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2017, Vol.44, No.7 Previous Issue Next Issue

Research Papers

Apple Peptide Hormone and Its Coding Gene MdCEP1 Regulate Root Development in Arabidopsis thaliana
LI Rui，LI Haohao，AN Jianping，YOU Chunxiang，WANG Xiaofei*，and HAO Yujin*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1225-1234. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0149
Abstract ( 531 ) HTML ( 1289 ) PDF (1987KB) ( 1289 ) 　　　
Plant peptide hormones are small cleavage products of precursor peptides. A peptide
hormone gene named MdCEP1 was cloned from Malus × domestica‘Royal Gala’. The mechanism of
MdCEP1 on the growth and development of apple roots was discussed. The Open Reading Frame（ORF）
of MdCEP1 contained 366 bp，encoding 121 amino acid residues. Phylogenetic tree indicated that
MdCEP1 had the highest evolutionary relationship with PbCEP1 from pear. The qRT-PCR analysis
indicated that MdCEP1 had higher expression levels in apple root and stem compared with those in fruit and leaves. Additionally，MdCEP1 expression was negatively regulated by auxin concentration. The
synthetic peptide MdCEP1pHyp could inhibit the development of the root system of Arabidopsis
significantly. The main root was short and the number of lateral roots decreased. The ectopic expression of
MdCEP1 in Arabidopsis also showed a phenotype of reduced taproot and reduced number of lateral roots.
qRT-PCR analysis showed that the auxin related genes were significantly down regulated in exogenous
MdCEP1pHyp treatment and over expression of MdCEP1 in Arabidopsis. The results indicated that
MdCEP1 played a negative role in the growth and development of apple roots.
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Expression Analysis and Functional Identification of a Vacuolar Sucrose Transporter Gene MdSUT4 in Apple
XU Haifeng，QU Changzhi，LIU Jingxuan，WANG Yicheng，WANG Deyun，ZUO Weifang，JIANG Shenghui，WANG Nan，ZHANG Zongying，and CHEN Xuesen*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1235-1243. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0726
Abstract ( 335 ) HTML ( 818 ) PDF (1525KB) ( 818 ) 　　　
MdSUT4 was cloned from‘Hongcui 1’apple and the recombinant protein was obtained by
the prokaryotic induction technology，then，it was analyzed using bio-information. The expression level of
MdSUT4 in different tissues and different development stages were studied by the qRT-PCR，and we also
identified the function of MdSUT4 by the subcellular localization and transgenosis. The results showed that
the molecular mass of MdSUT4 was about 55 kD，it was located in the chromosome 8 of the apple
genome，included 5 exons and 4 introns. A phylogenetic tree indicated MdSUT4，AtSUC4 and PpSUT4
were located in the same evolutionary branch. The qRT-PCR showed that the MdSUT4 has the higher expression level in flowers，leaves and young fruits of apples，and its expression had a significant negative
correlation with the content of sucrose during the development stage of fruits. The promoter of MdSUT4
contained several typical cis-acting elements ， including sugar signaling responsive elements and
phytohormone responsive elements. We overexpressed MdSUT4 in‘Orin’callus，then found that it could
increase the content of flavonoid and decrease the content of sucrose. MdSUT4 was located in the
tonoplast of‘Orin’callus. These results indicated that MdSUT4 might participate in the efflux of sucrose
from the vacuole and promote the synthesis of flavonoid.
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Effects of Boron on Absorption，Utilization and Distribution of Nitratenitrogen of Malus hupehensis Seedlings
WANG Fen，TIAN Ge，LIU Jingjing，YU Bo，GE Shunfeng*，and JIANG Yuanmao*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1244-1250. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0729
Abstract ( 311 ) HTML ( 712 ) PDF (684KB) ( 712 ) 　　　
Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings were used as test materials，study the effect of different
boron concentrations（0，1.0，2.0，3.0，4.0，5.0 and 6.0 mg · L-1 boric acid）to Malus hupehensis Rehd.
seedlings root growth，nitrogen uptake，utilization and distribution using 15N isotope tracer and
non-damage microtest techniques. The results showed that root vigor and root morphological index of
seedlings treated with 3.0 mg · L-1 boric acid treatment were significantly higher than those of other
treatments. Compared with the control，the total N and 15N uptake of 3.0 mg · L-1 boric acid treatment
increased by 19.4% and 75.0%，respectively. With the increase of boron supply，the nitrogen use efficiency
of plants increased first and then decreased，and it was 14.8% at 3.0 mg · L-1 boric acid treatment，which was 1.8 times of the control. The effect of boron treatment on the 15N partitioning rate of seedlings was
significant，and the root partition rate of 3.0 mg · L-1 boric acid treatment was the highest and significantly
higher than that of the control. The results of non-damage microtest showed that the root absorption of
NO3
- was strong and the influx velocity was the highest in 3.0 mg · L-1 boric acid treatment，and obvious
efflux in the treatments of boron deficiency（0 mg · L-1 boric acid） and high boron（6.0 mg · L-1 boric
acid）. Therefore，3.0 mg · L-1 boric acid treatment was most beneficial to the root growth，root activity and
nitrogen absorption and utilization of Malus hupehensis，while low boron and excess boron could inhibit
roots growth and nitrogen uptake and utilization.
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Cloning，Sub-cellular Localization and Functional Analysis of the PcNAC1 Gene with NAC Transcription Factor from Pyrus calleryana
KAN Jialiang1,2，MA Na2，WANG Tong3，LIU Tingli3，WANG Jinyan3，YANG Yuwen3，LIN Jing2,*，and CHANG Youhong2,*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1251-1262. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0950
Abstract ( 242 ) HTML ( 1125 ) PDF (3904KB) ( 1125 ) 　　　
Up-regulated expression NAC transcription factor was selected from transcriptome
sequencing data of Pyrus calleryana Decne infected by Pear black spot. Full length gene was polymerized
and entitled as PcNAC1. The open reading frame（ORF）consists on 792 bp nucleotides encoding 263
amino acids polypeptide. Comparison of PcNAC1 with peptide sequences of NAC transcription factors
protein family and phylogenetic analysis revealed the highest homology of PcNAC1 with TaNAC4 in
Triticum aestivu and ATAF1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. It revealed by Quantitative Real-time PCR that the expression of PcNAC1 was high in stem，leaf and root of Pyrus calleryana Decne but very low expression
in flower and fruit. We synthesized a sub-cellular localization vector to get the transient expression in
Nicotiana benthamiana. By confocal laser scanning microscopy it was observed that the fusion protein was
localized in nucleus. Furthermore，we infected transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana with Phytophthora
parasitica，it was obvious that PcNAC1 enhanced the disease resistance in plant by triggering the
expression of pathways of defense response plant hormone genes.
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Effects of Grafting on MicroRNAs Expression in Citrus
XU Yuanyuan1，ZHU Shiping1，LIU Xiaona1，LI Qingping2，and ZHAO Xiaochun1,*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1263-1274. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0103
Abstract ( 297 ) HTML ( 632 ) PDF (718KB) ( 632 ) 　　　
microRNAs play the important roles in regulation of plant growth and development，
responding to biotic and abiotics tresses，and signal transduction. In this study，the seedlings of‘Jincheng’
orange（Citrus sinensis Osbeck），‘Ziyang Xiangcheng’（C. junos Sied. ex Tanaka），and Flying dragon
（Poncirus trifoliata Raf.），and the grafted plants of‘Jincheng/Ziyang Xiangcheng’，‘Jincheng/Flying
Dragon’were used as materials to analyze the expression profiles of microRNAs and their target genes
before and after grafting. Fluorescence quantitative PCRs were performed to compare the expression of
miRNAs and their target genes in the leaves and roots to identify the difference on miRNA expression
between scion and rootstock. The results indicated that the grafting significantly affected the expression of
microRNAs and their target genes in both scions and rootstocks. In the leaves of scion，effect of grafting
more likely prompted the expression of microRNAs and suppressed their target genes expression involved
in the regulation of plant growth and development，stress response and hormone signal transduction. In the
roots of rootstock，effect of grafting tended to suppress the expression of miRNAs related to the regulation of plant growth and development，and stress response. The varieties of microRNAs and the level of
expression were significantly different between the two rootstocks.
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ARTICLE

Cloning of the Light Harvesting Chlorophyll a/b Binding Protein Gene （MiCAB2）from‘Jinhuang’Mango，and Correlation Analysis Between Its Expression and Flowering Regulation
HE Junhu1，LI Weizheng1,2,*，CHEN Huarui1，ZHAO Xiaoqing1，and ZHU Min1
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1275-1286. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0762
Abstract ( 182 ) HTML ( 774 ) PDF (2520KB) ( 774 ) 　　　
A chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins（CAB）gene，designated as MiCAB2（GenBank
accession No. KT944730），was isolated from mango（Mangifera indica L.‘Jinhuang’）by reverse
transcription PCR and RACE technologies. The full-length of cDNA was 990 bp with an open reading
frame of 795 bp and encoded a putative protein of 246 amino acids. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed
that MiCAB2 had the highest similarity with CAB from Canarium album. In addition，the amino acid
sequences encoded by MiCAB2 contained a typical functional domains of the chlorophyll a/b binding protein，three protein kinase C phosphorylation sites and four N-myristoylation sites，indicating that
MiCAB2 might belong to the family of chlorophyll a/b binding protein. Real-time quantitative PCR
revealed that MiCAB2 was expressed in various tissues of M. indica L. differentially，with ranking by
leaves > flowers，embryo and fruit（about 1/50–1/12 of leaves）> roots and stems（very little）. During
the fruit development，MiCAB2 transcript initiated at bud swelling period，sharply increased to maximum
at floral axis separation period，and followed by a overall decline. In normal embryo，a higher MiCAB2
expression appeared in initial period of embryonic development，then decreased，and recovered to a higher
level before a next sharp decline. A continuous decline in MiCAB2 expression was observed in abortive
embryos. In the alternation of day and night，MiCAB2 transcripts in the day was significantly higher than
that in the night，in which minimum at 10：00 pm o’clock，but highest at in 2：00 pm，MiCAB2 gene can
be induced by different agents of flower forcing by which that ethephon exerted the most positive
regulation followed by potassium nitrate. In contrast，paclobutrazol exhibited the multiple play a role of
negative regulation effect.
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Transcriptomic Analysis on Pathogenesis of Witches’ Broom Disease in Ziziphus jujuba
ZHANG Shuyi，ZHANG Zhong，ZHANG Chunmei，LI Huan，and LI Xingang*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1287-1298. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0024
Abstract ( 311 ) HTML ( 1030 ) PDF (1879KB) ( 1030 ) 　　　
This research used healthy and infected Ziziphus jujuba Mill.‘Muzao’to investigate the
pathogenicity and mechanism of Jujube witches’ broom disease. Five endogenous hormones（IAA，Zeatin，
SA，ABA，and GA3）content and three antioxidant enzymes（POD，SOD，CAT）activities were determined
at 10–60 days after flower bud stage. The differentially expressed genes（DGEs）were screened by
transcriptome sequencing. Genes associated with hormones and protective enzymes metabolic pathways
were identified using qRT-PCR. The results showed that the Zeatin and SA contents of infected plants
began to increase significantly at 30 d and 50 d，respectively，after flower bud stage；the CAT activity
tended to decrease first，and increased significantly at 60 d after flower bud stage. Based on transcriptome
analysis，1 669 DGEs were identified unique in the diseased plants，among which 1 114 DGEs were up-regulated genes and 555 were down-regulated ones. GO analysis indicated significant enrichment in
biological process，metabolic process and catalytic activity；and KEGG pathway analysis showed
significant enrichment in biosythesis of secondary metabolites. Among the differentially expressed genes，
15 key genes were screened to be related to the metabolism of hormones and protective enzymes. The
results indicated that the expression of ZjNCED，ZjGA20，ZjPAL，ZjPOD2 and ZjPOD5 was consistent
with the change of the hormone content and the protective enzyme activity shown by qRT-PCR，which
suggested that they may play important roles in the dynamic changes of endogenous hormones content and
protective enzyme activity in infected plants. The changes in gene expression and disorder of hormones
and protective enzymes caused by phytoplasma infection may be the cause of deformity in jujube.
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Analysis of the Protein Interaction of eIF(iso)4E.a/c with TuMV-C4/UK1 in Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis
LI Guoliang*，QIAN Wei*，ZHANG Shujiang，LI Fei，ZHANG Shifan，ZHANG Hui，XIE Lulu，WU Jian，WANG Xiaowu，and SUN Rifei**
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1299-1308. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0168
Abstract ( 578 ) HTML ( 2040 ) PDF (2461KB) ( 2040 ) 　　　
To clarify the expression characteristics of eukaryotic initiation factors [eIF(iso)4E] and
the interaction relationship of eIF(iso)4E with TuMV VPg，the eIF(iso)4E.a and eIF(iso)4E.c genes were
cloned from the Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis materials‘Jizaochun’and‘BP8407’，respectively. Both of
the two genes could encode 200 amino acids. The yeast two-hybridand bimolecular fluorescence
complementation（BiFC）results showed that TuMV-C4 could only interact with eIF(iso)4E.a，instead of
eIF(iso)4E.c；the TuMV-UK1 could only interact with eIF(iso)4E.c，instead of eIF(iso)4E.a. Analyzing the amino acid sequence and the domain tertiary structure of eIF(iso)4E protein revealed that it contained the
cap-reception site. There were 20 different amino acids between eIF(iso)4E.a and eIF(iso)4E.c，17 of
which were located in the cap-reception site（accounting for 85%）. Through aligning the TuMV-C4/UK1
VPg amino acid sequences，four different amino acids were found；and after comparative analyzing the
sequences from different TuMV strains，the frequency of the amino acids had certain selectivity in the four
amino acid points.
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Development and Application of High-throughput SNP Markers for Ogura-CMS Fertility Restorer Gene in Radish
WANG Qingbiao，ZHANG Li*，WEN Changlong，and YANG Jingjing
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1309-1318. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0099
Abstract ( 394 ) HTML ( 1089 ) PDF (1596KB) ( 1089 ) 　　　
Based on the nucleotide sequences of Rfo related to the Ogura-CMS fertility restorer gene
in radish，the SNP（Single nucleotide polymorphism）marker named Rfo-SNP1 was developed by use of
KASP（kompetitive allele specific PCR）technology. The genotypes of fertility restorer gene in 24 radish
varieties including 304 plants were identified using the Rfo-SNP1 marker. The results showed that 289
plants were screened out accounting for 95.07% of the whole population. And 110 plants had the recessive
homozygous genotype（rfrf）taking up 36.18%. The dominant homozygous genotype（RfRf）and the
heterozygous genotype（Rfrf）appeared respectively in 156 plants and 23 plants. In 23 fertile varieties，12
varieties had the rfrf genotype，which implied that the 12 varieties might be the candidates of maintainer
lines for breeding sterile lines. The accuracy of Rfo-SNP1 markers was further verified by PCR-RFLP and backcross populations. Six male sterile lines and maintainer lines of radish have been developed through
this procedure.
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Effects of Salicylic Acid on Fatty Acid Compositions in the Roots of Cucumber Seedlings Under Low Temperature
DONG Chunjuan，CAO Ning，and SHANG Qingmao*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1319-1326. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0153
Abstract ( 319 ) HTML ( 734 ) PDF (680KB) ( 734 ) 　　　
To explore the effects of salicylic acid（SA）on fatty acid compositions in the roots of
cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）seedlings under low temperature，the changes in total fatty acid contents
and relative content of each composition，as well as expression levels of fatty acid desaturase（CsFAD）
genes were detected. The results showed that under low temperature，total fatty acid contents increased in
the roots of cucumber seedlings. The relative abundance of major saturated fatty acids（C16︰0 and C18︰
0）increased，while the main unsaturated fatty acid（C18︰3）decreased upon low temperature stress，and
thereby，the unsaturation degree and double bond index of fatty acid were reduced. After exogenous SA of fatty acid was restored. Low temperature could repress the expression of CsFAB2.1 ，CsFAB2.2
application，total fatty acid content did not show a significant difference. However，the relative abundances
of saturated fatty acids were decreased，while the unsaturated fatty acids were elevated，and therefore，the
unsaturation degree of fatty acid was restored. Low temperature could repress the expression of CsFAB2.1，
CsFAB2.2 and CsFAD5，and induce the expression of CsFAD3 and CsFAD7 in the roots. After SA
application，the inhibition of CsFAB2.1，CsFAB2.2 and CsFAB2.3 were released. The expression of
CsFAD2.1 was also significantly induced. In summary，under low temperature，exogenous application of
SA could induce the expression of CsFAD genes to increase the unsaturation degree of fatty acids，and
thereby remain the stability of cell membranes in the roots of cucumber seedlings，and finally increase the
cold stress tolerance of seedlings.
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Research Papers

Analysis of Anthocyanin and Apigenin Contents and the Expression Profiles of Biosynthesis-related Genes in the Purple and Non-purple Varieties of Celery
TAN Guofei，WANG Feng，MA Jing，ZHANG Xinyue，and XIONG Aisheng*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1327-1334. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0221
Abstract ( 372 ) HTML ( 1079 ) PDF (2051KB) ( 1079 ) 　　　
In higher plant，biosynthesis of anthocyanin and apigenin share common precursor. In this
study，petioles of non-purple celery，‘Liuhe Huangxin Qin’and purple celery，‘Nanxuan Liuhe Ziqin’
（selected from‘Liuhe Huangxin Qin’）were used as materials for anthocyanin and apigenin biosynthesis
research. The expression levels of anthocyanin and apigenin biosynthesis related genes（AgPAL，AgC4H，
AgCHS，AgCHI，AgF3H，AgF3’H，AgDFR，AgANS and Ag3GT genes）were also detected using qRT-PCR.
The results showed that anthocyanins could not detected in the petioles of‘Liuhe Huangxin Qin’，and 0.0523 mg · g-1 FW in ‘Nanxuan Liuhe Ziqin’. Amounts of 0.0172 mg · g-1 FW apigenin in‘Liuhe
Huangxin Qin’and 0.0124 mg · g-1 FW apigenin in‘Nanxuan Liuhe Ziqin’were detected each per gram
fresh materials. qRT-PCR results showed that except for AgFNS gene，the expression levels of AgPAL，
AgC4H，AgCHS，AgCHI，AgF3H，AgF3’H，AgDFR，AgANS and Ag3GT genes were significant or very
significant higher in the petioles of‘Nanxuan Liuhe Ziqin’than that in the petioles of‘Liuhe Huangxin
Qin’. The expression level of AgFNS gene in the petioles of‘Liuhe Huangxin Qin’was 11.69 times
than that in the petioles of‘Nanxuan Liuhe Ziqin’.
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ARTICLE

Cloning and Expression of the BrPIP1 Gene in Brassica rapa subsp. rapa ‘Tsuda’Under Abiotic Stress
SONG Shan，MA Xuan，and YAN Haifang*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1335-1343. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0187
Abstract ( 274 ) HTML ( 514 ) PDF (1042KB) ( 514 ) 　　　
In this study，we cloned the plasma membrane intrinsic proteins1（PIP1）gene from
Brassica rapa‘Tsuda’，which was designated as BrPIP1 with the accession number of KJ173685 in the
NCBI GenBank. The full cDNA sequence of the BrPIP1 gene has 1 056 base pairs，containing an open
reading frame of 861 bp encoding a protein of 286 amino acids. We determined the expression of the
BrPIP1 gene in different tissues and under different abiotic stress conditions ， such as extreme
temperature，dehydration，adverse osmosis，abscisic acid（ABA）and salt stress by quantitative-PCR
analysis. The results demonstrated that the highest expression levels of the BrPIP1 gene could be reached
in the petal，followed by the bud，with tissue specificity. The expression of the BrPIP1 gene was
upregulated under the aforementioned stress conditions，suggesting that the BrPIP1 gene may play a role
in response of abiotic stresses.
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Research Papers

Analysis of Freezing Tolerances and Its Physiological Differences of Two Rosa Species During the Overwintering
LIU Qiang，YANG Shuhua*，JIA Ruidong，ZHAO Xin，and GE Hong*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1344-1354. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0880
Abstract ( 401 ) HTML ( 590 ) PDF (2061KB) ( 590 ) 　　　
To study the changes of freezing tolerance and its physiological basis of annual leaves and
shoots of Rosa beggeriana and R. fortuneana，the cold hardiness was estimated by the semi-lethal
temperature（LT50），which was assessed by electrolyte leakage rate with Logistic equation，the
accumulation of starches in stems was observed by periodic acid-shiff staining and the contents of relative
water，malondialdehyde，soluble sugars，proline，ABA and activities of SOD，POD and CAT were
measured. The results showed that the freezing tolerances of leaves of two Rosa species were similar，but
the shoots of R. beggeriana exhibited stronger cold hardiness than that of R. fortuneana. Compared with R.
fortuneana，R. beggeriana accumulated more soluble sugars at the beginning of cold acclimation，which
transported to shoots and stored as starch under the possible signaling regulation by increased ABA content before defoliation and hydrolyzed as soluble sugars at the midwinter to sustain osmotic balance，and
depended on higher activity of SOD to maintain redox balance，while the higher content of proline and
POD activity observed in the shoots of R. fortuneana could not sustain the osmotic and redox balance，
which led to more damage of membrane lipid peroxidation and weaker hardiness eventually.
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Research Notes

Accuracy Test of Four Molecular Markers of Glomerella Leaf Spot Resistant Gene in Apple Cultivars
LIU Chunxiao1，LAN Jinhao2，HOU Hongmin1，ZHANG Yugang1，DAI Hongyi1，and LIU Yuanxia1,*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1355-1362. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0047
Abstract ( 220 ) HTML ( 871 ) PDF (1690KB) ( 871 ) 　　　
In the present study，the accuracy of the four molecular markers tightly linked with Rgls
locus，S0405127（SSR），S0304673（SSR），SNP4236，and InDel4254 were tested based on the resistant
phenotypic and genotypic identification of 50 apple cultivars. The results indicated that the accuracy of the
four molecular markers were 90%，94%，96%，92%，respectively. The study could provide breeders an
effective method to speed up breeding program by using these molecular markers for the pre-selection of
the hybrid seedlings resistant to the Glomerella leaf spot in apple.
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The Molecular Mechanism of the Impacts of Illumination on Litchi Fruit Coloration and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis
WEI Yongzan1，HU Fuchu2，ZHENG Xuewen1，SHI Shengyou1，DONG Chen1，WANG Yi1，and LI Weicai1,*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1363-1370. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0717
Abstract ( 642 ) HTML ( 691 ) PDF (1076KB) ( 691 ) 　　　
The effects of bagging and debagging treatments on fruit coloration and anthocyanin
biosynthesis were explored，and the molecular mechanism of light regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis was
discussed. In this study，litchi‘Guiwei’was used as material to investigate the effects of light on fruit
coloration and expressions of structural genes and MYB transcription factor in anthocyanin biosynthetic
pathway by shading fruit panicles with double-layer kraft paper bag and debagging at one week before harvest. Anthocyanin biosynthesis was suppressed completely，and all the tested structural genes and MYB
transcription factor were down-regulated in the pericarp of bagged fruits. After bag removal，the content of
anthocyanin in pericarp increased rapidly within a week. All genes tested were up-regulated after exposure
to light during fruit maturation and coloration，but the peaks of their expressions occurred at different
period. Among the genes tested，the expressions of LcDFR，LcF3'H，LcUFGT，and LcMYB1 were
paralleled with the pericarp anthocyanin accumulation. These results suggested that illumination was essential
for expression of the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes and therefore pigmentation. LcDFR，LcF3'H，
LcUFGT and LcMYB1 might play important roles in process of light regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis.
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Genetic Effect Analysis of QTLs Conferring Fruit Firmness in Tomato
YANG Tao，YANG Shengbao，TANG Yaping，LI Ning，XU Juan，WANG Baike，PATIGULI，and YU Qinghui*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1371-1378. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0018
Abstract ( 352 ) HTML ( 730 ) PDF (718KB) ( 730 ) 　　　
Tomato fruit firmness was investigated by using 12 introgression lines derived from the
wild tomato species Solanum pennellii LA716. First filial generation which was assigned as ILH
（Introgression line hybrid）was obtained by crossing ILs with the processing tomato M82 and ILab
（Introgression line a × Introgression line b）was gained by incomplete diallel design method. Fruit
firmness was tested by flat-plate compression. Our results showed that the QTL and their interaction for
tomato red fruit firmness were inherited as over-dominant，dominant as well as with additive effect. The
QTL interaction of Crf8 harbored by the IL 8-2-1 and the combination of IL 10-3 × IL 8-2-1（Crf10 +
Crf8）need further confirmation.
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Cloning and Expression Analyzing of CmGnT Gene in Melon Under Abiotic Stresses
ZHANG Ruiteng1,2，FU Qiushi1，ZHANG Lei3，LI Shuangtao3，GUO Yangdong3，ZHANG Hong4， LI Lingzhi2，LI Haiping2,*，and WANG Huaisong1,*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1379-1387. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0932
Abstract ( 234 ) HTML ( 1229 ) PDF (2616KB) ( 1229 ) 　　　
The aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
gene（CmGnT）in melon under abiotic stresses. Primers were designed according to cDNA sequence of
melon，and CmGnT was cloned by using RT-PCR technique. The full-length cDNA of CmGnT was 2 193
bp，and the open reading frame（ORF）was 1 179 bp，encoding 392 amino acids. The molecular weight of
CmGnT protein was about 46 kD，and the theoretical isoelectric point（pI）was 7.93. Protein structure analysis showed that CmGnT contained the β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase domain ， which
belonged to the glycosyltransferases 17 family. The protein had 1 strong transmembrane helices.
Phylogenetic analysis showed that CmGnT and CsGnT（accession number：XP_004135275.1）had the
closest genetic relationship，and the homology was 99.74%. Homology with watermelon was 97.70%.
qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expressions of CmGnT in leaf were significantly up-regulated under
NaCl，PEG，H2O2 and ABA stresses，which indicated that CmGnT was induced by abiotic stresses. The
results suggested that this gene in melon played an important role in response to abiotic stresses.
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Cloning of ACC Oxidase Gene from Narcissus tazetta var.‘Yunxiang’and Its Transformation
SUN Shenshen，WEN Xiuping，YANG Feiying，SHEN Yanhong，and CHEN Xiaojing*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1388-1396. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0884
Abstract ( 284 ) HTML ( 550 ) PDF (3227KB) ( 550 ) 　　　
ACC oxidase（ACO）is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis pathway of ethylene. In order to
explore the characteristics and function of the ACO gene in narcissus，the following work has been done in
this study. Petals of Narcissus tazetta var.‘Yunxiang’were used as experimental materials，a full-length
1 162 bp sequence was obtained by RT-PCR and named as NtACO1（GenBank KX082935）. The open
reading frame（ORF）length of NtACO1 is 939 bp，which encodes 312 amino acids. Amino acid domain
analysis showed that this gene has DIOX_N and 20G-FeⅡ_Oxy domains and was identified as a member
of the ACO protein family. Molecular phylogenetic tree analysis showed that ACO gene of‘Yunxiang’was
closely related to that of Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis. qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of
NtACO1 increased gradually with Narcissus flower development and senescence，and the expression level
in the petals were higher than that in contemporaneous coronas，indicating that the NtACO1 gene may be involved in the flower development and senescence of‘Yunxiang’. We obtained several NtACO1
overexpression transgenic tobacco plants using the Agrobacterium mediated. Compared with wild type，the
vegetative growth stage of transgenic tobaccos was reduced，as well as the transgenic tobaccos showed
early flowering and less leaves. This study lays an experimental foundation for further research on the
function of ACO gene and provide a theoretical basis for the molecular breeding in prolonging plant
florescence of Narcissus.
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Overexpression of CcCBFb from Cinnamomum camphora Confers Multiple Stress Tolerance to Tobacco
ZHANG Jiajia，ZHU Fengling，JIAO Xiaolin，LI Yongpeng，WANG Jiange，ZHOU Chan，and DU Li*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1397-1404. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0862
Abstract ( 180 ) HTML ( 552 ) PDF (2842KB) ( 552 ) 　　　
In order to explore the function of CcCBFb gene from Cinnamomum camphora，the effect
of over-expression of this gene on abiotic stress resistance improvement is assessed by using transgenic
tobacco. With the identification of positive transgenic tobacco by PCR and semi-quantitative RT-PCR
technique，T1 clonal transgenic tobacco（Line 2 and Line 4）and wild type（WT）would be treated under
the drought，salinity，low temperature and freezing stress. The results showed that survival rate of
transgenic tobacco（Line 2 and Line 4）seedling was better to wild tobacco under drought，salinity stress.
The proline and soluble sugar content of transgenic tobacco plants（Line 2 and Line 4）was higher than
wild tobacco but the content of MDA was lower than wild tobacco under low temperature（4 ℃）treatment.
WT and Line 4 had the different degree wilting but the Line 2 had a good growth status under the freezing
treatment （–4 ℃）with 6 h. So，the overexpression of CcCBFb from camphor tree conferred tobacco plants enhanced the tolerance to cold，drought and salinity stress.
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New Technologies and New Methods

Establishment and Application of Duplex RT-PCR for the Detection of Citrus yellow vein clearing virus and Citrus tristeza virus
ZHAO Hengyan，GUAN Guijing，ZHOU Changyong，YU Yunqi，WANG Hongsu，LI Zhongan，and LIU Jinxiang*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1405-1414. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0101
Abstract ( 313 ) HTML ( 1154 ) PDF (594KB) ( 1154 ) 　　　
Citrus yellow vein clearing virus（CYVCV）and Citrus tristeza virus（CTV），which are
transmittedby insects，are often mixed infectionon citrus plants. Specific primers for RT-PCR were used
according to the nucleotide sequences of coat protein genes（for both CYVCV and CTV）and Ubiquitin
gene to conduct One-step duplex RT-PCR. Simultaneously，key reaction factors such as the concentration
（Mg2+，dNTPs and primers）and annealing temperature were optimized.The specific fragments of 614 bp
（CYVCV），373 bp（CTV）and 194 bp（Ubiquitin）were amplified successfully from the sample by the
duplex RT-PCR system. Cloning and sequencing results showed that they shared high nucleotide identity
with sequences deposited in GenBank. In addition，the sensibility assay showed that this One-step duplex
RT-PCR could detect CYVCV and CTV from 40 ng · μL-1 and 4 ng · μL-1 of total nucleic acids，and its sensitivity was consistent with that of the regular One-step RT-PCR. Finally，this detection system was
used to detect the infection of both CYVCV and CTV from 33 field samples. Results also revealed that the
infection rate of CYVCV and CTV were 54.5% and 66.7%，respectively，and the co-infected rate came out
to be 36.4%. In conclusion，this One-step duplex RT-PCR system was suitable for rapid detection of both
CYVCV and CTV from a large number of field samples.
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New Cultivars

A New Nectarine Cultivar‘Hongyu’
ZHANG Jinyun1，PAN Haifa1，GAO Zhenghui1，SUN Zhixiang2，YI Xingkai1，QI Yongjie1，QIN Gaihua1，ZHANG Xiaoling3，GUO Chuanxiang1，SHU Bing1，and XU Yiliu4,*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1415-1416. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0759
Abstract ( 300 ) HTML ( 665 ) PDF (2177KB) ( 665 ) 　　　
‘Hongyu’is a new early-ripening yellow flesh nectarine cultivar which selected from
mutation of‘Zhong Youtao 9’. The fruit is nearly round in shape，weighing 152 g on average and 223 g on
maximum. The fruits are top dimple，middle part mid-depth，carpopodium thick and short，stems broad and
deep. Over 80% of the skin is covered by red，when maturing. The flesh is orange-yellow，hard-melting
and succulent crisp，sweet and sour. The juicy contain 9.45% soluble solids，flesh firmness is 9.46 kg · cm-2.
The stone is cling and nuclear stick. Fruit shelf life of‘Hongyu’is 3–5 d longer than that of‘Zhong
Youtao 9’the. The fruit is ripening around June 10th，and fruit development period is about 75 days in
Dangshan under open-field condition. It is suitable for protected cultivation.
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A New Strawberry Cultivar‘Fenhong Gongzhu’with Pink Peel
CHANG Linlin，DONG Jing，ZHONG Chuanfei，ZHANG Hongli，WEI Yongqing，SUN Jian，SUN Rui，SHI Kun，WANG Guixia*，and ZHANG Yuntao*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1417-1418. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0843
Abstract ( 988 ) HTML ( 506 ) PDF (932KB) ( 506 ) 　　　
‘Fenhong Gongzhu’is a new strawberry（Fragaria × ananassa）cultivar bred from the cross
of‘Akihime’and‘Gaviota’. The fruit is cone-shaped or wedge-shaped. The average fruit weight is 20.5
g and the largest fruit weight is 43 g. It has pink peel，bright luster and excellent flavor. The content of
soluble solids，vitamin C，total reducing sugar，total titratable acid and hardness is 10.4%，0.589 mg · g-1，
4.25%，0.63% and 1.4 kg · cm-2，respectively. It’s ripening date is in middle January in the greenhouse in
Beijing.
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A New Strawberry Cultivar‘Lianda’
QI Yongzhi*，JIA Wei*，SU Yuan，LIU Xuejing，WANG Ning，MA Yanhui，and ZHEN Wenchao**
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1419-1420. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0008
Abstract ( 235 ) HTML ( 455 ) PDF (1137KB) ( 455 ) 　　　
‘Lianda’，a new strawberry cultivar，was mutagenesised and screened with tissue culture
technique from‘Dasrect’，under the pressure of the mixture consisted of toxin of Fusarium oxysporum f.
sp. fragariae and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid，an autotoxin. The conical fruits are red color，strong fragrant in
aroma，which contains 0.57% titratable acid，11.9% soluble solids，7.1% total sugar and 0.771 mg · g-1
vitamin C，with 2.521 kg · cm-2 fruit firmness and good shipping quality. The cultivar is resistant to wilt
disease，leaf spot，gray mildew and powdery mildew，and suitable planted in open cultivation，semi-forcing
or forcing cultivation in Northern and Southern in China，with the yield more than 37 500 kg · hm-2. The
occurrence of continuous cropping obstacle of‘Lianda’is lighter obviously than‘Dasrect’
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A New Cherry Tomato Hybrid‘Hongzhenzhu’
YAN Congsheng，JIA Li，FANG Ling*，ZHANG Qi’an，JIANG Haikun，WANG Yan，WANG Mingxia，TIAN Hongmei，ZHANG Jian，and WANG Pengcheng
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1421-1422. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0796
Abstract ( 307 ) HTML ( 811 ) PDF (1429KB) ( 811 ) 　　　
‘Hongzhenzhu’is a new cherry tomato hybrid which developed by crossing‘ST-04-01’
as female parent with‘ST-05-11’as male parent. It is indeterminate growth type and grows vigorously. Its
first inflorescence is 7th to 8th leaf. The matured fruit is red and tastes very well. The average weight of
single fruit is 20.6 g. It is highly tolerated to storage and transportation. The average yield was 58.40
t · hm-2. It is suitable for protected cultivation in early spring.
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A New Oriental Melon Cultivar‘Yu Linglong’
ZHANG Ruowei，PENG Dongxiu，WU Yunpeng，LI Xiuxiu，LI Suwen*，REN Fenghua，XIAO Yu，YUN Jie，ZHENG Huasen，WANG Qin，and ZHANG Guohua
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1423-1424. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0781
Abstract ( 521 ) HTML ( 451 ) PDF (144KB) ( 451 ) 　　　
‘Yu Linglong’is a new oriental melon hybrid with green skin and flesh. The plant has
vigorous growth and compact plant-type. It can bear fruit from sub-secondary vine. The fruit-shape is
pyriform. The fruit developing period is about 28 days. Average weight of single fruit is about 500 g. The
mature fruit skin is greyish-green. The flesh is green and the soluble solids content is above 16.5%. It has
crisp flesh，good flavor and taste. The average yield is 43.0 t · hm-2.
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A New Cultivar of Ornamental Lotus‘Shouling’
HU Xin1，DING Yuesheng2，JIN Qijiang1，WANG Yanjie1，and XU Yingchun1,*
Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2017, 44(7): 1425-1426. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0901
Abstract ( 227 ) HTML ( 412 ) PDF (1064KB) ( 412 ) 　　　
The new cultivar of ornamental lotus‘Shouling’was breeded from the bud mutation of
‘Chaitoufeng’‘. Shouling’is a small double-petal lotus with morphological characteristics as follows：
Height of erect leaf is 20–30 cm，leaf diameter is 13.5–26.5 cm × 11–20 cm. Color of flower is
compound color. Flower outer petal number is 18–22，inner petal number is 122–140. Flower diameter
is 15.0–17.5 cm. Flower density is high，there are 7–13 flower per square meter.
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