Fruit Trees

• Analysis on Karyotype and Its Evolutional Trend of Ginkgo biloba var. epiphylla Germplasms Resources
• ZHANG Fang;XING Shi-yan;HAN Chen-jing;and TANG Hai-xia
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2245-2252.
• Abstract ( 1717 ) HTML ( 1611 ) PDF (536KB) ( 1611 ) 　　　
• The karyotype of 28 Ginkgo biloba var. epiphylla Mak. germplasms which came from Japan and Shandong were studied by method of squash with the young leaves. The results showed that all the chromosomes were diploid，the chromosome number could be described as 2n = 2x = 24，the karyotype was mainly composed of median centromere chromosome（m），nearly median centromere chromosome（sm）and subterminal region（st）；There were satellites in 6 germplasms. The variance’s analysis shows that there was significant difference between SY2 and other germplasms on length ratio of chromosome which was 3.97，the asymmetrical karyotype coefficient and mean arm ratio differed greatly among germplasms. GX3 and HB were more maximum than other germplasms，while the evolution extent of NS2 was originative.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Effects of Chlorocholine Chloride on Photosynthesis Metabolism and Terpene Trilactones Biosynthesis in The Leaf of Ginkgo biloba
• XU Feng;ZHANG Wei-wei;SUN Nan-nan;LI Lin-ling;CHENG Shui-yuan;and WANG Yan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2253-2260.
• Abstract ( 1622 ) HTML ( 1795 ) PDF (312KB) ( 1795 ) 　　　
• In order to study the regulation mechanism of chlorocholine chloride（CCC）on the biosynthesis of terpene trilactones，effects of CCC on photosynthesis，the contents of photosynthetic pigment，soluble sugar and terpene trilactones，and the expression level of key genes involved in ginkgolide biosynthesis in Ginkgo biloba leaves were investigated. The three-year-old ginkgo seedlings were foliar sprayed with 0（control），0.5，1.0 and 2.0 g · L-1 CCC. The results showed that 0.5，1.0，and 2.0 g · L-1 CCC treatments significantly enhanced the net photosynthetic rate，stomatal conductance，intercellular CO2 concentration，transpiration rate，and the contents of chlorophyll，carotenoids and soluble sugar in ginkgo leaves. The contents of ginkgolide A，B and bilobalide in ginkgo leaves treated with 1.0 and 2.0 g · L-1 CCC were significantly higher than those of control. The results of qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the expression levels of four key genes involved in terpene trilactones biosynthesis，namely DXS，DXR，GGPPS and LPS，were all markedly up-regulated by CCC treatment，indicating that CCC promoted terpene trilactones accumulation by inducing the expression of key genes related with ginkgolide biosynthesis.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Characterization and Phylogenetic Utility of Non-coding Chloroplast Regions trnL-trnF and accD-psaI in Pyrus
• HU Chun-yun;ZHENG Xiao-yan;and TENG Yuan-wen
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2261-2272.
• Abstract ( 2763 ) HTML ( 2128 ) PDF (411KB) ( 2128 ) 　　　
• The two non-coding chloroplast regions，trnL-trnF and accD-psaI of 26 accessions from 19 Pyrus L. species and two outgroup accessions from Malus Mill. were sequenced. Aligned lengths of these two regions were 927 bp and 944 bp，respectively. A total of 36 substitutions and 11 indels were obtained in the combined data. All of the indels were treated as single mutation events and coded as substitutions manually when conducting maximum parsimony and Neighbor Net（NN）analyses. Our results showed that the indels in these two cpDNA regions were reliable phylogenetic characters and increased phylogenetic resolution；Compared with trnL-trnF，accD-psaI evolves quicker，providing more information for the discovery of inter- and intra-specific relationships in Pyrus. The NN split network indicated that the poor resolution in the phylogenetic tree was partly caused by conflicting signals or by lack of sufficient informative site. In addition，maternal lineages of putative inter-specific hybrids were revealed.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Construction of the Suppression Subtractive Hybridization Library and Analysis of Related Genes of Floral Buds in Prunus persica During Dormancy-releasing　　
• LI Ling;WANG Hui;TAN Yue;WANG Yu;CHEN Xiu-de;LI Dong-mei;and GAO Dong-sheng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2273-2280.
• Abstract ( 1598 ) HTML ( 1231 ) PDF (365KB) ( 1231 ) 　　　
• To better understand the molecular and physiological mechanisms of seasonal bud dormancy in perennial trees，the differentially expressed genes in peach[Prunus persica（L.）Batsch]floral buds during dormancy-releasing were identified by suppression subtractive hybridization（SSH）. One hundred and eighty positive clones were selected and sequenced from the libraries totally，and 28 unique genes were obtained. According to the BLAST screening and functional annotation，metabolism，oxidation reduction，signal transduction and defense-related genes were identified with high frequencies in fertility cDNA library. In SSH library three representative genes，HisH3，Dhn and Metallothionein were selected and analyzed qRT-PCR. The results showed that they were up-regulated during dormancy-releasing of floral buds.
• Related Articles | Metrics

Vegetables

• Screening and Identification of Cucumber–Sour Cucumber Introgression Lines Resistant to the Root-knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita　　
• YE De-you;QIAN Chun-tao;and CHEN Jin-feng;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2281-2288.
• Abstract ( 1739 ) HTML ( 1471 ) PDF (445KB) ( 1471 ) 　　　
• With seedling inoculation in greenhouse，progenies from interspecific cross between cultivated cucumber and sour cucumber were screened and an introgression line ILs-10-1 was identified with resistance to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita following resistance evaluation，morphological observation and molecular characterization. The results showed that the ILs-10-1 displayed stable resistance to M. incognita. In morphology，ILs-10-1 was between its parents and characterized with smaller leaf，short fruit，brown spine，multi-branching. One pair（SSR18648）out of 302 pairs of SSR primers could repeatedly amplify special DNA fragment from its wild parent of sour cucumber，confirming its nature of interspecific progenies from cross between cultivated cucumber and sour cucumber at molecular level.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Effects of Exogenous Spd on Expression Analysis of Cucumber SAMs Gene Under Salt Stress and Bioinformatics Analysis of SAMs Protein
• LI Bin;GUO Shi-rong;SUN Jin;LU Xiao-min;and LI Juan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2289-2296.
• Abstract ( 1552 ) HTML ( 1698 ) PDF (1143KB) ( 1698 ) 　　　
• Abstract：The experiment was carried out to study the effects of exogenous Spd on SAMs gene expression in cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.‘Jinchun 2’）seedlings under salt stress with solution culture. The results showed that expressions of SAMs were up-regulated at 3，6，12 h by salt stress，and then were down-regulated after 24 h compared with that at normal level. Compared to salt stress，expressions of SAMs were down-regulated at 3，6，12 h with spraying Spd，and then were closed to control level after 24 h. The results revealed that exogenous Spd could mediate cucumber SAMs gene expression differentially，may regulate the biosynthesis pathway of SAM to enhance salt tolerance of cucumber. Protein bioinformatics analysis showed that the SAMs protein were relatively stable and have multiple phosphorylation sites. Cysteine residue of the 89 amino acid bit and the conserved sequence of 246 to 255 bits of DAGLTGRKII may play an important role in the function for SAMs enzyme. Meanwhile，we also derived three-dimensional structure of SAMs protein.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• QTL Analysis of Resistance to Bacterial Spot Race T3 in Tomato
• SUN Hui-jun;ZHANG Jie-yun;WANG Yuan-yuan;SCOTT Jay W.;FRANCIS David M.;and YANG Wen-cai;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2297-2308.
• Abstract ( 1451 ) HTML ( 2121 ) PDF (352KB) ( 2121 ) 　　　
• The objective of this study was to understand genetics of resistance and identify molecular markers tightly linked to the resistance to race T3 using an inbred-backcross population derived from the resistant line PI114490. A core set of 516 SSR，SNP，and InDel markers was screened for polymorphisms among the parents of the IBC population，and 72 polymorphic markers were identified. Single marker-trait analysis suggested that the resistance to race T3 in PI114490 was mediated by multiple QTLs on chromosomes 1，3，8 and 11. One QTL on chromosome 11 could contribute 56.5% of phenotypic variation. Genotypic analysis of inbred-backcross lines suggested that interactions among QTLs might exist. These results provide some fundamental information for understanding the mechanism of resistance to race T3 in PI114490 and breeding for resistance.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Cloning and Expression Pattern Analysis of NRT2 Gene in Non-heading Chinese Cabbage
• KONG Min;YANG Xue-dong;HOU Xi-lin;LIU Tong-kun;and REN Jun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2309-2316.
• Abstract ( 1532 ) HTML ( 1674 ) PDF (458KB) ( 1674 ) 　　　
• In this study，a full-length of cDNA sequence of a high-affinity nitrate transporter gene BcNRT2 was cloned from non-heading Chinese cabbage（Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis Makino）cultivar‘Suzhouqing’using reverse transcript PCR（RT-PCR）. Sequence analysis showed that the length of nucleotide sequence of this gene is 1 593 bp，containing a complete open reading frame to encode 530 amino acids. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence comparison indicates that BcNRT2 has a certain high similarity with the orthologous gene BnNRT2 in Brassica napus（98%，99%）and AtNRT2.1 in Arabidopsis thaliana（90%，95%），respectively. Conclusion was made that NRT2 gene is highly conserved among several plant species. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression of BcNRT2 has the highest level in root cells，and expression pattern of this gene belongs to induced system. After 0.5 h treatment of low concentrations of NO3-（0.2 mmol · L-1 KNO3），the expression of BcNRT2 was up-regulated rapidly in root and shoot，suggested that BcNRT2 may acts as a NO3- sensor or signal transducer. After treatment of high concentrations of NO3-（20 mmol · L-1 KNO3），the expression of BcNRT2 was highly up-regulated and lasted longer in root and shoot，which may be resulted from a high-level response of the regulation of a low-affinity nitrate transporter NRT1.1. BcNRT2 protein was located at the plasma membrane supported by subcellular localization assays experiment.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Determination of Interactions Between the Two Determinant Transcription Factors of Flowering Signal Integrators in Vitro in Brassica juncea Coss. （Mustard）
• TANG Qing-lin;XU Jun-qiang;SONG Ming;and WANG Zhi-min
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2317-2324.
• Abstract ( 1604 ) HTML ( 1736 ) PDF (431KB) ( 1736 ) 　　　
• The fate of the flowering signal integrators is determined by Flowering Locus C（FLC）and SHOTR VEGETATIVE PHASE（SVP），which probably directly interact with each other to regulate flowering. For further study on mechanism and reagent control of the interactions between the two transcription factors，the protein interactions in vitro were testified in Brassica juncea Coss.（mustard）variety‘QJ’. In the present study，the coding sequences of FLC and SVP were amplified，and then inserted into the expression vector pET43.1a to construct the recombinant plasmids pET43.1a-FLC and pET43.1a-SVP. After transformation to E. coli（BL21），the expression of recombinant proteins were detected via SDS-PAGE. With co-immunoprecipitation and characteristic of 6 × His tag in fusion protein of pET43.1a-FLC and pET43.1a-SVP which could combine with Ni+，a new method was put forward to detecting the interactions between FLC and SVP proteins. Using this method，the interactions were analyzed via SDS-PAGE. The results showed that FLC and SVP could act with each other to combine and form a complex. This research provides theoretical and technical bases for analyzing the mechanism of interactions between FLC and SVP，for further probing into interactions between FLC，SVP and downstream targets of flowering signal integrators.
• Related Articles | Metrics

Ornamental Plants

• Early Identification of the Descendents from Distant Hybridization of Paeonia delavayi by Morphological and ISSR Markers
• WU Rui;ZHANG Xiu-xin;XUE Jing-qi;MU Ding;and SHI Yan-tong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2325-2332.
• Abstract ( 1720 ) HTML ( 1078 ) PDF (484KB) ( 1078 ) 　　　
• Distant hybridization has been conducted between Paeonia suffruticosa‘Qiufa 1’（♀）and Paeonia delavayi（♂）. The 2-year-old seedlings of the hybrid were evaluated by morphological and ISSR markers. The results showed that the F1 hybrids of the parents could be divided into paternal type（3 seedlings），maternal type（5 ones）and specific type（8 ones）by morphological markers. On the other hand，the F1 hybrids could be divided into paternal type（6 ones），intermediate type（5 ones）and specific type（5 ones）by ISSR markers at L = 0.65 level. Twelve hybrid seedlings had the same results by morphological and ISSR markers，but 4 of the hybrids showed different divisions. It can be referred that ISSR markers combining with morphological markers can be helpful for the early identification of descendents from distant hybridization of tree peony.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Cloning and Expression Analysis of B Class MADS-box Genes from Cymbidium faberi
• XIANG Lin;QIN De-hui;LI Xiao-bai;LI Bo-jun;GUO Fang-qi;WU Chao;and SUN Chong-bo
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2333-2341.
• Abstract ( 1425 ) HTML ( 1213 ) PDF (504KB) ( 1213 ) 　　　
• In this study，three B-class genes，CfGLO，CfDEF1 and CfDEF2 were isolated from Cymbidium faberi by RT-PCR and RACE-PCR techniques. Sequence analysis showed that CfGLO，CfDEF1 and CfDEF2 encode a putative protein of 210，222，227 amino acids，respectively. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that CfGLO belong to PI/GLO clade，and CfDEF1 and CfDEF2 belong to PeMADS3 clade and PeMADS2 clade of MADS-box gene family，respectively. RT-PCR and real-time quantitative PCR demonstrated that CfDEF1 was strongly expressed in 2，3 whorls organ，i.e. lips，petals and column，while absent in whorl 1（sepals）；CfDEF2 was expressed in whorls 1，2 and 3，while absent in vegetative tissues；Whereas CfGLO was expressed in all tissues. The results suggested that the three genes may play different roles in floral organs formation of C. faberi. In addition，the three genes all expressed in immature ovary，the results displayed that they may regulate the ovary development of C. faberi.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Isolation，Expression of ARC1 from Ornamental Kale and Interaction Analysis Between ARC1 and SRK
• LAN Xing-guo;YANG Jia;ZHAO Xin;and LI Yu-hua
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2342-2348.
• Abstract ( 1347 ) HTML ( 1240 ) PDF (526KB) ( 1240 ) 　　　
• The ARC1 cDNA sequence was isolated from stigma of ornamental kale（Brassica oleracea var. acephala）S 13-b S 13-b homozygotes using RT-PCR techniques，named BoARC1（GenBank accession No. EU344909）. The BoARC1 cDNA sequence had an ORF of 1 992 bp，encoding a 663-aa protein. The deduced amino acid sequence of isolated BoARC1 shared 94% identity with Brassica napus ARC1. Southern blot analysis showed that there was a single copy of BoARC1 gene in genome. Northern blot analysis showed that BoARC1 mRNA only expressed in the stigma. The yeast two-hybrid analysis indicated that the BoARC1 interacted with SRK3，SRK13-b and SRK910.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Molecular Detection and Sequences Analysis of Chrysanthemum stunt viroid
• ZHANG Zhi-xiang;GE Bei-bei;PAN Song;ZHAO Zhe;WANG Hong-qing;and LI Shi-fang;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2349-2356.
• Abstract ( 1645 ) HTML ( 1433 ) PDF (383KB) ( 1433 ) 　　　
• The chrysanthemum stunt disease，caused by Chrysanthemum stunt viroid（CSVd），is a serious threat to chrysanthemum production. To survey the occurrence and epidemic of CSVd and analyze the molecular characterization of CSVd isolates of China. In total of 122 samples，including both wild and commercial cultivars，were collected from Beijing，Wanning in Hainan，Harbin and Hefei in China. The total RNA of chrysanthemum samples were extracted by modified CTAB method and then detected by dot-blot hybridization using cRNA probe of CSVd. The positive samples tested by dot-blot hybridization were further detected by RT-PCR. cDNA of CSVd was cloned and sequenced. The results of dot-blot hybridization showed that 14 samples were positive for CSVd，which occurred in all the regions except for Harbin at infection ratio of 11.5%. Sequences analysis indicated that CSVd isolates of China shared the most close relationship with CSVd isolates of Korea and Japan. Compared with reference sequence of CSVd（NC002015），there were 21 mutations for CSVd isolates of China. The prediction of secondary structure showed the mutations，most of which happened in pathogenicity region，have no impact on folding into stable rod-like structure.
• Related Articles | Metrics

Research Notes

• Volatiles in Fruit of Three Plum Cultivars Belonging to Prunus salicina，P. cerasifera and Their Interspecific Hybrid
• CHAI Qian-qian;WANG Li-jun;WU Ben-hong;FAN Pei-ge;DUAN Wei;and LI Shao-hua;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2357-2364.
• Abstract ( 1672 ) HTML ( 1413 ) PDF (249KB) ( 1413 ) 　　　
• Volatiles in fruits of three cultivars belonging to different plum species[‘Suili 3’（Prunus salicina），‘Hongguo Yingtaoli’（P. cerasifera）and‘Methley’（interspecific hybrid of the two previous species）] were evaluated by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Results showed that there were differences in both volatile compounds and their contents among cultivars. A total of 58，53 and 29 aromatic volatile compounds were detected in‘Methley’，‘Suili 3’and ‘Hongguo Yingtaoli’，respectively. Moreover，the highest content of volatiles were found in‘Methley’fruits. Aldehydes，alcohols and esters were the dominant volatiles in‘Suili 3’，‘Hongguo Yingtaoli’and‘Methley’，respectively. γ-dodecalactone and γ-decalactone were unique components to‘Methley’. According to volatile components，‘Methley’could be classified as an ester-type plum and’Hongguo Yingtaoli’as alcohol-type.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Construction of ihpRNA Expression Vector of MhVPE Gene from Malus hupehensis and Verification by Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana
• RAN Kun;YANG Hong-qiang;SUN Xiao-li;SHEN Wei;JIANG Qian-qian;LI Qiang;and LIU Zhi-xin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2365-2372.
• Abstract ( 1643 ) HTML ( 1459 ) PDF (498KB) ( 1459 ) 　　　
• Based on the cDNA sequence of MhVPE gene（GenBank accession number：FJ891065）from Malus hupehensis（Pamp.）Rehd.，two pairs of specific primers containing different enzyme sites，named F1/F2 and R1/R2 respectively，were designed. With the template of pMD-MhVPE plasmid constructed previously，positive-sense strand pMD-F and antisense strand pMD-R were obtained，which were inserted into specific sites of the expression vector pART27，separately. The RNAi vector of pART-RNAi-MhVPE containing a hairpin structure was confirmed by the digestion of restriction enzymes. pART-RNAi-MhVPE vector was then transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana col-0 using the floral dip method by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system to verification its efficacy. Seventeen transgenic plants were confirmed by kanamycin resistant selection and PCR testing. Semi RT-PCR results suggested that the expression level of AtVPE homologous gene in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana was decreased，which proved that the expression of the targeted gene was inhibited efficiently and the ihpRNA vector of the MhVPE gene was constructed successfully，building a solid foundation for further study on the function of vacuolar processing enzyme（VPE）gene.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Cloning and Expression Analysis of the APETALA1（AP1）Homologous Gene cDNA from Litchi chinensis
• DING Feng;PENG Hong-xiang;LUO Cong;LI Dong-bo;ZHU Jian-hua;QIN Xian-quan;HE Xin-hua;and CAO Hui-qing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2373-2380.
• Abstract ( 1668 ) HTML ( 1419 ) PDF (407KB) ( 1419 ) 　　　
• A full-length cDNA sequence of homologous AP1 gene was cloned by employing RT-PCR from Litchi chinensis，which was named as LcAP1（GenBank accession No. JN214349）. The LcAP1 gene open reading frame（ORF）is 738 bp in length，encoding a protein of 245 amino acids，with an estimated molecular weight and an isoelectric point of 28.39 kD and 9.69 respectively. The bioinformatics characterization indicated that the protein encoded by LcAP1 gene has a MADS-box domain（1st–61st），a K-box domain（89th–179th）. Prediction of the secondary structure of the protein showed that LcAP1 protein has 3 α-helices，2 β-strands and 8 β-turns. A comparison of the nucleotide sequences of homologous AP1 genes from different species indicated that LcAP1 gene has a range of 72% to 82% identity in nucleotide sequence with homologues of other plants. Expression analysis by RT-PCR indicted that the LcAP1 gene expressed in mature leaf，young leaf，mature stem，young stem，flower bud and peduncle during‘Sanyuehong’litchi flower bud differentiation period，but expressed more in flower bud.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Colchicines Induced Polyploid Plants and Identification in Welsh Onion
• DONG Fei;CHEN Yun-qi;LIU Shi-qi;GAO Li-min;WANG Chuan-zeng;and CHEN Wei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2381-2386.
• Abstract ( 1625 ) HTML ( 1802 ) PDF (308KB) ( 1802 ) 　　　
• The welsh onion seeds were treated with colchicines at different concentration and treatment time duration，and the ploidy level was identified by morphological trait，chromosome number and flow cytometry techniques. The results showed that the best effect was obtained by the treatment of 0.8% colchicines with 48 hours. The mutated plants we got were vitreous seedlings，they could not survive after transplanting. By tissue culture we obtained tetraploids. The choromosome number of tetraploids was 2n = 4x = 32，the plants showed the general characteristics of tetraploids，such as darker leaf color，larger stomata，fewer stomata per unit area. Comparing the plant height and welsh onion stalk length，there were remarkable difference between tetraploids and the control.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A Molecular Phylogeny of Sorbus（Rosaceae）Based on ITS Sequence
• WANG Guo-xun;and ZHANG Ming-li;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2387-2394.
• Abstract ( 1905 ) HTML ( 2294 ) PDF (265KB) ( 2294 ) 　　　
• The systematic circumscription of Sorbus has remained unresolved because of hybridization and polyploidy. To reconstruct the phylogeny of Sorbus，we sequenced the nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS region of 46 species of the genus and outgroups species Cotoneaster multiforus，Cotoneaster horizontalis，Exochorda racemosa，Rosa hugonis and Cerasus glandulosa. The phylogenetic relationships among 43 species of Sorbus were investigated by means of maximum parsimony（MP），maximum likelihood（ML）and bayesian inference（BI）analyses. The results revealed that the genus Sorbus is monophyletic；Subg. Aria，Subg. Micromeles and Subg. Sorbus were not monophyletic，respectively；The circumscription between unifoliate group and multifoliate group is unclear. The results are not in accordance with the previous morphological classification.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Isolation and Identification of the Pathogen Causing Phytophthora Blight of Pachira macrocarpa
• LI Lin;CHEN Hong-yu;LIU Feng;HE Hong;and YU Sha
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2395-2400.
• Abstract ( 1489 ) HTML ( 1553 ) PDF (589KB) ( 1553 ) 　　　
• The diseased plants of Pachira macrocarpa showing symptoms of phytophthora blight were collected from Zhanjiang，Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2009. This study proved that the pathogen was a kind of fungus by test of Koch’s postulates. The pathogenic fungus was identified as Phytophthora palmivora based on pathogenicity and morphology，host range and sequence analysis of rDNA-ITS.
• Related Articles | Metrics

Technologies and Methods

• Optimizing Multiple Detection and Phylogenetic Studies on Grapevine leafroll associated virus-3 and Grapevine virus A
• WANG Jian-hui;;LIU Jian-jun;CHEN Ke-ling;LI Hong-wen;XI De-hui;and LIN Hong-hui;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2401-2410.
• Abstract ( 1620 ) HTML ( 1729 ) PDF (667KB) ( 1729 ) 　　　
• Co-infection of Grapevine leafroll associated virus-3（GLRaV-3）and Grapevine virus A（GVA）was a common phenomenon on some cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. × Vitis labrusca L. in Sichuan Province. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and qRT-PCR were used to investigate the relative accumulations of the aforementioned two viruses in different tissues of infected grape trees（Vitis vinifera L. × V. labrusca L. ‘Himrod’）. The results suggested the relative accumulations of viruses in petiole and phloem were higher than that of others tissues. The multiple RT-PCR was developed to amplify the target genes of GLRaV-3 and GVA in phloem tissues of mature shoots（Vitis vinifera L. × V. labrusca L.‘Fujiminori’）simultaneously. The full length of coat protein gene（CP）of GLRaV-3 and partial genome region of GVA（including partial sequence of CP and full length of viral suppressor of RNA silencing gene，VSR）were cloned from V. vinifera L. × V. labrusca L.‘Fujiminori’separately. The nucleotide homology analysis and phylogenetic studies on different isolates of each virus were possibly revealed that CP from different GLRaV-3 isolates was highly conserved，whereas GVA Sichuan isolate contained very divergent variants and thus it could be quasispecies.
• Related Articles | Metrics

New Cultivars

• A New Peach Cultivar‘Jiuyan’
• XIAO Xiao;ZHANG Li-bin;LIU Jian-zhen;SONG Li-qin;FENG Yu-min;and YU Feng-ming
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2411-2412.
• Abstract ( 1181 ) HTML ( 1057 ) PDF (129KB) ( 1057 ) 　　　
• ‘Jiuyan’peach is a new peach cultivar selected from seedling of‘Okubo’peach. The fruit development period is 91 days. The average fruit weight is 237 g. The fruit shape is round with a round-flat fruit top. The fruit skin color is bright and flush degree is above 80%. The flesh is white with intermediate red pigment，hard melting and free stone. The sweetness is suitable with 12.5% of soluble solids content. It has high yield with the fruit setting ratio of self-pollination.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Fresh Consuming and Sour Jujube Cultivar‘Jingzao 18’
• PAN Qing-hua;ZHANG Yu-ping;BAI Jin;JIN Wan-mei;and LI Shao-ning
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2413-2414.
• Abstract ( 1389 ) HTML ( 1054 ) PDF (179KB) ( 1054 ) 　　　
• ‘Jingzao 18’is a new sour jujube cultivar which was selected from a Beijing’s ancient satus jujube tree after many times grafting and regional testing. The fruit is cylindrical in shape. The average mass of single fruit is 11.8 g. The peel is purple-red. The flesh is crisp and contains abundant sour juice. The soluble solids content is 31.6%，total sugar content is 23.3%，vitamin C content is 3.74 mg · g-1，and the titratable acid is 1.44%. The quality is excellent. The fruits mature in the mid-early September in Beijing.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Chestnut Cultivar‘Bayue Hong’
• CHENG Jun-yong;ZHOU Xi-hua;XU Chun-yong;XU Yong-jie;LI Ai-hua;LUO Zhi-jian;LI Jin-zhu;and XIANG Shan-shan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2415-2416.
• Abstract ( 1294 ) HTML ( 1099 ) PDF (185KB) ( 1099 ) 　　　
• ‘Bayue Hong’is a new chestnut cultivar selected from seedlings of Luotian Chestnut. It shows big nut，high yield，good quality and barrenness tolerance. The nut is dark red，and the pulp tasted a little sweet. The cultivar is suitable for cultivation in chestnut region of Hubei Province.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Early-maturing Autumn Cabbage Hybrid‘Huifeng 7’
• WANG Cui-xian;WU Yong-hui;and GU Xiao-bin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2417-2418.
• Abstract ( 1281 ) HTML ( 859 ) PDF (166KB) ( 859 ) 　　　
• ‘Huifeng 7’is a new early-maturing hybrid of autumn cabbage which is developed from two self-incompatible lines of 9001-17 and 9106-2. It takes 62 days from planting to harvest. It grows moderately，and has dark green external leaves，moderate wax，round head with good compaction. The cabbage is crisp and tender，with good flavor and high quality. The mass of single head is 1.07 kg and the yield is 47.37–53.37 t · hm-2. It is resistant to heat and disease. As an early autumn cabbage，it is adapted to Northern China and other provinces such as Yunnan，Hubei etc.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Celery Cultivar‘Xiyu 1’
• GUAN Xu;WANG An;REN Zhan-sheng;LI Fang-xiang;LU Yu-rong;LIU Hai-heng;ZHAO Jian-she;GUO Peng-fei;and GAO Wei-heng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2419-2420.
• Abstract ( 1248 ) HTML ( 1056 ) PDF (199KB) ( 1056 ) 　　　
• ‘Xiyu 1’is a new celery cultivar which is bred by maternal selection method from progeny of two Japanese cultivars JC-1 and white celery crossed. The plant is 75 cm tall. Its petiole is yellow-green. The lengh of the petiole is 40 cm，the width is 2.3 cm，the thickness of the central cross section is 1 cm. The back strip of the stem is 10，and the vascular bundle is 12. The protein content is 2.0%，the sugar content is 1.9%，the vitamin C content is 0.67 mg · kg-1，the fiber content is 0.57%. It has excelent taste. The growth period of the cultivar is 80 days. The plant grow fast. It can be harvested after 60 days from transplanting. The yield is up to 130 t · hm-2，and the weight of a plant is 2 kg. The winter adaptability is strong.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Cultivar of Lilium Oriental Hybrid‘Joyous Event’
• CHENG Qian-fa and QIU Min;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2421-2422.
• Abstract ( 1608 ) HTML ( 1033 ) PDF (149KB) ( 1033 ) 　　　
• ‘Joyous Event’is a new pot oriental lily cultivar which is selected from‘Acpulco’× ‘Miami’. The plant is small with an average height of 52 cm. It has 3–4 flowers for 12–14 cm bulbs，5–8 flowers for 16–18 cm bulbs. The flower is pink，the buds are large and the flowering period is long. The stem is thick and rigid. It has strong adaptability and resistance of leaves burning. Bulbs breeding cycle is short.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Euphorbia pulcherrima Cultivar‘Shanliang’
• HUANG Zi-feng;WANG Feng-lan;ZHOU Hou-gao;and WANG Yan-jun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2423-2424.
• Abstract ( 1337 ) HTML ( 922 ) PDF (139KB) ( 922 ) 　　　
• ‘Shanliang’is a new poinsettia hybrid developed by crossing female parent‘Prestige’× male parent‘Gold medal’. It is stable. The new cultivar is characterized by light green leaves，bright red bracts，flatting and big diameter.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Turf-type Bermudagrass Cultivar‘Baoding Gouyagen’
• LI Hui-bin;ZHAO Yu-jing;WANG Li-hong;ZHANG Li-feng;and BIAN Xiu-ju;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2425-2426.
• Abstract ( 1265 ) HTML ( 1073 ) PDF (161KB) ( 1073 ) 　　　
• Cynodon dactylon（L.）Pers.‘Baoding Gouyagen’Is a new turf-type cultivar of bermudagrass selected from wild germplasms in Baoding，Hebei Province. It provides excellent turf characteristics such as lower growth height，high density and dark green.‘Baoding Gouyagen’needs less or no mowing，which is suitable for establishment of ornamental turf，public lawn and water-soil conservation green in the plains region from Baoding and Cangzhou，Hebei Province southward to Henan and Shandong Province.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Ganoderma lucidum Cultivar‘Taishan Chilingzhi 1（TL-1）’
• LAN Yu-fei;AN Xiu-rong;WANG Qing-wu;WANG Ming-cai;YU Qing-wei;TANG Li-na;and LI Xiu-mei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(12): 2427-2428.
• Abstract ( 1189 ) HTML ( 1084 ) PDF (207KB) ( 1084 ) 　　　
• The new Ganoderma lucidum cultivar‘Taishan Chilingzhi 1（TL-1）’was derived from wild species collected from Mountain Tai. The optimum growth temperature of mycelia is 25–28 ℃，and the optimum temperature for fructification stage is 25–30 ℃. It takes about 45 days for mycelium full run when using bag culture. It usually takes 55 days from primordial formation to harvest. The pileus is semi-circle，mahogany to muddy colour and glossy. The biological efficiency of dry goods is above 14%. It has high yield and the fruiting body appearance tidiness.
• Related Articles | Metrics