Effects of Allium fistulosum L. and apple seedlings mixed cropping on the replant soil environment and growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings were studied under pot condition. Results showed that mixed cropping enhanced Malus hupeheusis Rehd. seedlings biomass. Plant height，ground diameter，fresh weight and dry weight were 1.42，1.67，3.63 and 2.99 times larger than the control group. The root respiration rate of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings was significantly improved. Activities of antioxidant enzymes，such as superoxide dismutase（SOD），catalase（CAT）and peroxidase（POD）were 1.58，2.74，2.41 and 6.79 times higher than the control group. The activities of soil enzymes including  urease，invertase，phosphatase and catalase were significantly improved. The activities of soil enzymes in mixed cropping were better than in lime nitrogen，and after that was methyl bromide and apple replant in order. Numbers of bacteria and actinomycete were 2.44 and 1.79 times more than the control group and numbers of fungi dropped by 69.4%. The ratio of bacteria to fungi in different soils was as follows：methyl bromide > mixed cropping > lime nitrogen > replanted soil. A. fistulosum L. and apple seedlings mixed cropping significantly improved margalef index，Shannon’s index，pielou index and decreased simpson index. The number of Fusarium oxysporum was reduced significantly compared with the control group. In conclusion，A. fistulosum L. and apple seedlings mixed cropping decreased the number of fungi and increased that of bacteria，could reduce apple replant disease.

Aroma volatiles in fruit of five Xinjiang apricot cultivars were determined by Gas Chromatograph–Mass Spectrometer（GC–MS）method. Totally，154 aroma volatiles were identified from these fruit tested，among them，58 aroma volatiles were the rich compounds. The composition and contents of Xinjiang apricot fruit were significantly regulated by ripening. The content levels of linalool，α-terpineol，geraniol，β-myrcene，ocimene，2-hexenol，phenylacetaldehyde and hexanal decreased remarkably throughout the whole development and ripening period，while the content levels of β-ionone，geranyl acetone，γ-decalactone，δ-decalactone and γ-dodecalactone increased rapidly with fruit ripening. During the early development period，apricot fruit mainly accumulated alcohols，aldehydes，terpenoids and terpenes，but ketones and lactones predominated in fruit at the ripening stage. Significantly higher levels of  terpenoids，terpenes，alcohols，aldehydes and lactones were found in apricot peels than those in pulps，however，significantly lower levels of ketones were found in peels than those in pulps. Based on orthonasal odor thresholds（OOT）method，a total of 22 aroma volatiles were identified as the characteristic aroma components of Xinjiang apricot fruit，linalool，γ-decalactone，γ-dodecalactone，β-damascenone，(E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal，phenylacetaldehyde，hexanal，α-terpineol，hexyl acetate，geraniol and β-myrcene were the most important contributors to aroma quality of Xinjiang apricot fruit.

Full length cDNA sequence of 8 grape SnRK2 genes（VvSnRK2）were cloned from grapevine Ruby Seedless using RT-PCR，sequence analysis showed that the N-terminal domain of VvSnRK2 was highly conserved，while divergent in the C-terminal. The phylogenyetic analysis showed that VvSnRK2s could be divided into three groups. The VvSnRK2s protein carry all acidic amino acids and they all hydrophilic proteins. All VvSnRK2 but VvSnRK2.2，VvSnRK2.8 genes carry 9 exons. The predicted secondary structure suggested that the main structure of eight proteins are alpha helix，beta turn and random coil. The subcellular localization were predicted in the cytoplasmic. The analysis of cis-regulatory elements showed that VvSnRK2s contained one or more of ABRE，DRE/CRT，LRTE elements except VvSnRK2.1，VvSnRK2.2 and VvSnRK2.6. Quantitative real-time PCR data indicate that VvSnRK2.7 and VvSnRK2.8 were expressed at the highest-level in the roots and stems，which were as 3.8 and 5.0 times as leaves，respectively. Under the 0 ℃ and–4 ℃ treatments，VvSnRK2.2 was down-regulated，while the expression was 0 of VvSnRK2.8. Under the 30 ℃ treatment，VvSnRK2.2 and VvSnRK2.5 were up-regulated 3.8 and 3.6 folds，respectively. VvSnRK2.1 and VvSnRK2.2 were response to salt stress，while VvSnRK2.5 was highly response to drought stress.

In order to further understand the genetic diversity of wampee（Clausena lansium）germplasm resources，fruit characters of 96 wampees conserved at the National Depository of Wampee Germplasm（Guangzhou）were evaluated in this study according to the book of‘Descriptors and Data Standard for Wampee[Clausena lansium（Lour.）Skeels]’and the data was numerical classified by Q cluster analysis，R cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The results indicated that the average variation type of 22 descriptive characters was up to 3.4，among which the shape of seed had the most variation with coefficient 6. Among 16 numerical characters，the number of fruits per ear possessed the largest coefficient of variance，which was 58.78%，while the lateral diameter of seed had the least  coefficient of variance，6.34%. The resultof Q cluster analysis showed that 96 wampee germplasm resources were divided into 4 groups at the Euclidean distance of 19.84 based on characters of fruit ear，fruit size and fruit taste. The result of R cluster analysis indicated that 38 fruit characters which show close relationship were significantly clustered into 4 groups at similarity coefficient of 1.45. Principal component analysis suggested that the first and second principal components could explain 28.16% of total variance，and the results were basically consistent with the cluster analysis.

Exogenous ethylene has been widely used to induce pineapple flowering，but the molecular mechanism behind ethephon induction is still unclear. Three genes encoding auxin efflux carriers （designated as AcPIN1，AcPIN2 and AcPIN3），and two genes encoding auxin influx carriers（designated  as AcAUX1 and AcAUX2）were isolated from the pineapple（Ananas comosus L.‘Perola’）shoot apex using RT-PCR and RACE. The full-length cDNA of AcPIN1，AcPIN2，AcPIN3，AcAUX1 and AcAUX2 were 2 690，2 388，2 057，2 156 and 1 580 bp，with the open reading frames of 1 854，1 917，1 530，1 479 and 1 392 bp，which encode a putative protein of 617，638，509，492 and 463 amino acids，respectively. The genomic DNA sequences of AcPIN1，AcPIN2，AcPIN3，AcAUX1 and AcAUX2 were 3 602，3 208，4 204，5 457 and 2 436 bp，with the lengths of 3 244，2 780，3 947，5 264 and 2 321 bp，respectively，from the start codon to the terminator codon. The results of a phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that AcPINs and the AcAUXs belong to plant PINs and AUXs/LAXs groups. Quantitative real-time PCR indicated that the relative expressions of AcPINs were up-regulated much more than AcAUXs after the treatment of 200 and 1 200 mg · L^-1 ethephon. The expression of AcPIN2 was significantly increased at the former period（1–2 d）and the later period（28–37 d）after the treatment. In contrast，the expressions of AcPIN1 and AcPIN3 were significantly up-regulated at most time points after the treatment. On the other hand，the up-regulated expression of AcAUX1 was mainly on the former period（1 d）and later period（28–37 d），while the significantly up-regulated expression of AcAUX2 was only found at the former period（1，2 and 9 d after the treatment）. The results showed that there were polar auxin transport during the flowering of pineapple，and auxin efflux might play a more important role during this process.

In this study，the roles of cotyledons and apical bud in adventitious root formation on hypocotyls of cucumber seedlings were analyzed. The results suggested that cotyledon is required for adventitious root formation. In the seedlings with two cotyledons，the adventitious root could form normally. During adventitious root formation，the content of endogenous IAA increased firstly and then  decreased，while the content of GA₃ showed an opposite changing pattern. Removing one of the cotyledons resulted in significantly lower levels of IAA and GA₃，reduced expression of IAA- and GA-responsive genes（eg. CsARL1，CsGH3.5，CsGASA4，etc.），and therefore led to shorter root zone and less root numbers on cucumber hypocotyls. Complete removal of two cotyledons diminished the accumulation of endogenous IAA and GA₃ in hypocotyls and reasonably diminished adventitious root formation entirely. Removal of apical bud had no significant effect on adventitious root formation. The inhibitory effects on adventitious root formation caused by removal of one cotyledon could be partially reversed by application of exogenous IAA. On the other hand，foliar spraying with IAA-transport inhibitor caused an inhibitory effect on adventitious root formation. Different from IAA，application GA₃ to the hypocotyls inhibited the adventitious root formation，while foliar spraying of GA biosynthesis inhibitor increased root formation. GA exerted an inhibition on the IAA-responsive genes during adventitious root formation. These results suggested that the cotyledon-generated IAA was essential for adventitious root formation in cucumber hypocotyls. Furthermore，application of IAA and GA₃ individually or simultaneously could not induce adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls without cotyledons attached，suggesting that IAA was not the only necessary factor. Removal of cotyledons led to a substantial decrease in the contents of soluble proteins and soluble sugars in the basal hypocotyls，and this might be another reason for the diminished adventitious root formation. Taken together，these results suggested that cotyledons，as the major resource of auxin，proteins and sugars，were necessary for adventitious root formation in cucumber hypocotyls.

To explore the effects of salicylic acid（SA）on fatty acid compositions in cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.）seedlings under low temperature，the changes in total contents of fatty acids and relative content of each composition，as well as the expression levels of fatty acid desaturase genes（CsFADs）were detected. The results showed that SA application could repress the low temperature- induced increase in malondialdehyde content and relative electrolyte leakages，and maintain the stability of cell membranes. Under low temperature，total contents of fatty acids were decreased. Especially，the relative contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids（e.g. C_18:3）were decreased，while the ratio of C_18:0 and C_18:1 increased. Thereby，the double bond index of fatty acid was reduced. After SA application，both total contents and unsaturation degree of fatty acid could be restored. Low temperature could induce the  expression of CsFAD genes. After SA application，the induction folds of CsFAB2.1，CsFAB2.2，CsFAD2.1 and CsFAD7 were significantly increased. In summary，in the cucumber seedlings exposed to low temperature，exogenous application of SA could induce the expression of CsFAD genes to increase the unsaturation degree of fatty acids，thereby enhance the stability of cell membranes，and finally increase the stress tolerance of seedlings.

A total of four unigene sequences that share high homology with WRKY protein were previously obtained from the root transcriptome database of Solanum aculeatissimum．Phylogenetic analysis showed that the four WRKY transcription factors belong to IC，IIa，and III group of WRKY family，respectively．The expression profiles of these four WRKY genes in different organs（root，stem and leaf），as well as in the root of Solanum aculeatissimum of different time after Verticillium dahliae inoculation were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR．The results showed that the expression levels in root of Unigene6502 and Unigene20920 were significant higher than those in stem and leaf，but the expression levels in leaf of CL1273.Contig2 and CL3641.Contig1 were significantly higher than those in root and stem．The four WRKY genes have different expression patterns upon Verticillium dahliae inoculation．The expression of Unigene6502 and Unigene20920 were up-regulated and then was significantly decreased，while the expression of CL1273.Contig2 and CL3641.Contig1 were up-regulated and down-regulated，respectively.

The samples of Hami melon with virus-infected symptoms were collected from naturally infected plants growing in sixteen of the major melon-growing locations in Xinjiang. RT-PCR was used to detect Cucumber mosaic virus（CMV）in the samples. Seventeen CMV isolates were obtained from 12 major melon-growing locations by repeated single-local-lesion transfers in Vicia faba. Host reaction and sequence analysis of coat protein genes of the 17 CMV isolates were performed in this study. The results showed that the 17 CMV isolates were identified as the members of CMV belonging to subgroupⅠB and exhibited low genetic diversity. Overall，the molecular clustering of CMV isolates from Xinjiang was not well correlated with their geographic origin. Except for Datura stramonium，there were no obvious correlations of host responses to inoculation with CMV isolates from different geographical locations. Host reaction on different hosts revealed some differences compared to the CMV isolates collected from other countries.

Nitrification，denitrification and nitrifier denitrification are the main microbial producing processes of Nitrous oxide（N₂O）in soil. The Nitrous Oxide emission processes of soil and its response to N application were studied by different gas（air，oxygen or acetylene）inhibition methods in Poa pratensis L. The results indicated that the N₂O emissions of 10 g · m^-2 N applying treatments didn’t increase compared with the control treatment（7.2–8.2 g · m^-2 · d^-1）；but N₂O emissions increased significantly with N applying dose increased to 25 and 35 g · m^-2，the N₂O emissions were 1.52 and 1.88 times higher than that of the control treatment respectively，and there was no difference between them. The contribution rate of heterotrophic nitrification and denitrification of control treatment reached 65.7% and 34% respectively，and the contribution rate of autotrophic nitrification and nitrifier denitrification were nearly zero. Therefore，heterotrophic nitrification was the dominant process in the control treatment. The contribution rate of nitrifier denitrification，heterotrophic nitrification and denitrification under 25 g · m^-2 N applying treatment reached 35%，35% and 29%. Under 35 g · m^-2 N applying treatment，N₂O emissi on could happen with nitrifier denitrification，heterotrophic nitrification，denitrification and autotrophic nitrification， the contribution rate of autotrophic nitrification and denitrification reached 20% and 41%，respectively.

The genetic diversity of 14 wild apricot populations which include 212 apricot germplasms in the Ili Valley were detected using SRAP markers. The results showed that 12 primers amplification out 143 bands，122 bands are polymorphic，as a ratio of 85.31%. The wild apricots in the Ili Valley still maintained a relatively high level of diversity（h = 0.2411，I = 0.3708，PPB = 85.31%）and populations Tu with the highest diversity. A relatively high intraspecific genetic diversity（76.42%）and low inter-population genetic differentiation was identi?ed with the moderate gene ?ow value（N_m = 1.3680）. The UPGMA and genetic structure analysis both showed that 14 wild apricot populations can be divided into predominantly Huocheng samples in subgroupⅠ，predominantly Gongliu and Yining samples in subgroup Ⅱ and predominantly Xinyuan samples in subgroup Ⅲ，and there is significant correlation  between genetic distance and geographic distance（r = 0.2634，P < 0.05）.

The experiment was carried on using 2-year-old potted apple trees[Malus × domestica Borkh.‘Red Fuji’/Malus hupehensis Rehd.] with the fermented crumbs of apple branches which were applied to the pots with the mass ratio of 2% and 4%. The rates of photosynthesis and transportation，increment of trunk girth，root activity and root architecture parameters from each treatment were investigated periodically. The results showed that the leaf net photosynthetic rate，root activity and increment of trunk girth increased after the fermented crumbs of apple branches were applied to the soil and no significant effects were found on the leaf transportation rate and water use efficiency. The number，surface-area，volume，length，diameter and fractal dimension of new roots increased and the root structure was more complex after the application of 2% fermented crumbs；The number，surface-area，volume and length of new roots decreased after the application of 4% fermented crumbs. The comprehensive analysis showed that the effects of 2% dosage on the growth of root and trunk were better than those of 4%.

To clarify the effects of soil fumigation with dazomet（3,5-dimethyl-1,3,5-thiadiazinane- 2-thione）and seaweed biologic fertilizer on the young apple（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）seedlings biomass and soil microbial quantity under replant conditions. The results showed that compared with the control，dazomet fumigation and seaweed biologic fertilizer all increased the apple seedlings biomass，the effect of the combination was best. Compared with the control，dazomet fumigation，seaweed biologic fertilizer and the combination improved the activities of CAT，POD and SOD in root of the apple seedlings，the effect of the combination was more obvious. Compared with the control，the combination improved total root length，surface area，volume and tips of apple seedlings. Seaweed biologic fertilizer significantly increased the number of bacteria and fungi in the soil than the control，respectively. The combination increased  

Red currant（Ribes rubrum L.）and white currant（R. albrum L.）fruits were used as materials，two full-length cDNA sequences of F3H gene were cloned using RACE（rapid amplification of cDNA ends），and denoted as RrF3H and RaF3H. Both of them contained a 1 098 bp open reading frame that encoded a deduced protein with 365 amino acid residues. Amino acid sequence alignment showed that the protein had a non-heme dioxygenase domain（DIOX-N superfamily）and 2OG-FeⅡ-dependent dioxygenase superfamily. Phylogenetic analysis showed that，RrF3H and RaF3H had obvious characteristics of species in evolution，which had an relative independent evolutionary branch. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that，during the period of fruit development F3H expression in red currant was much higher than that in white currant. With the deepening of fruit colour，the expression level gradually increased until the period of 75% fruit colour，then the RrF3H decreased rapidly. With the fruit growth of white current，the expression pattern of F3H decreased. And the content of anthocyanins in the same period also showed a decreasing trend. All the results suggested that F3H play a role in the process of fruit coloring.

In the present work，we investigated the effects of 24-epibrasinolide on growth，activities of photosynthetic enzymes and their gene expressions in low-light sensitive tomato‘Jiersi’leaves under low light stress. The results showed that low light stress significantly reduce the weight，stem diameter and seedling index by 70.5%，13.0% and 77.7% as compared to the control，respectively，but increased plant height by 45.3%. Application of EBR significantly alleviated the low light stress induced-inhibition of growth in seedlings. Under low light，the net photosynthetic rate（P_n）was reduced by 42.8% as compared with the control，while P_n increased by spraying EBR to 72.0% of the control. Low light stress significantly decreased of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase（Rubisco），Rubisco activating enzyme（RCA），fructose-1,6- bisphosphate aldolase（Ald），and fructose-1,6-phosphatase（FBPase）by 41.6%，31.3%，31.4%，and 19.6%，respectively. EBR significantly increased these enzymes activities of photosynthesis under low light stress. Moreover，the mRNA expressions of RbcL，RbcS，RCA，Ald，FBPase，GAPDH，TK，SBPase，and PRK were significantly decreased. EBR significantly improve the low light stress-mediated changes of aforementioned mRNA transcripts，which mRNA transcription of SBPase and GAPDH towarded the control values. Transcriptional levels of TK and PRK under low light stress plus EBR were higher than the control ones. These results suggest that EBR could improve photosynthetic capacity through regulating gene expression and activity of key enzymes for carbon assimilation，thus confers tolerance to low light stress on tomato plants.

Leaf senescence induces up-regulated expression of lipid degradation-related genes，and activities of lipases are found to be enhanced in vacuoles. However，it is not clear whether vacuoles are the only site for the degradation of lipid droplets. Therefore，dynamics of lipid droplets in cucumber leaves of different developmental stages were investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy to understand the sites for lipid droplets caused by leaf senescence. Some plastidial lipid droplets in senescent leaves were demonstrated to undergo degradation inside chloroplasts. Degradation began from one side and then expanded to the other. In the cytoplasm some cytosolic lipid droplets were found to be attached to the surface of chloroplasts，indicating that their occurrence might have a close relation to chloroplasts. Some cytosolic lipid droplets revealed a close association with vacuoles，indicating that they were on the pathway to be transported into the vacuoles. Lipid droplets underwent degradation after they were transported into vacuoles. Apparently，cucumber leaf senescence caused in-situ degradation of plastidial lipid droplets and vacuolar degradation of cytosolic lipid droplets. These observations proved that vacuoles are not the only site for the degradation of lipid droplets.

To elucidate the mechanism underlying development of leaf marginal lobes in pakchoi，an LOM2 homologous gene，BrLOM2，was isolated respectively from near-isogenic lines with and without lobed leaves in pakchoi using the homology-based cloning methods. The BrLOM2 gene contains an open reading frame of 549 bp in length encoding a protein of 182 amino acids. Sequence analysis showed that the BrLOM2 protein contained conservative structure domains of the GRAS family. The BrLOM2 sequence from genomic DNA showed no intron and phylogenetic analysis suggested that BrLOM2shares high homology with known LOMs from other plant species. Moreover，the putative BrLOM2 protein was closely clustered with several Brassica LOMs. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that BrLOM2gene has higher expression in leaves and shoot apexes，and lower expression in flowers. Further more，BrLOM2 gene has higher expression level in pakchoi lines with smooth leaves than in the lines with lobed leaves. The expression of BrLOM2 in pakchoi lines with lobed leaves became higher，while the number of lobes in them had the synchronized trend. In leaves，the expression of BrLOM2 was affected by application of exogenous GA₃ and 6-BA hormone treatments. Interestingly，GA₃ treatment increased the BrLOM2gene expression，whereas 6-BA treatment decreased it. In summary，the above-mentioned results indicated that the reduced transcriptional expression of BrLOM2 gene was the major factor contributing to leaf marginal lobes.

A length of 1 755 bp cDNA was isolated from Luffa cylindrical by using RACE and RT-PCR techniques，which contained a 1 479 bp open reading frame（ORF）that encoded 492 amino acids，with a predicted molecular weight of 56.98 kD and a hypothetical isoelectric point of 7.126. It shared over 92% identity with the homologous proteins from Cucumis sativus，Arabidopsis thaliana and Raphanus sativus，proving that it was highly conservative. This gene was named LcCAT1 and the GenBank accession was KP222260. Wolf Psort protection indicated that LcCAT1 protein was located in the peroxisome，and Motif Scan analysis showed that LcCAT1 protein had the characteristic amino acid sequences of catalase proximal heme-ligand and heme active sites in the position of 344–352 and 54–70 sites，respectively，which  suggested that LcCAT1 protein was a typical hydrogen peroxide enzyme（tCAT）.The Real time PCR revealed that LcCAT1 exhibited a tissue specific expression，and the expression level in Luffa cylindrical‘Fusi 3’leaves was the highest，which was almost five times than that in flowers，fruits，roots and stems. The levels of LcCAT1 were different among six luffa varieties，and the expression in Luffa cylindrical was higher than that in Luffa acutangula Roxb. What is more，the level of LcCAT1 in‘Fusi 3’was up-regulated during fresh-cut and post-harvest storage browning processes，which was consistent with the changes observed in peroxidase activity，suggesting that LcCAT1 gene may play a regulation role in luffa browning process.

In this study，a soluble starch branching gene（SBE）was isolated from the leaf of ‘Xiangtangyu’，a species of taro based on RT-PCR and PCR-RACE methods. The full-length of SBE cDNA（GenBank accession number KX013544）was 3 051 bp in nucleotide containing an open reading frame of 2 538 bp which encoding 845 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis showed that SBE had more than 85% homolog with maize，potato and rice，respectively. SBE protein contained N-terminal end，C-terminal end and alpha amylase catalytic domain. DNA sequence of SBE was cloned by RT-PCR method，and the full length of DNA was 12 362 bp with 20 exons and 19 introns. During corm formation the expression of SBE in leaf of son-taro plants was significantly higher than that of mother-taro plants，leafstalks，roots，mother-taro and so on，the expression was improved in son-taros，and decreased in grade-taros with development of corm. Totally，we believed that the expression of SBE was synchronous with amylopectin synthesis in son-taros and grade-taros.

‘Shuguang 7’，a new Chinese jujube（Ziziphus jujuba Mill.）cultivar with high quality and high resistance to fruit cracking was selected from‘Jinsi Xiaozao’in Cangzhou，Hebei. The fruit is oblong with average fruit weight of 7.25 g. The soluble solids content is 26.08% and the fruits taste sour-sweet.‘Shuguang 7’has high resistance to fruit cracking and high stable yield. The fruits ripe in early October in Hebei Province. It could be used dehydration. It is suitable to be cultivated in jujube cultivating area of Hebei Province.

‘Huaisu 3’is a new crisp melon cultivar derived from female parent‘S06-1’× male line‘W07-2’. The cultivar shows better growth potential. The fruit is horn shaped. The skin color is dark green，and the flesh is orange. The flesh thickness is about 2.5 cm，which is crisp. The sugar content is 15.3% in the core and 12.0% in the border. The average fruit mass is about 1.51 kg. It is suitable to be cultivated in the area along the Huaihe River.

‘Dandie’is a new lily cultivar of Asiatic hybrid. Its flower is orange-red. This cultivar has short growth period with about 80 days，long florescence with about 20 days，and strong comprehensive resistance. The height of plants is 60–70 cm，and bud number per plant growing from a bulb with a circumference of 14–16 cm is 3–5. In addition，the bulb of this cultivar is edible. It tastes sweet，and it not only has high nutrition value，but also contains a high content of bioactive substances.

‘Zijin Fenyu’is a Rhododendron cultivar derived from the cross of female parent‘Yu Qilin’and male parent‘Huohua’. Its flower color is pale pink. The diameter of flower head is about 9.5–10.5 cm. Its petal has five deep lobes. The stamens of some flowers become petals. Upper lobes have striking deep pink spots and its flower heart is green. It is characterized by compact plant type，vigour growth，high temperature and high humidity tolerance. It is suitable for greenhouse pot for the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Its natural florescence is from early to mid February. Its flowering can last 20–25 days.