold-tolerance during seed germination were mapped to chromosomes 1, 2, 5 and 11, while the two QTLs coffering cold-tolerance during seedling stage were mapped to chromosome 2 and 8. The QTLs on chromosomes 2 and 5 (qRGI-2-1 and qRGI-5-1) could explain 12.8% and 32.9% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. The cold tolerance of 12 tomato self-offspring (BC3S2) during seed germination and seedling stages was at or better than that of LA722 and the agronomic traits, such as fruit weight, were also close to or better than normal tomato variety 9706. So these lines can be used as tomatocold-resistant breeding materials.
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• Endogenous Hormone Content of Fleshy Root in Relation to Early Bolting in Summer Cultivated Carrot on Plateau
• YANG Yong-gang;ZHANG Hua-sheng;LI Ya-li;WANG Xiao-wei;YU Ji-hua;and WANG Xiao-li
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1102-1108.
• Abstract ( 2100 ) HTML ( 1358 ) PDF (120KB) ( 1358 ) 　　　
• The fleshy and bolting roots of‘Qishan Touxinhong’（an early-bolting variety）and the fleshy root of‘Xinxiu Sanhong’（a late-bolting variety）were used as materials to discuss the relationship between the change of endogenous hormone content and early bolting of carrot（Daucus carota L.var. sativa DC.）. The results showed that the contents of endogenous hormones in fleshy root decreased gradually on seedling stage. The contents of GA3，GA4，IAA and IPA increased firstly to higher levels and then declined by degrees，while the contents of ZR and DHZR continually declined to the lowest levels and then increased during leaf fast-developing period. The contents of ZR and IAA increased to the higher levels and the other endogenous hormones content declined slowly during root fast-thickening stage. During the long-days in summer，compared with‘Xinxiu Sanhong’，the contents of GA3 or ZR in fleshyroots of‘Qishan Touxinhong’（FRQ）were significantly lower，while GA4 and IAA in FRQ were significantly higher；In bolting roots of‘Qishan Touxinhong’，the contents of IAA and IPA were significantly higher and GA3，ABA were significantly lower than those of in FRQ. As to early bolting，lower content of GA3 and higher content of IAA played positive roles. Furthermore，higher ratios of IAA to ZR，GA4 to ZR led to early bolting of carrot.
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观赏植物

• Effects of GA3 and IBA as Well as Alternating Temperature Treatments on Scale Cutting Propagation and Starch Degradation in the Scales of Lilium Oriental Hybrid
• SUN Hong-mei;XIE Jia;WANG Chun-xia;AN Jing;and LI Tian-lai
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1109-1116.
• Abstract ( 2098 ) HTML ( 1361 ) PDF (637KB) ( 1361 ) 　　　
• Lilium Oriental hybrid‘Sorbonne’were used to study the effects of GA3，IBA and temperature treatments on scales cutting propagation as well as the carbohydrate metabolism. The results showed that GA3 treatments could enlarge the bulblets in a short time，and IBA treatments made the formation of bulblets delay，but the propagation coefficient and the uniformity of bulblets could be increased. GA3 and IBA combined with 5 ℃ pretreatment separately could increase the mass of bulblets significantly，and could promote bulblets to enlarge in a short period; IBA 100 mg · L-1，1 h combined with 5 ℃ pretreatment made the propagation coefficient and the uniformity of bulblets higher than 25 ℃/15 ℃variable temperature culture as well as 25 ℃ constant temperature culture；GA3 100 mg · L-1，2 h combined with 5 ℃ pretreatment could obtain the best quality of bulblets. During scales reproduction，GA3，IBA with different temperature treatments made the content of starch and total soluble sugar declinein scales，especially which in the base of scale decreased sharply in the early stage at 25 ℃（20 d）；IBA promoted the degradation of starch，which provided the nutrition for the induction and formation of bulblets. The content of total soluble sugar in mother scales was lower under IBA combined with low temperature treatments than those with non-cold treatments. 5 ℃ pretreatment promoted the degradation of starch in mother scales with GA3 treatment.
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• Effects of 60Co-gamma Rays Irradiation on in Vitro Cultured Cut Chrysanthemum and Variations of Main Morphological Characters in the M1 Generation
• XING Li-li;CHEN Fa-di;and CHEN Su-mei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1117-1124.
• Abstract ( 1950 ) HTML ( 1311 ) PDF (182KB) ( 1311 ) 　　　
• In vitro plantlets of two cut chrysanthemum cultivars were irradiated with 0，10，15 and 20 Gy of 60Co-gamma rays，respectively. The stems and leaves from irradiated plantlets were used as explants for further in vitro culture. The effects of radiation on the rate of produced axillary buds，induced callus and differentiated adventitious buds were analysed. Variations of the main morphological characters in M1 plants were documented. The results showed that 60Co-gamma rays dramatically inhibited the callus induction and differentiation from either leaves or stems explants，the inhibition effect increased with the increase in the dose of irradiation. The sensitivity to irradiation was upon to different cultivars and different types of explants. The irradiated stem was more suitable to be used as explants than the irradiated leaves. The plant height and flower diameter decreased in the M1 of‘Changzi’while increased slightly in M1 of‘Jinba’. The variation rate of morphological characters in plants regenerated from stems and leaves was higher than that regenerated from axillary buds. Rates of variation of flower color and petal type in ‘Changzi’were higher than that in‘Jinba’.
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• Association Analysis of Ornamental Traits with RAPD Markers in 18 Portion Materials of Spiraea L.
• LIU Hui-min;ZHU Yu-tao;CHE Dai-di;JIANG Long;CHEN Qing-shan;and WU Feng-zhi;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1125-1131.
• Abstract ( 1837 ) HTML ( 1493 ) PDF (81KB) ( 1493 ) 　　　
• Using the 208 RAPD markers and association mapping in 18 portion materials of Spiraea L.，by scanning their genome in this study. We analyzed their population structure and performed the association analysis between RAPD markers and 28 ornamental traits. The results showed that：Eighteen portion materials of Spiraea L. were composed of 6 subpopulations；There were 23 RAPD markers associated with 16 ornamental traits in the population，there were 5 RAPD markers associated with 2 or more traits；Seven super association markers（s5-2，s152-6，s1216-1） of the ornamental traits and their carried species were detected. These markers associated with flower period（s5-2 total 2），colored- leaf period（s1049-9 total 2），flowering biological habit（s22-1 total 7），flower color（s103-9 total 3）and petal shape（s22-7）of ornamental traits. The carried species were S. bumalda‘Gold Mound’，S. bumalda‘Gold Flame’，S.thunbergii Blume，S. japonica Linn.and S. chamedryfolia L.
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• Cloning and Recombinant Protein Expression of ACC Synthase Genes in Cut Roses（Rosa hybrida）
• TAN Yuan-jun;XUE Jing-qi;TONG Zheng;MA Nan;and GAO Jun-ping;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1132-1138.
• Abstract ( 1832 ) HTML ( 1244 ) PDF (281KB) ( 1244 ) 　　　
• Our previous work showed that the expression of ACC synthase genes was contributed to the effects of ethylene on hastening flower opening. In the present work，we isolated the wound-inducible and ethylene up-regulated ACS genes，namely Rh-ACS1 and Rh-ACS3，from cut rose petals. The full length of Rh-ACS1 is 2 132 bp，contains a 1 476 bp ORF which encodes a putative ACS protein with 491 aa，while the entire Rh-ACS3 is 1 734 bp in length，and contains a 1 545 bp ORF which encodes a putative ACS protein with 514 aa. The ORFs of Rh-ACS1 and Rh-ACS3 were inserted into pGEX-4T-1 and pET-30a to express the recombinant proteins in E.coli，respectively. The expression of predicted 70 kD and 60 kD recombinant proteins were induced by isopropyl β-D-thiogalacto-pyranoside（IPTG）at a final concentration of 0.6 mmol · L-1 for 3 h at 37 ℃.
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研究报告

• Cloning and Prokaryotic Expression of Expansin cDNA in Persimmon Fruits
• CHANG Xiao-xiao;RAO Jing-ping;and LIU Le
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1139-1146.
• Abstract ( 1742 ) HTML ( 1614 ) PDF (334KB) ( 1614 ) 　　　
• Using the total RNA from different stages of persimmon（Diospyros kaki L.‘Fuping Jianshi’）fruit as the template，five expansin cDNA：CDK-Exp3（1 168 bp）from mature stage，CDK-Exp4（1 120 bp）and CDK-Exp5（1 018 bp）from colour-changed stage，CDK-Exp6（1 129 bp）and CDK-Exp7（1 121 bp）from fruit expanding stage were isolated by RT-PCR and RACE. The open reading frame of the five genes was 765 bp and encoded a protein of 254 amino acid residues. The CDK-Exp3 was cloned into pET-32a（+）vector to construct recombination prokaryotic expression vector pET-CDK-Exp3，and which was transformed to E.coli BL21. Recombinant protein about 43 kD was expressed in pET-CDK-
  Exp3 system and separated by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis.
  
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• Identification of AFLP-derived SCAR Markers Linked to the Pear Scab Resistance Gene
• ZHANG Shu-jun;ZHANG Shao-ling;WU Jun;WANG Ying-tao;LI Yong;and LI Xiao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1147-1154.
• Abstract ( 1699 ) HTML ( 1649 ) PDF (379KB) ( 1649 ) 　　　
• Pear scab is one of the most harmful diseases in pear production. Using 97 F1 progenies produced by the cross‘Yali’（susceptible）בXueqing’（resistant），markers linked to pear scab resistance gene were screened by amplified fragment length polymorphism（AFLP） technique combined with bulked segregant analysis（BSA）method. Two molecular markers which linked to pear scab resistant gene had been identified from 64 pairs of AFLP primer，named as ACA/CAA-179 and AAC/CAG-198. The genetic distance to pear scab resistant gene were 5.2 cM and 8.3 cM，respectively. Sequencing results indicated that the length of the two specific fragment amplified were 179 bp and 198 bp，respectively. The specific primers were further designed based on the sequence information，and then were utilized to analyze the F1 population by PCR. Results showed that AFLPACA/CAA-179 had been successfully converted into SCAR marker，and named as SCAR-117. This result will be helpful for molecular identification of germplasm and early selection of progenies which are resistant to pear scab.
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• Studies on 2n Pollen Induced by Colchicine in Nectarine［Prunus persica （L.）Batsch. var. nectarina（Ait.）Maxim.］‘Lichun’
• WANG Shang-de;LIU Jia-chen;JI Wang-peng;LAN Yan-ping;YAO Yan-wu;ZHOU Jia-hua;and CHANG Hong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1155-1160.
• Abstract ( 2001 ) HTML ( 1363 ) PDF (48KB) ( 1363 ) 　　　
• In order to optimize the method of 2n pollen induction and to test the effects of colchicine on 2n pollen formation in nectarine, 2n pollen was induced by two colchicine treatments, cotton wool soaking and direct injection into floral buds of Prunus persica（L.）Batsch. var. nectarina（Ait.）Maxim. ‘Lichun’. Orthogonal experimental design was used in this study. In treatment of direct colchicine injection, 2n pollen ratio mounted to 85.0%, but fewer flowers developed. In treatment of cotton wool soaking, 2n pollen ratio was 44.1%, and the ratio of full developed flower was. The duration of treatment and humectant concentration were the key factors in cotton wool soaking. The maximum 2n pollen ratio was obtained when cotton wool soaking treatment lasted 32 hours and the 1% glycerol was used as humectant. Concerning to the ratio of flower harvested and 2n pollen percentage, the optimum method for 2n pollen induction in nectarine is 0.1%–0.2% colchicine treatment by cotton wool soaking for 24–32 h with 1 mL of laundry powder as saturation and 1% glycerol as humectant respectively.
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• Taxonomic Relationship Between Chinese Kale and Other Varieties in Brassica oleracea L.
• ZHOU Yu;LI Yan;SUN Bo;SHI Yu;WANG Qiao-mei;and WANG Bing-liang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1161-1168.
• Abstract ( 2344 ) HTML ( 1716 ) PDF (84KB) ( 1716 ) 　　　
• The taxonomic relationship has been studied between Chinese kale and the other varieties of Brassica oleracea L.，two Chinese kale cultivars，two broccoli cultivars，two kohlrab cultivars and two cabbage cultivars. Crosses have been made among Chinese kale and broccoli，kohlrab，cabbage，the three varieties of Brassica oleracea，the cross compatibility indexes were investigated，and the resulting hybrids were self-crossed to assess and self-compatibility index. Botanic characters of eight parents and 24 cross combinations were adopted to perform cluster analysis. Our results showed successful crosses between Chinese kale and the three representative varieties of Brassica oleracea with an average compatibility index of 13.4. All resulting hybrids developed into normal and fertile plants，and they had a compatibility index of 14.1 when self-crossed. The hybrids showed combined morphologies of their parents，with different degrees of biases toward broccoli，kohlrab，cabbage，respectively. It was also found that the F2 seeds germinated normally. Cluster analysis with euclidean distance 2.78 implied that two Chinese kalecultivars could be classified into one group，two cabbage cultivars and eight F1 hybrids crossed with two cabbage cultivars and two Chinese kale cultivars could be classified into one group，two broccoli cultivars and eight F1 hybrids crossed with two broccoli cultivars and two Chinese kale cultivars could be classified into one group，and two kohlrab cultivars and eight F1 hybrids crossed with two kohlrab cultivars and two Chinese kale cultivars could be classified into one group. The relationship between Chinese kale and cabbage was closer than that between Chinese kale and broccoli or kohlrabi. Therefore，we conclude that Chinese kale and Brassica oleracea L. most likely belong to the same species，and hypothesize that Chinese kale as another variety of Brassica oleracea may be evolved from cabbage.
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• Comparative Analysis of Polysaccharides Structure and Composition in Bitter Melon Inbreed Lines
• ZHANG De;XIANG Chang-ping;LI Jun-li;and KONG Ling-wei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1169-1174.
• Abstract ( 1936 ) HTML ( 1381 ) PDF (113KB) ( 1381 ) 　　　
• The polysaccharides structure and composition of fruit in three bitter melon inbred lines were compared in the paper. The crude polysaccharides were extracted in hot water and precipitated with alcohol. Then，the polysacchrides were purified by the processes of protein removing and dialysis. The polysaccharides composition and the types of its glycosidic bond were determined by gas chromatography and infrared spectroscopy respectively. The results showed that in the same growing environment，there are significant differences in the polysaccharide content，monosaccharide composition and the structure among different bitter melon inbreed lines. The water-soluble polysaccharide of bitter melon is mainly composed of arabinose，mannose，glucose and galactose，with the exception that inbreed lines of No.3 and No.8 contain small amount of rhamnose and xylose. In addition，configuration analysis showed the polysaccharides mainly exist in the forms of α- and β-pyranose in bitter melon.
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• Pollen Morphology of 12 Species of Iris L. and Its Systematic Significations
• YU Xiao-fang;ZHANG Hai-qin;HE Xue-mei;XIE Quan;and ZHOU Yong-hong;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1175-1182.
• Abstract ( 2408 ) HTML ( 1820 ) PDF (356KB) ( 1820 ) 　　　
• Pollen morphology of 12 species in Iris was investigated under scanning electron microscope in this study. The results showed that：（1）Except the width of spine，the shape and size of pollen grains，shape of aperture，extine sculpture of I. lactea and I. lactea var. chinensis were similar；（2）The shape of pollen grains，extine sculpture and width of spine of I. leptophylla，I. sichuanensis and I. goniocarpa were highly approximate and no aperture was found among the three species. The pollen grain of I. goniocarpa was smaller than those of I. leptophylla and I. sichuanensis；（3）Pollen of I. japonica and I. confusa had similar size and shape，and no grains existed in the meshes of these two species. The shape of pollen grains in I. japonica was suboblate while that in I. confusa was subspheroidal；（4）I. wattii was distinctly different from I. japonica and I. confusa in pollen size and exine ornamentation，suggesting that I. wattii had relatively distant relationship with I. japonica and I. confusa.
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新品种

• A New Navel Orange Cultivar‘Qicheng 52’
• ZHAO Yi-jie;GUO Jian-ming;CHEN Xue-jin;YU De-sheng;and XU Chang-tong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1183-1184.
• Abstract ( 2759 ) HTML ( 1296 ) PDF (667KB) ( 1296 ) 　　　
• ‘Qicheng 52’is a new cultivar developed from the fine mutation lines of‘Newhall’navel orange. The fruits are oval in shape，with orange peel，seedless. The fruit weight is 180–270 g. The soluble solids content is 11.5%–13.0%，total sugar is 8.5%–11.8%，the titratable acid is 0.46%–0.73%，and vitamin C is 41.8–53.6 mg · kg-1. The fruit quality is excellent. It bears early，with high and stable yield，good fruit quality and high resistance to diseases.
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• A New Apple Cultivar‘Yuefeng’for Table and Processing
• WANG Dong-mei;LIU Zhi;YI Kai;YANG Feng;ZHANG Jing-e;YAN Zhong-ye;and Lü Tian-xing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1185-1186.
• Abstract ( 1570 ) HTML ( 1232 ) PDF (536KB) ( 1232 ) 　　　
• ‘Yuefeng’is a new fresh eating and processing late ripening apple hybrid selected from ‘Dongguang’בFuji’. Its fruit shape is round. The average fruit weight is 230 g. The flesh is crisp，juicy，sour-sweet，palatable，aromatic and normal taste，with firmness 11.3 kg · cm-2，soluble solids content 15.6%，titratable acids content 0.9%，vitamin C content 0.1597 mg · g-1. The main characteristics are disease resistance，long-storage，early-bearing and high yield. The juice yield is 90%. The color of concentrated juice is brownish-yellow，clear and colorless，inoffensive，with a light transmittance of 96.5%，color value of 72.9%，turbidity of 0.83 NTU.
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• A New Red Pear Cultivar‘Meirensu’
• WEI Wen-dong;LI Gui-rong;TIAN Peng;ZHANG Chuan-lai;and SU Yan-li
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1187-1188.
• Abstract ( 1571 ) HTML ( 1589 ) PDF (745KB) ( 1589 ) 　　　
• ‘Meirensu’was derived from the cross‘Kosui’בHuobali’. Fruits mature in the mid-late September in Zhengzhou. It’s characterized by red skin，large size，and excellent fruit taste. It contains fine，juicy，crisp flesh，with 275 g single fruit weight. It has 14.5%–15.5% soluble solids content，9.96% total sugar content，0.51% titratable acid content and 0.0722 mg · g-1 vitamin C content. The cultivar bears early，has high and stable yield，resistance to adversity condition，diseases and pests.
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• A New Hawthorn Cultivar‘Yimenghong’
• MENG Qing-jie;HUANG Yong;WANG Guang-quan;QIAN Guan-ze;LI Qiang;WANG Guang-zhen;and LIAN Mao-jie
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1189-1190.
• Abstract ( 1552 ) HTML ( 1403 ) PDF (446KB) ( 1403 ) 　　　
• The new hawthorn cultivar‘Yimenghong’was derived from the seedling. The fruit is oblong in shape. The average fruit weight is 19.73 g，the maximum is 27.3 g. Peel is deep red. Fruit surface is smooth and shiny. It has milk white flesh，dense texture，sweet and sour flavor. The soluble sugar content is 8.85%. The titratable acid content is 2.15%. Vitamin C content is 0.6647 mg · g-1. The main characteristics are balanced taste，disease resistance，early-bearing and high yield.
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• A New Cold-resistant and Early-maturing Plum Cultivar‘Sui Li 5’
• SUN Wei;GAO Qing-yu;WU Zhen-lin;WU Li-ren;DU Han-jun;LIU Wen-dong;and GAO Jia-yuan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1191-1192.
• Abstract ( 1771 ) HTML ( 1113 ) PDF (537KB) ( 1113 ) 　　　
• ‘Sui Li 5’is a new cold-resistant and early-maturing plum cultivar which originated from a cross-combination‘Sui Li 3’with‘Moonlight’. The fruit color is bright red，and the shape is ellipse with a spike top. The average single fruit weight is 68.0 g，the maximum is 89.0 g. The clingstone fruit taste sour and sweet. The soluble solids content of fruit is 13.10%，the soluble sugar is 6.03%. The global consistency and storability of fruit are good. It is a early-maturing variety. The development period of fruit is about 80 days. It has a strong cold resistance.
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• A New Fresh-eating Walnut Cultivar‘Lüxiang’
• HOU Li-qun;ZHAO Deng-chao;WANG Jun-yi;YANG Ke-qiang;HAN Chuan-ming;and CUI Shu-ying
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1193-1194.
• Abstract ( 1906 ) HTML ( 1385 ) PDF (610KB) ( 1385 ) 　　　

• ‘Lüxiang’is a new precocious walnut cultivar，which was selected from the walnut seedling resources in Shandong Province. The fresh fruit is ovoid in shape with a yellow-green skin. The average fruit weight is 54.53 g. Walnut green husk thickness is about 0.58 cm. The kernel total fat content is 62.96%，kernel total protein content is 17.27%，soluble protein content is 8.17%. It is easy to take out the whole kernel. The color of endotesta is milk white. The kernel is filled plumply and full of aroma.‘Lüxiang’showed excellent characteristics such as strong growth，high yield，good quality. It is suitable for fresh-eating.

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• A New Macadamia Nut Cultivar‘SSCRI-2’
• LU Chao-zhong;ZENG Hui;ZOU Ming-hong;DU Li-qing;ZHANG Han-zhou;LI Reng-ran;XU Hui-shan;LUO Lian-fang;and WANG Yi-cheng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1195-1196.
• Abstract ( 1975 ) HTML ( 1283 ) PDF (425KB) ( 1283 ) 　　　
• ‘SSCRI-2’is a new macadamia nut cultivar. It was selected from the seedling progenies in Zhanjiang，Guandong Province. It has medium growth potential and it is precocious，with high yield，good adaptability. The nut in shell is medium large，the average of nut in shell mass is 7.52 g，the average of kernel mass is 2.6 g，the percentage of kernel is 30.6%–30.7%，the percentage of the first grade kernel is 100%，the oil content of kernel is 76.5%–78.3%，and the content of protein is 9.5%. It ripens from late September to early October in Zhanjiang.
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• A New Melon Cultivar‘Xiami’
• ZHANG Yue-jian;LU Hong-ying;SHI Ze-bin;QI Xing-jiang;JIANG Gui-hua;and MIAO Li-xiang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1197-1198.
• Abstract ( 1706 ) HTML ( 1394 ) PDF (484KB) ( 1394 ) 　　　
• ‘Xiami’is a new early-maturing muskmelon cultivar. The fruit is high spherical. The average fruit weight is about 1.3 kg. The ground colour of its pericarp is dark green. The fruit net on pericarp is sparsely and irregularly distributed. The variety belongs to crisp-flesh type and its pulp is green white with thickness of 3.5 cm. The soluble solids content in the center of fruit is above 15%. The fruit developing period is about 41 d.‘Xiami’has strong tolerance to gummy stem blight in field. It is suitable for planting in protected field.
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• A Low Acid Content Processing Tomato Cultivar‘Xinfan 41’
• Patiguli;YANG Sheng-bao;WANG Bai-ke;GAN Zhong-xiang;ZHANG Yong;YANG Tao;ZHANG Gui-ren;PENG Ying-zhen;and YU Qing-hui;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1199-1200.
• Abstract ( 1939 ) HTML ( 1424 ) PDF (801KB) ( 1424 ) 　　　
• ‘Xinfan 41’（Tunhe 48）is a processing tomato hybrid. Its plants are determinate and it grows vigorously. The average fruit weight is 80 g，and the soluble solids content is 5.0% ~ 5.4﹪. It takes about 119 days from sowing to the first harvest. Its fruits contain low total acid, so it is suitable for processing low acid tomato paste. The yield is 90 000–105 000 kg · hm-2. This variety can be planted by late seedling transplanting or seed sowing.
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• A New Flowering Chinese Cabbage Cultivar‘Youlü Cutai Caixin’
• LI Gui-hua;CHEN Han-cai;SONG Zhao;ZHANG Yan;CAO Jian;and CHEN Qiong-xian
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(7): 1201-1202.
• Abstract ( 2036 ) HTML ( 1256 ) PDF (682KB) ( 1256 ) 　　　
• ‘Youlü Cutai Caixin’which cultivated by systematic breeding is an early maturity cultivar of flowering Chinese cabbage with tolerance to flood and hot. The leaves are circular，oil green，19.9 cm in length and 10.6 cm in width. Main sprouts are oil green，22.2 cm in high，1.8 cm in thick，with 37.9 g in single sprout weight.‘Youlü Cutai Caixin’showed strong adaptability，waterlogging tolerance，strong resistance to downy mildew，anthracnose and soft rot. It is suitable for producing in Guangdong Province in spring，summer and autumn.
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