Protein phosphatase gene MdPP2C-Like(MDP0000126636),an important factor that was involved in ABA signal pathway,was cloned from apple(Malus × domestica Borkh.). Gene structure analysis showed that MdPP2C-Like gene contained 5 exons and 4 introns,and it was located on the eighth chromosome of apple genome. After amplification,a 1 035 bp open reading frame(ORF)was obtained. MdPP2C-Like gene encoded a protein of 344 amino acids with a calculated mass of 37.84 kD and an isoelectric point(pI)of 5.72. MdPP2C-Like protein sequence comprised a conserved phosphatase 2C (PP2C)domain,just as group A AtPP2Cs. The phylogenetic tree of the construction indicated that MdPP2C-Like and At4G32950 were located in the same evolutionary branch and had high homology. MdPP2C-Like gene mainly localized in the nucleus,with a few in cytoplasm. The expression level of MdPP2C-Like was different in all apple tissues,with the highest level in roots. Moreover,overexpression of MdPP2C-Like gene in apple callus and Arabidopsis plants reduced the sensitivity to ABA. Taken together,these findings showed that MdPP2C-Like played an important role in response to ABA signaling.
This study cloned calmodulin gene of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnut(Corylus heterophylla × C. avellana),and further analyzed sequence features and expression characteristics,which is helpful to understand the role of calmodulin gene in the self-incompatibility reaction in Corylus. Based on the RNA-seq data,the calmodulin gene was cloned using RACE technique in the main cultivar‘Dawei’of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnut. The bioinformatic characteristics of the ChaCaM were analyzed using online service. The expression profiles of ChaCaM in various tissues and the pistils at different time after self-incompatibility pollination were investigated by using quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR). ChaCaM was submitted to GenBank with accession number KY211037. This gene contains a 450 bp open reading frame(ORF)that encodes 149 amino acid residues. The molecular weight of ChaCaM was 16.8476 kD. Bioinformatics analysis showed that ChaCaM was an acidic stable hydrophobic protein,without transmembrane domain and signal peptide present. ChaCaM was mainly located in the cytoplasmic matrix,and it contained several phosphorylation sites and glycosylation sites. Sequence analysis showed that ChaCaM contained two EFh domains,which were similar to CaM from other species. Phylogenetic analysis showed that ChaCaM was closely related to CaM in tobacco,cocoa and radish,and affiliated to the same branch with CaM in other species. Gene expression analysis showed that ChaCaM presented tissue specific expression,especially were significantly changed in the pistils after self- incompatibility pollination. ChaCaM gene has typical characteristics of calmodulin gene,and is mainly located in the cytoplasmic matrix. It belongs to constitutive expression,which may participate in self-incompatibility regulation in Corylus.
‘Zaofu 1’is a new apple variety selected from‘Fuji’,which was introduced in 2002 from Japan. The fruit shape is short conic. The average fruit mass is 173 g,the largest is 210 g. The flavor is nice taste,with typical fruit aroma. It has high quality(SSC 15.06% and TA 0.26%)and relatively long storage life. The ripening date is at the end of August. The tree is early-bearing and has high and constant yield.
‘Changhua Ziyu’is a new mid-late ripening sweet cherry cultivar. It is obtained from naturally pollinated seeds of‘Stella’through embryo rescue. The fruit development period is 60–65 days. The fruit is wide heart shape,with purple red skin. The average fruit weight is 8.5 g,and the biggest one is 10.6 g. The flesh is red,crisp,juicy and firm. It is delicious with 20% soluble solids content. It is self-fruitful with high yield,strong resistance to cold and disease.