Fruit Trees

• Differential Expression of Anti-apoptotic Genes in Extensive and Absorbing Roots of Malus hupehensis and Their Response to 2,4-D
• FAN Shu-Lei, YANG Hong-Qiang, RAN Kun, SHEN Wei, ZHANG Wei-Wei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1225-1232.
• Abstract ( 6160 ) HTML ( 940 ) PDF (306KB) ( 940 ) 　　　
• The three-year old potted trees of Malus hupehensis（Pamp）Rehd. var. pinyiensis Jiang were irrigated with water solution of 2,4-D to investigate the characteristics of cell death and the expression of anti-apoptotic genes of new roots（extensive roots and absorbing roots）. The result showed that the new roots’ cell death quantity and caspase-like 3/7 activity increased first and then fell in the 70 days after the treatment of 60 mg · L^-1 2,4-D，however，the ATP content and the root activity changed in the contrary trend. After the treatment，the expression of anti-apoptotic genes MhHSP70，MhBI-1，MhBAG were induced and the expression levels of MhBAG first decreased then increased，however MhHSP70 and MhBI-1 increased first，and then decreased later. At the same time，the change range of cell death quantity and caspase-like 3/7 activity and the rising range of MhHSP70 and MhBI-1 expression levels in absorbing roots were greater than that in extensive roots in the early stage of the 2,4-D treatment，which showed that absorbing roots had higher sensitivity to 2,4-D than extensive roots. When at peak value，the expression levels rising times of anti-apoptotic genes in extensive roots were significantly higher than that in absorbing roots，which indicated that the extensive roots had stronger anti-apoptotic ability than absorbing roots.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Identification of an Apple NBS-LRR1 Gene and Its Expression Analysis
• SONG Xiao, BAI Su-Hua, DAI Hong-Yi
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1233-1243.
• Abstract ( 1614 ) HTML ( 3453 ) PDF (878KB) ( 3453 ) 　　　
• NBS-LRR proteins are one protein family which contains Nucleotide-binding site（NBS）and leucine-rich repeat（LRR），and play an important role in defending plants from various pathogens. Anew NBS-LRR gene was identified from‘Gala’apple and named MdNBS-LRR1（JX126858）. The fullcDNA was 3 116 bp in length with an open reading frame（ORF）of 2 826 bp and encoded a protein of 941amino acids. The putative amino acid sequence contains an NB-ARC domain. The BLAST analysis exhibited high identity（60%）to NBS-LRR resistant protein（ACM89637）from Glycine max. Real time quantitative PCR analysis showed that the expression of MdNBS-LRR1 was observed in all tissues tested here including young leaves，shoot，functional leaves，bud，bark and flower，and the highest expression level was found in younger leaves. The expression of MdNBS-LRR1 was up-regulated by infection with Botryosphaeria dothide and reached the peak value at 24 d（10.6-fold higher than that in control）after inoculation. In addition，SA，MeJA and ACC could induce the expression of MdNBS-LRR1 gene in leaves，indicating that MdNBS-LRR1 could be regulated by the disease-resistant related signaling pathway.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• The Observation of Pollination ，Fertilization and Seed Abortion of ‘Century Seedless Pear’
• ZHU Yu-Ling, PENG Jian-Ying, ZHANG Yu-Xing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1244-1250.
• Abstract ( 1507 ) HTML ( 1919 ) PDF (828KB) ( 1919 ) 　　　
• The pollination and fertilization of Century Seedless Pear were systematically examined by the method of anatomy. The results showed that the self-pollinated pollens couldn’t enter into the embryo sac；The cross-pollinated pollens could enter into the embryo sac after 48 hours. In the process of fertilization，one sperm couldn’t enter the egg cell or their nucleus couldn’t fuse，the other sperm could not fuse with polar nucleus and the double fertilization failed and it leaded to the seed abortion at last.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• The Effect of UV-C Irradiation on Spatial and Temporal Accumulation of Flavanols and the Activity，Tissue Localization of LAR in Grape Berry
• WEN Peng-Fei, NIU Xing-Yan, XING Yan-Fu, NIU Tie-Quan, GAO Mei-Ying, JI Zheng-Chun, LI Chang-Heng, DU Li-Juan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1251-1261.
• Abstract ( 1194 ) HTML ( 1090 ) PDF (545KB) ( 1090 ) 　　　
• The 5-year old grapevine（Vitis vinifera L.‘Cabernet Sauvignon’）was subjected to the periodical UV-C irradiation during berry development. The spatial and temporal accumulation of flavanols and the enzyme activity of LAR in the berry were analyzed by spectrophotometer method，and the tissue localization of LAR1 and LAR2 were detected by the immunohistochemical localization. The results indicated that the accumulation of total phenol，flavanols，flavan-3-ols，as well as the LAR enzyme activity in the skin and flesh were induced by UV-C irradiation，which was irradiation dose-，organ/tissue-，and development stage-depend. There were no obvious changes in the tissue localization of LAR1 and LAR2 induced by UV-C，whereas an significant increasing signal was found，especially in the skin and vascular bundle. All the results suggest that UV-C irradiation could induce the accumulation of LAR1 and LAR2 enzyme protein in the skin and vascular bundle，an increasing in LAR activity in the skin during grape berry development，which resulted in the accumulation of total flavan-3-ols and flavanols.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Parental Dominant Inheritance of Fruit Carotenoids，Sugars and Organic Acids in a Citrus Interspecific Allotetraploid Somatic Hybrid Between Bonnaza Navel Orange and Rough Lemon
• ZHENG Bei-Bei, XIE Zong-Zhou, GUO Wen-Wu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1262-1268.
• Abstract ( 1342 ) HTML ( 1422 ) PDF (577KB) ( 1422 ) 　　　
• Carotenoid compounds in the fruit pulp of somatic hybrid [‘Bonnaza’naval orange（Citrus sinensis Osbeck）+ rough lemon（C. jambhiri Lush）]and both parental species were quantitatively evaluated by HPLC，sugars and organic acids content were investigated by GC，and Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect expression levels of key genes involved in the carotenoid，sugars and organic acids biosynthetic pathways. Results revealed that strong dominance of rough lemon was found for citric acid，malic acid and carotenoid compound in somatic hybrid fruit，while sucrose content showed mid-parent value. Gene expression was higher in navel orange than in rough lemon for four of seven genes analyzed involved in carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. Rough lemon dominance was observed for expression of CitCrt，CitLcy-e and CitZep. These results indicated that rough lemon played a dominant role in inheritance of fruit quality characteristics and gene expression in the somatic hybrid.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Studies of Bacterially Expressed dsRNAs Targeting PRSV HC-Pro Gene Inducing Resistance to PRSV
• YANG Guo-Feng, SHEN Wen-Tao, YAN Pu, LI Xiao-Ying, ZHOU Peng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1269-1277.
• Abstract ( 1145 ) HTML ( 1793 ) PDF (358KB) ( 1793 ) 　　　
• A Hairpin RNA coding structure of the 824 bp region（from 2 274 to 3 097）of PRSV HC-Pro gene was constructed by the OZ-LIC method. After inserted into the plasmid pSP73，the structure was transformed into M-Jm109LacY of the RNaseⅢ-deficient strain and induced with IPTG. The recombinant E. coli strain could express H824-dsRNA that remained stable in the presence of DNase I enzyme and RNase A enzyme. We carry out a protective resistance assay and a therapeutic resistance assay. In the protective resistance assay，dsRNA was used to spray onto the plant surface before inoculation of papaya leaves with PRSV. Protective treatment experimental results showed dsRNA derived from the functional gene of PRSV could protect papaya plants from virus infection. ELISA analysis and Real-time RT-PCR results confirmed that the virus accumulation could be inhibited by dsRNA. In the therapeutic resistance assay，dsRNA was used to spray onto the plant surfaces 25 days after inoculation of papaya leaves with PRSV. ELISA analysis and Real-time RT-PCR results showed that the virus accumulation declined slightly after spraying dsRNA for 3 days.
• Related Articles | Metrics

Vegetables

• Influence of Over-expression of the BoFLC3 and AtFT Genes on Floweringtime and Cold Tolerance in Brassica juncea
• YANG Hai-Peng, CAI Yi-Ming, ZHANG Qian, REN Xue-Song, SI Jun, LI Cheng-Qiong, SONG Hong-Yuan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1278-1288.
• Abstract ( 7227 ) HTML ( 1662 ) PDF (768KB) ( 1662 ) 　　　
• BoFLC3 gene from Brassica oleracea and AtFT gene from Arabidopsis were overexpressed alone or together in Brassica juncea. The results showed constitutive expression of the BoFLC3 gene in Brassica juncea significantly delayed flowering under long-day photoperiods as well as short-day photoperiods. Vernalization treatment induced earlier flowering of BoFLC3 overexpression plants than unvernalized transgenic control but still were flowering later than the wild type plants; the overexpression of the AtFT gene could induce early flowering in Brassica juncea. The flowering time of BoFLC3 and AtFT genes co-expression plants after cross were almost at the same time compared with the wild type plants，indicated the effects of the over-expression of the BoFLC3 and AtFT genes on flowering time could cancel each other out. Moreover，the cold-tolerance was enhanced by constitutive expression of the BoFLC3 gene in Brassica juncea，but no cold-tolerance changes were observed in AtFT overexpression plants. The results indicated the BoFLC3 should involve in plant cold-tolerance regulation.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Effects of Suboptimum Temperature and Suboptimum PFD in a Short Time on Enzymes Activities and Genes Expression Related to Nitrogen Absorption of the Cucumber Plants
• YAO Juan, LI Yan-Su, GUO Yun-Na, HE Chao-Xing, YAN Yan, YU Xian-Chang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1289-1297.
• Abstract ( 1115 ) HTML ( 1249 ) PDF (369KB) ( 1249 ) 　　　
• Cucumber of‘Zhongnong 106’in fruiting period was used as material，after 7，14 and 21 days treatment of different temperature and light intensity[the normal temperature and light intensity is 25/15 ℃，（700 ± 30）μmol · m-2 · s-1；the suboptimum temperature and light intensity is 18/12 ℃，（200 ±
  20）μmol · m-2 · s-1；the low temperature and weak light is 12/8 ℃；75–100 μmol · m-2 · s-1]，the growth，physiological characteristics and nitrogen absorption of the cucumber were detected. The results showed that，compared with the normal temperature and light intensity，under the suboptimum temperature and light intensity and the low temperature and weak light，the height，leaf area，fruit size and yield of cucumber were significantly decreased. The cucumber root activity，chlorophyll content，fruit quality and glutamine synthetase（GS），glutamate synthase（GOGAT），glutamate dehydrogenase（GDH）activity were decreased with the temperature and light intensity decreasing. Under the suboptimum temperature and light intensity condition，the N content of the cucumber during the fruiting period in the roots，leaves and fruits were declined. The suboptimum temperature and light intensity and the low temperature and weak light treatment reduced the expression of nitrogen transporters protein gene of the cucumber during the fruiting period，and the expression of nitrogen transporters protein gene were suppressed by lower temperature and light intensity. The results indicated that the suboptimum temperature and light intensity may decrease N content by suppressing nitrogen transporters protein gene expression，and then inhibit the growth of cucumber.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Association Analysis of Fusarium wilt Resistance of Core Collection of Watermelon Germplasms Based on SRAP Markers
• YANG Xing-Ping, LIU Guang, HOU Xi-Lin, XU Jin-Hua, ZHANG Man
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1298-1308.
• Abstract ( 1014 ) HTML ( 2067 ) PDF (388KB) ( 2067 ) 　　　
• SRAP technique was applied to analyze the genetic variation and relationships of 35 core collection watermelon germplasms whose Fusarium wilt resistance were evaluated. 46 of 63 SRAP primers generated a total of 445 reproducible bands，262（58.88%）of which were polymorphic，with an average of 9.67 for each pair of primers. Based on the population structure analysis，the association analysis between SRAP markers and Fusarium wilt resistance was performed by using of TASSEL GLM. The population structure analysis showed that 35 watermelon genetic resources were clustered into 3 groups including 1 group of wild-type and 2 groups of cultivar-type. The gene introgression was also discovered in the 2 cultivar-TYPES. The dendrogram result which was constructed by using UPGMA method was consistent with the population structure analysis，with 4 clusters and 5 classes in cluster 2. The dendrogram result indicated that the genetic resources of watermelon with similar resistant level tend to gather together.1 SRAP loci associated with Fusarium wilt resistance character（P < 0.01）was found based on the association analysis，and the explanation rate was 0.2035. The research indicated that SRAP markers was effective to differentiate the population structure of watermelon germplasms，and SRAP loci association with Fusarium wilt resistance could be identified by associated analysis. The outcomes of this study will help us to accelerate the watermelon breeding for disease resistance and molecular marker-assisted breeding.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Variation of Anthocyanin of Colored-flesh Potato Tubers and Measurement of Their Antioxidant Activity During the Tuber Development and Storage
• LI Qian, LIU Jun, XIE Cong-Hua, ZHOU Zhi, QI Ying-Chun, WU Cheng-Jin, SONG Bo-Tao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1309-1317.
• Abstract ( 1055 ) HTML ( 1337 ) PDF (373KB) ( 1337 ) 　　　
• Abstract：The accumulation and variation of anthocyanins components of colored-flesh potato tubers were investigated during tuber development and storage conditions. The results showed that content of anthocyanins and the time points of anthocyanin synthesis were varied in different genotypes during the tuber development. The time points of anthocyanin syntheses beginning and reaching the highest concentration were earlier in genotypes with dark color flesh than that of light color flesh potatoes，and the variation of anthocyanin components was mainly corresponding to the pathway of anthocyanin synthesis in all genotypes. The anthocyanin content showed decreased trend during storage process and no significantly differences were found when tubers were stored under normal and low temperature condition. In addition，the determination of activity of antioxidant indicated that anthocyanins of all colored-flesh potatogenotypes had certain ability to eliminate DPPH· and ABTS⁺ as well as the ability to reduce Fe³⁺，but theantioxidant ability of anthocyanins was significantly varied among genotypes.
• Related Articles | Metrics

Ornamental Plants

• Cloning and Expression Analysis of Actin Gene（lilyActin）from Lily
• LIANG Yun, YUAN Su-Xia, FENG Hui-Ying, XU Lei-Feng, YUAN Ying-Ying, LIU Chun, MING Jun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1318-1326.
• Abstract ( 1216 ) HTML ( 1670 ) PDF (967KB) ( 1670 ) 　　　
• In this study，the objective is to provide a reference gene for gene expression studies of Lilium. Based on the actin gene EST sequence of the cDNA library of Lilium regale Wilson，a full-length cDNA sequence was cloned from Lilium regale Wilson through rapid amplification of cDNA ends（RACE）method and the gene expression characters were analyzed by the real time PCR. The full-length cDNA sequence（GenBank：JX826390）designated as lilyActin from Lilium regale Wilson was 1 367 bp in length，contains a 1 134 bp open reading frame（ORF）encoding a 377 amino acid proteins，with 91 bp in the 5′UTR and 233 bp in the 3′ UTR. Homologous alignment shows that it shares over 80% nucleotide sequence similarity and over 98% amino acid sequence similarity with actins in other plants. The phylogenetic tree reconstructed on the base of amino acid sequences suggests that the relationship of actin between Lilium regale and Tulipa gesneriana is the most intimate. Real time PCR analysis revealed that lilyActin was constantly expressed in various organs of Lilium regale Wilson such as flowers，leaves，bulbs. The results showed that relative to other reference gene lilyActin can be more appropriate for Lilium.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Heterosis and Mixed Genetic Analysis of Branch Traits of Cut Chrysanthemum
• PENG Hui, CHEN Fa-Di, FANG Wei-Min, JIANG Jia-Fu, CHEN Su-Mei, GUAN Zhi-Yong, LIAO Yuan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1327-1336.
• Abstract ( 1191 ) HTML ( 1251 ) PDF (311KB) ( 1251 ) 　　　
• Branch traits are the most important part of ornamental quality on cut chrysanthemum. Heterosis and genetic analysis of branch traits such as primary branch number，branch height will provide a very important guidance for cut chrysanthemum breeding program. In this study，genetic analysis was carried out for four branch traits of cut chrysanthemum based on phenotypic data collected in 2011—2012 from 92 plants of a F1 population derived from the crossing between cut chrysanthemum‘QX-145’（female parent）and‘Nannong Yinshan’（male parent），which have different branching characteristics by applying single generation segregation analysis method of major gene plus polygene mixed genetic model. The result indicated that the 4 branch traits were widely segregated in F1 population with coefficient of variation（CV）ranging from 14.60% to 38.89%. The phenomena of heterosis and extra-parent segregation existed generally in F1 pogeny. Compared with mid-parent value（MPV），the heterosis value of mid-parent （H_m）of the 4 investigated branch traits，except primary branch length，showed a significant difference degree at 0.01 level，and the ratio of heterosis value of mid-parents（RH_m）for the three traits were–21.46%，–46.96%，and – 8.85%，respectively. According to the correlation analyze of branch traits from F1 population，4 pairs of traits were extremely significant correlations among 6 pairs. The mixed genetic analysis suggested that primary branch length and branch angle were fitted to A-0 model and no major gene was detected. The primary branch number and branch height are accorded with A-4 model with a negative complete dominant effect with major gene heritability of 51.45% and 53.92%.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Seed Coat Micromorphology Characteristics of Impatiens L. and Its Systematic Significance
• CAI Xiu-Zhen, YI Ren-Yuan, ZHUANG Yuan-Hong, CONG Yi-Yan, KUANG Ren-Ping, LIU Ke-Ming
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1337-1348.
• Abstract ( 1085 ) HTML ( 1119 ) PDF (2653KB) ( 1119 ) 　　　
• The floral differences among Impatiens L. are so complicated that there are many difficulties in taxonomy of the genus. Seed coat micromorphology characteristics play an important role in providing critical information on systematics. In the present study，the seed coat micromorphology of 24 species of Impatiens from China were observed and compared by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The results showed that seed coat ornamentation in this research could be ascribed into 2 types as reticulate（including fine reticulate，thick reticulate，areolate，carinate and striate subtype）and protrusive（including digitiform，clustered and squamalate subtype），in which thick reticulate subtype was described for the first time. And the variety appeared among the species such as the shape and depth of lumina，width of muri，shape of protrusions，and density of derivatives and so on，could be used to identify the species in Impatiens. The systematic and phylogenetic implications of seed coat micromorphology in Impatiens were discussed. And the possible evolutionary route of seed coat ornamentation was conjectured as well，which suggested that reticulate type was ancestral，others were derivative，and the micromorphological features of seeds could be crucial evidence to locate some species in Impatiens systematically in combine with pollen morphology，micromorphological characters of leaf epidermis and molecular data.
• Related Articles | Metrics

Research Notes

• Differences of Leaf Canopy of Y Frame and Vertical Trellises on Light Intensity and Qualities of Muscat Hamburg Grape
• SHANG Jia-Yin, TIAN Shu-Fen, LI Shu-Hai, ZHU Zhi-Qiang, HUANG Jian-Quan, JI Xian, WANG Dan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1349-1358.
• Abstract ( 1881 ) HTML ( 1399 ) PDF (783KB) ( 1399 ) 　　　
• Six-year-old‘Muscat Hamburg’grape was used as the material to study the difference in relative light intensity，yield distribution of leaf canopy，fruit quality and aromatic compounds between 2 types of grape trellis Y frame and vertical trellises. The results showed that there was significant correlation between light intensity，height and width of leaf canopy. The areas with 0.2–0.6 m and 1.8 m in Y frame showed higher photosynthetic than vertical trellises，but the areas with 1.0–1.4 m were lower than vertical trellises. Total sugar and ascorbic acid content was 16.13% and 8.72 mg · kg^-1 in the fruit of Y frame，which were significantly higher than 14.54%，0.40%，16.12% of vertical trellises. However，the procyanidins in the fruit of Y frame was 4.72 mg · g^-1 that was significantly lower than 6.30 mg · g^-1 of vertical trellises. Thirty-two kinds of aromatic compounds were detected in Muscat Hamburg grape of Y frame，which was significantly higher than thirty kinds of vertical trellises，and there was significant difference in the aromatic compounds contents as well. The relative content of terpenols in the fruit of Y frame was 32.91% that was higher than 6.33% of vertical trellises，and the linalool content in the fruit of Y frame was 5.7 times as much as vertical trellises. These results show that the flavor of grape fruit of Y frame was better than vertical trellises.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Construction and Analysis of Suppression Subtractive Hybridization Library of Red-fleshed Sweet Pomelo
• LIU Shun-Zhi, HUANG Zhong, HU Wei-Rong, JIANG Yue-Ling, WANG Xiao-Lan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1359-1368.
• Abstract ( 1033 ) HTML ( 1355 ) PDF (629KB) ( 1355 ) 　　　
• A forward subtractive cDNA library was constructed through suppression subtractive hybridization（SSH） method with mirror orientation selection，which was performed using the cDNA from wild type‘Guanxi’pomelo（Citrus grandis）as driver，those from its red-flesh mutant as tester. PCR analysis showed that most of the clones with insertions ranged from 100 bp to 1 000 bp. After differential screening through dot hybridization，a total of 102 transcripts represented 44 Unigenes with signal ratios stronger than two times were selected for 2 additional screenings. Homology analysis showed that they
  were found to be involved in diverse biological processes，such as signal transduction，protein synthesis，stress response as well as transport metabolism.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Evaluation on Residue Amount of Paclobutrazol in Peach Fruits
• ZHANG Wei-Yuan, CHEN Jin-Yong, FANG Jin-Bao, GU Hong, ZHAO Chang-Zhu, LIN Miao-Miao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1369-1374.
• Abstract ( 1370 ) HTML ( 1231 ) PDF (251KB) ( 1231 ) 　　　
• In order to evaluate the safety of paclobutrazol applied in peach orchards，the terminal residues in mature fruits of 3 peach varieties with different dosage by soil application（0.0375–0.225g · m^-2）or different consentration by foliar spraying of paclobutrazol were investigated by GC–MS–MS in 2010 and 2011. The results showed that only one treatment with higher foliar spraying concentration（1 250 mg · L^-1 sprayed 2 times）in green-house peach experiment led to the residue amount in mature peach fruits over 0.5 mg · kg^-1，the residue amount of another treatment was less than 0.5 mg · kg^-1，most treatments of soil application was even below 0.05 mg · kg^-1. If according to MRL ≤ 0.5 mg · kg^-1 of paclobutrazol in peach（current MRL of EU），based on canopy projection area，different dosage by soil application（0.0375–0.225 g · m^-2），the residues in mature fruits do not exceed the allowed figure；Paclobutrazol applied by canopy spraying with no higher than 1 500 mg · L^-1 in open orchard or 1 000mg · L^-1 in green-house peach，and no more than 2 times，the residues in mature fruits do not exceed the standard，either.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Genetic Mapping of the Non-lateral Branch Gene（nlb）in Cucumber
• REN Guo-Liang, YANG Xu-Qin, HE Huan-Le, CAI Run, PAN Jun-Song
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1375-1381.
• Abstract ( 1330 ) HTML ( 998 ) PDF (675KB) ( 998 ) 　　　
• A F2 population including 136 individuals derived from the crossing of non-lateral branch line 419（P1）and branch line SB-2（P2），using this F2 population as materials to research on non-lateral branch（nlb）gene mapping of cucumber. We found that F2 population may be divided into lateral branch
  individuals and none lateral branch individuals by field investigation and genetic analysis，and their proportion fit for 3︰1. Constructing none branch and branch gene pools by taking bulked segregant analysis（BSA）which select 10 individuals from F2 non-branch population and branch population
  randomly and mix their DNA respectively. We found 9 simple sequence repeat（SSR）markers which have polymorphism between two gene pools was linked to nlb gene. The F2 population was used on further verification and found molecular marker SSR19673 which is closer to nlb gene with genetic distance 15.9 cM through analysis of software MAPMAKER 3.0，therefore，nlb gene was mapped on the first chromosome of cucumber.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Development of SCAR Marker Identifying the Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Gene in Bunching Onion（Allium fistulosum L.）
• GAO Li-Min, DONG Fei, HUO Yu-Meng, LIU Bing-Jiang, MIAO Jun, CHEN Yun-Qi
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1382-1388.
• Abstract ( 1074 ) HTML ( 2221 ) PDF (325KB) ( 2221 ) 　　　
• Cytoplasmic genetic male-sterility（CMS）is used to produce hybrid bunching onion（Allium fistulosum L.）seeds worldwide. In this paper，we developed one SCAR marker using male sterile line（980238A）and maintainer line （980238B）as sterile and fertile gene pool for the target band screening.This marker was 607 bp in size and designated as S607 which was specifically amplified in the male sterile line，and it could distinguish two cytoplasm types CMS-S（Sterile type）and CMS-N（Normal type）. The SCAR marker was verified in five male sterile lines，five maintainer lines，and four cross combinations，all of these valuations were in accord with their cytoplasmic type（S or N）. The result of this study indicates that the SCAR markers of S607 will greatly contribute to establish a molecular marker assisted breeding program in bunching onion.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Pollen Morphology Observation of 15 Wild Lilies from Four Provinces in Western China
• GU Xin, ZHANG Yan-Long, NIU Li-Xin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1389-1398.
• Abstract ( 1469 ) HTML ( 1529 ) PDF (1870KB) ( 1529 ) 　　　
• Abstract：Pollen morphology of 15 wild lily species from Shaanxi，Sichuan，Gansu and Yunnan in the west of China were examined by the scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that：（1）The pollen grain of all the lilies are ellipsoidal or long ellipsoidal with single germinal furrow except Lilium amoenum，however，the differences of exine ornamentation are significant；（2）L. brownie，L. brownii var. viridulum，L. sargentiae，L. regale，L. leucanthum，L. leucanthum var. centifolium，L. sulphureum，L. davidii and L. lancifolium clustered in the first group and L. bakerianum，L. pumilum，L. nepalense，L. duchartrei and L. danidii var. unicolor belonged to the second group while L. amoenum formed a distinct group using clustering analysis which is accordance with the morphological classification；（3）L. amoenum is obvious different from the others due to its tetrads，therefore L. amoenum is probable to form a subgroup belonging to Sect. Lophophorum based on the comprehensive consideration of morphology，distribution and phytopalynology.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Phylogenetic Research Based on Morphological Characters from DUS Test on Cut Chrysanthemum Cultivars
• GUAN Zhi-Yong, WANG Jiang-Min, CHEN Fa-Di, FANG Wei-Min, CHEN Su-Mei, CHEN Chun-Quan, YU Ji-Yu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1399-1406.
• Abstract ( 1063 ) HTML ( 1399 ) PDF (430KB) ( 1399 ) 　　　
• Eleven multi-variant morphological traits，often used for DUS（Distinctness，Uniformity and Stability）test，of 42 cultivars of cut chrysanthemum were recorded for cluster analysis in order to assess their genetic relationships. And also the effectiveness of this method for assessing the genetic relationship was evaluated，in comparison with the origins and breeding backgrounds of the investigated cultivars. The results indicated that there existed considerable diversities in the 42 cut chrysanthemum cultivars considering the recorded DUS testing traits. The cluster analysis based on the morphological data indicated that the genetic relationships among the investigated cultivars of cut chrysanthemum could be accurately uncovered using the average pair-wise distances between groups.
• Related Articles | Metrics

New Cultivars

• Apple Apomictic Rootstock‘Qingzhen 1’
• SHA Guang-Li, HAO Yu-Jin, GONG Xiang-Hui, SHU Huai-Rui, HUANG Yue, SHAO Yong-Chun, YIN Tao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1407-1408.
• Abstract ( 1631 ) HTML ( 1273 ) PDF (186KB) ( 1273 ) 　　　
• Apomictic apple rootstock‘Qingzhen 1’is obtained by a traditional hybridization breeding approach in 1999. Its maternal and paternal parents are apomictic crabapple‘Pingyitiancha’（Malus hupehensis Rehder）and columnar apple strain‘CO’（Malus × domestica Borkh.），respectively.‘Qingzhen 1’tree is gentleness with a columnar habit. Its apomictic fruit setting ability is high up to 97.0%–98.1%，and therefore it propagated with seeds. The population of one-year-old‘Qingzhen 1’seedlings are uniform in apperance，dwarf in stature and vigorous in growth. As rootstock，the seedlings of‘Qingzhen 1’had a
  good compatibility with scion cultivars, such as‘Gala’，‘Fuji’and‘Jonagold’. As a result，the grafted tree exhibited high resistance to apple branch ring rot and re-plant disease，as well as early flowering，increased fruit yield and good quality. To sum up，‘Qingzhen 1’is suitable to use as apple rootstock in themain production region for apple industry around Bohai Bay and Loess Plateau.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A Middle Ripening Pear Cultivar‘Shannongcui’
• CHEN Xue-Sen, WEI Jing-Li, MAO Zhi-Quan, ZHANG Yan-Min, WU Shu-Jing, FENG Shou-Qian
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1409-1410.
• Abstract ( 1184 ) HTML ( 802 ) PDF (415KB) ( 802 ) 　　　
• ‘Shannongcui’ is a new pear variety breeded from hybrid progenies of ‘Whangkeumbae’and ‘Wonhuwang’. The fruit is round or oblate，its average fruit weight is 445.6 g. It has a yellowish brown background color. Flesh is thin crisp，white. The soluble solids content is 15%. It has a very good quality.The fruit development period is about 150 days. It ripens in late August in Guanxian of Shandong.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• ‘Huawan Wuzi Shatangju’，A Late-maturing Mandarin Cultivar
• QIN Yong-Hua, YE Zi-Xing, HU Gui-Bing, LI Gu-Yu, CHEN Jie-Zhong, LIN Shun-Quan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1411-1412.
• Abstract ( 1317 ) HTML ( 1270 ) PDF (162KB) ( 1270 ) 　　　
• ‘Huawan Wuzi Shatangju’，a new seedless and late-maturing mandarin cultivar，was selected from ‘Wuzi Shatangju’ through bud mutation. Fruit is small，weighing around 45.0 g. The average seed number per fruit is less than 2.0，so it may be regarded as seedless. Fruit are oblate in shape，with an orange thin rind. The pulp is orange red，sweet，fibreless and crisp，containing total soluble solids（TSS）of 14.43%. Its full bloom occurs in middle-late March and fruits are mature in late January to early February，more than 30 days later than‘Wuzi Shatangju’.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Litchi Cultivar‘Bei Tonghong’
• YANG Wan-Qing, ZHU Jian-Hua, LI Yun-Chang, PENG Hong-Xiang, DENG Shan-Neng, XU Ning, QIN Xian-Quan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1413-1414.
• Abstract ( 1138 ) HTML ( 785 ) PDF (191KB) ( 785 ) 　　　
• ‘Bei Tonghong’is a new litchi cultivar that selected from individual variability in Guangxi. The average single fruit weight is 31.6 g，the esculent rate is 75.8%，the small seed rate is 26.7%，and the soluble solids content is 18.1%. The flesh is crisp，and has good quality with a thick sweet taste and rich aroma.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Zucchini Cultivar‘Shengyu 307’
• ZHAO Zhan-Jun, GUO Ming-Hui, CHEN Shu-Xia, CHAI Mei-Qing, GUO Jian-Xin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1415-1416.
• Abstract ( 835 ) HTML ( 963 ) PDF (147KB) ( 963 ) 　　　
• ‘Shengyu 307’is a new middle-early maturing zucchini cultivar derived from the cross ‘DL-01’ב05-4’. The plant growth is strong. Fruit is straight，light green and shiny，about 21.4 cm in length，7.2 cm in diameter. The average single fruit weight is 350 g. It has good commodity quality. This new cultivar has high resistance to powdery mildew，downy mildew and virus disease. It is suitable to be cultivated in the early spring as well as late autumn in sunlight greenhouse and open field in Shanxi Province.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Watermelon Cultivar‘Hongheping’
• FAN Min, ZHANG Rui-Lin, NIU Xiao-Wei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1417-1418.
• Abstract ( 887 ) HTML ( 914 ) PDF (172KB) ( 914 ) 　　　
• t‘Hongheping’ is a new generation of hybrid watermelon germplasm with high yield，resistant to disease，and superior quality. The shape of fruit is spherical and pericarp is green with greenish black stripes on the surface which was covered with wax powder. The flesh is deep red，fine and close，delicious sweet. In normal conditions，the soluble solids content ranges between 11%–12% and the average weight of single fruit is 4–5 kg. So，it is better quality，beautiful appearance，long distance transportation and good merchandise. The whole growth period is 100 d and the fruit development period
  is 30 d. The plants are resistance to blight and tolerance to low temperatures. The yield under filed condition is up to 42 t · hm^-2.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Crisp Flesh Melon Cultivar‘Yongtian 7’
• WANG Yu-Hong, ZANG Quan-Yu, MA 二Lei, DING Wei-Hong, HUANG Fu-Wei-Guo, HUANG Yun-Ping
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1419-1420.
• Abstract ( 885 ) HTML ( 1014 ) PDF (430KB) ( 1014 ) 　　　
• ‘Yongtian 7’is a melon variety with crisp flesh. The fruit is ellipse in shape with single weight of about 1.8 kg. The rind is white and netted densely，flesh is orange. It is of high edible quality with crisp and soft. The Brix in the central part of fruit is over 15%.‘Yongtian 7’has good resistant to gummy stem blight，which is suitable for facilities cultivation in spring and fall in east China with average produce 16.2–36.5 t · hm^-2.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Rosa Cultivar‘Duoqiao’
• ZHANG Lei, DING Yan-Li, BAO Ping-Qiu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1421-1422.
• Abstract ( 855 ) HTML ( 927 ) PDF (225KB) ( 927 ) 　　　
• ‘Duoqiao’is a new rose cultivar. It is a shrub-like rose，has green leaves，double flowers，deep red mixed color，rich aroma，and strong growth potential. It’s flower diameter is 5.1 cm，corymbosa-shaped. It blooms from April to November. It almost does not produce fruit.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Salvia splendens Cultivar‘Baima Wangzi’
• ZHI Li-Ting, WANG Hong-Li, ZHOU Xian-Lin, SHI Ai-Ping, HONG Pei-Pei, LI Juan-Juan, GE Xiu-Xiu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2013, 40(7): 1423-1424.
• Abstract ( 948 ) HTML ( 1114 ) PDF (195KB) ( 1114 ) 　　　
• ‘Baima Wangzi’is a white cultivar bred from the seedling populations of white Salvia splendens，which were grown in the farmhouse of Sanhe City，Hebei Province. The plant height is 53–63 cm and the crown is 68 cm × 61 cm. Its calyx’s color is light green and corolla’s color is white，the inflorescence length is 24–28 cm. The number of flower wheel is 15–17，the distance between wheels is 1.5–1.7 cm and 6 flowers each round. There are at most 102 flowers on single inflorescence and more than 47 inflorescences on the whole plant. During the high temperature in summer in Beijing，it wouldn’t shows defoliation and yellow leaf and floweres normally.
• Related Articles | Metrics