Reviews

• Advances in Quality and Maturity Breeding of Important Deciduous Fruit Trees in China
• CHEN Xuesen, WANG Nan, PENG Futian, MAO Zhiquan, YIN Chengmiao, JIANG Yuanmao, GE Shunfeng, HU Dagang, LI Yuanyuan, DU Yuanpeng, YAO Yuxin, ZHANG Zongying
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 8-26. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0271
• Abstract ( 426 ) HTML ( 510 ) PDF (1551KB) ( 510 ) 　　　

• In China，there are four kinds of important deciduous fruit trees with a cultivation area of over 666 700 hm²：apple，pear，peach and grape. According to the quality and maturity，several generations of domestic genetic breeders，after decades of collaborative innovation and joint research，created a high-quality and efficient breeding technology system on the basis of excellent germplasm evaluation and creation，and bred a series of high-quality new cultivars of apples and pears with high quality，storability，different maturity and diverse characteristics，and bred high-quality new cultivars of peaches and grapes in early，middle and late maturity. A high-quality and efficient supporting cultivation technology system for new cultivars has been developed，which has promoted the large-scale popularization and application of independent research and development of new cultivars and the high-quality and efficient development of the industry，and provided important support for ensuring the annual demand for high-quality fruits.

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• Progress and Trends in Development of Pepper Industry: High Quality，Good Taste of Fresh Pepper
• ZOU Xuexiao, YANG Sha, ZHU Fan, YUAN Fang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 27-38. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0352
• Abstract ( 282 ) HTML ( 264 ) PDF (773KB) ( 264 ) 　　　

• The quality of fresh peppers encompasses factors such as nutrition，taste，and appearance. When the food is abundant and nutritious，people are paying more attention to taste quality. High-quality fresh peppers have become as a new growth driver and a hotspot in the pepper industry in China. Currently，three types of high-quality fresh peppers are prominent：thin-skinned pickled peppers，screw peppers，and tender spicy peppers. This article provides an overview of high-quality fresh peppers，discusses the significance of developing such varieties，outlines the harvesting standards，explores the presence of exceptional genetic resources，delves into the breeding history，current status，and achievements，and addresses market demands and challenges. Furthermore，the article identifies future breeding trends for high-quality fresh chili peppers，emphasizing the importance of brand-oriented breeding，the development of varieties suitable for large-scale production，and the cultivation of specialized processing varieties.

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• Advances in Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing and Its Application in Horticultural Plants
• ZHAI Tingkai, MA Xiangwei, CHEN Yan, ZHANG Xueying, LI Zhuoyun, XÜ Luzhen, FU Zhuoran, LAI Zhongxiong, LIN Yuling
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 39-52. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0125
• Abstract ( 200 ) HTML ( 154 ) PDF (1219KB) ( 154 ) 　　　

• In recent years，chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing technology (ChIP-seq) based on the combination of chromatin immunoprecipitation technology (ChIP) and second-generation sequencing technology has been widely used to study the interaction between DNA and proteins. It has great advantages in analyzing the expression and regulation of horticultural plant genes，screening and mapping of target genes，construction of regulatory networks，and confirmation of chromatin openness. This paper reviews the development history of ChIP-seq technology and its progress in the modification of transcription factors and histones in horticultural plants，with the aim of providing theoretical reference for the study of DNA-protein interactions in horticultural plants.

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• Research Progress on Phylogeny and Classification of Camellia
• KUANG Xuekun, ZHENG Qian, KONG Qingbo, ZHOU Jiasi, ZHOU Lijun, FENG Shiling, DING Chunbang, CHEN Tao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 53-66. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0192
• Abstract ( 189 ) HTML ( 137 ) PDF (1903KB) ( 137 ) 　　　

• The genus Camellia comprises a vast number of species that are widely distributed across various regions. The frequent inter-specific hybridization results in，controversial and unstable taxonomy and systematics among different species，which also poses a greater challenge for infrageneric classification within Camellia. Based on morphological features，Sealy，Chang Hongda，and Min Tianlu have established three classification systems for species in the genus. However they hold different opinions on the taxonomic significance of each character. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the classification and phylogenetic research progress on the Camellia genus from a global perspectives. Pertinent research on phylogeny reconstruction of Camellia genus based on various marker types were summarized，appraise the merits and demerits of these markers in elucidating phylogenetic relationships，and propose future research directions to address current classification issues. The paper provides valuable insights into reconstructing the systematic relationship within the Camellia genus and resolving classification disputes.

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Genetic & Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Biology

• Mapping of Gene Regulating Citric Acid Content in Tomato Fruit
• TIAN Maosen, ZHOU Zhen, WANG Haijing, CUI Xia, SUN Shuai
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 67-76. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0047
• Abstract ( 233 ) HTML ( 156 ) PDF (1414KB) ( 156 ) 　　　

• The content of citric acid in tomato fruit is one of the key factors affecting the flavor. Due to the citric acid content is greatly affected by the environment few genes related with citric acid content have been cloned. In this study，six QTLs，which control the content of citric acid，were identified using a recombinant inbred lines generated by crossing modern cultivated tomato‘Moneymaker’and S. pimpinellifolium‘PI365967’. Among them，q-CA6.1，a major QTL located at the terminal of chromosome 6，contributed 19.28% variation of citric acid content. To map qCA6.1 gene a BC₂F₂ mapping population was obtained by crossing two RILs with significant difference in citric acid content and with similar genotype and the difference only around the qCA6.1 region. The qCA6.1 gene were narrowed into 342 kb region including 47 gene. The development of linked molecular markers provides technical support for improving citric acid content in tomato breeding.

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• Mining of Genetic Locus of Phenylethyl Alcohol Primrose Glycoside Abundance in Tea Plants
• ZHANG Lilan, YANG Jun, WANG Rangjian
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 77-90. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0105
• Abstract ( 147 ) HTML ( 75 ) PDF (1428KB) ( 75 ) 　　　

• In this study，169 tea germplasms were used as the association population，and 675 245 high-quality SNP markers developed based on the simplified genome sequencing technology were used to perform genome-wide association study（GWAS）on the content of phenylethanol primrose glycosides in tea shoots from 2018 to 2020. The results demonstrated that the variation coefficient of phenylethanol primrose glycoside content among tea germplasms in different years was 61.50%-62.09%，the correlation coefficient was 0.95-0.98（P < 0.01），and the generalized heritability was 67.49%. Three GWAS analysis models detected a total of 24 stable sites（P < 0.001）which significantly associated with phenylethanol primrose glycosides in tea plants，explaining phenotypic variation rates ranging from 0.01% to 10.63%. Thirty-six excellent germplasm with excellent allelic variations at 24 major loci were identified and significantly increased phenylethanol primrose glycoside content by allelic effect analysis. A total of 10 candidate genes related to phenylethanol primrose glycoside content were preliminarily screened，namely TEA020086.1，TEA003248.1，TEA013029.1，TEA021435.1，TEA016196.1，TEA029411.1，TEA014564.1，TEA014567.1，TEA014571.1，and TEA014573.1，mainly involving secondary metabolism and transcrip- tional regulation molecular processes.

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• Cloning and Expression Analysis of Mg-Chelatase H Subunit Gene CsChlH in Tea Plant（Camellia sinensis）
• YE Yufan, WANG Yujie, FU Qianyuan, WANG Lu, HAO Xinyuan, DING Changqing, WANG Xinchao, CAO Hongli, LI Nana
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 91-102. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0128
• Abstract ( 203 ) HTML ( 142 ) PDF (3176KB) ( 142 ) 　　　

• In this study，the complete open reading frame sequence of CsChlH gene encoded 1 382 amino acid residues was cloned in tea plant（NCBI accession number：ON256194）. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that CsChlH was closely related to AcChlH of kiwifruit. Promoter cloning and sequence analysis showed that CsChlH gene may respond to multiple signals such as light，drought，heat shock，low temperature，ABA，ethylene，and may regulate the metabolism of chlorophylls，flavonoids，sugars，as well as the development of chloroplast，mesophyll，guard cell and other organs. CsChlH protein was localized in the chloroplast. Tissue-specific expression analysis found that CsChlH gene was highly expressed in the chlorophyll-rich source tissues but lowly expressed in the chlorophyll-deficient sink tissues. The expression of CsChlH gene was down-regulated in response to long-term low light conditions，cold and drought stresses，while up-regulated by short-term ABA，ethylene and long-term heat stress. The results revealed that CsChlH gene played a vital role in the regulation of chlorophyll metabolism and stress resistance of tea plant.

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Cultivation·Physiology & Biochemistry

• The Effect of Melatonin on the Subcellular Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism During Development and Senescence in Grape Leaves
• WANG Yuhang, LI Dou, WANG Chunheng, JIN Xin, CHENG Yajuan, DAI Zibo, FENG Lidan, YANG Jiangshan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 103-120. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-1214
• Abstract ( 215 ) HTML ( 140 ) PDF (2250KB) ( 140 ) 　　　

• The 12-year-old of‘Red Globe’grapes were treated with DL-4-chlorophenylalanine（CPA，200 μmol · L^-1，melatonin synthesis inhibitor），50–200 μmol · L^-1 melatonin（MT）and distilled water（control），respectively，by foliar spraying at early June（22 d of leaf age）. The sprays were applied five times with an interval of 30 d. The leaf chlorophyll content，reactive oxygen species levels，superoxide dismutase（SOD），peroxidase（POD），catalase（CAT），and ascorbic acid–glutathione（AsA–GSH）cycle enzyme activities in chloroplast，mitochondrial，and cytosolic fractions were measured periodically. The results showed that the content of chlorophyll rapidly decreased，reactive oxygen species levels in each subcellular fraction gradually increased，and the activity of antioxidant enzymes and AsA–GSH cycle enzyme gradually decreased at 115 d of leaf development. Among subcellular fractions，the $\mathrm{O}_{2}^{\overline{·}}$ level was highest in the chloroplasts and the H₂O₂ level was highest in the cytosol during leaf senescence. 150 μmol · L^-1 MT treatment significantly decreased the $\mathrm{O}_{2}^{\overline{·}}$ and H₂O₂ levels，while the activities of SOD，POD，and CAT were significantly increased in each subcellular fraction. Meanwhile，the MT treatment at 150 μmol · L^-1 significantly increased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase（APX），ascorbate oxidase （AAO），dehydroascorbate reductase（DHAR），monodehydroascorbate reductase（MDHAR），and glutathione reductase（GR）in each subcellular fraction，leading to a significant increase in AsA，DHA and GSH contents，as well as the contents of chlorophyll a，chlorophyll b，and carotenoid in grape leaves. As a result，the senescence process of leaves was delayed. On the contrary，the CPA treatment inhibited the activities of antioxidant enzymes and AsA–GSH cycle enzyme in each subcellular fraction，and the reactive oxygen species levels in each subcellular fraction were increased and the chlorophyll content decreased. In summary，exogenous MT increases the AsA and GSH contents in leaf subcellular fractions by increasing SOD，POD，CAT and AsA–GSH cycle enzyme activities，and thus enhances the antioxidant capacity of leaves，which in turn effectively scavenges ROS，resulting in delaying the leaf senescence in grape.

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• Effect of Boron Deficiency on the Root Growth and Mitochondrial Function of Trifoliate Orange Seedlings
• JIN Tian, XU Yuemei, KUANG Guanling, LIU Guidong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 121-132. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-1116
• Abstract ( 132 ) HTML ( 113 ) PDF (2445KB) ( 113 ) 　　　

• The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of boron（B）deficiency on the root injury of trifoliate orange[Poncirus trifoliata（L.）Raf.]seedlings. Trifoliate orange seedlings were incubated in nutrient solution containing different levels of B（0 and 10 μmol · L^-1）of which 0 μmol · L^-1 was considered as deficient B and 10 μmol · L^-1 was considered as control. Root growth parameters，mitochondrial reactive oxygen species metabolism，antioxidant enzyme activities，and mitochondrial function and ultrastructure were measured in this study. The results showed that B deficiency treatment inhibited root growth and activity，and the total root length，root surface area，root volume，average root diameter and biomass decreased significantly. Boron deficiency treatment increased the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide（H₂O₂）and malondialdehyde（MDA）but significantly decreased superoxide dismutase （SOD），peroxidase（POD）and catalase（CAT）activities in root mitochondria. Boron deficiency treatment also reduced the change of mitochondrial membrane absorbance，indicating that the openness of mitochondrial permeability transition pore was increased. Boron deficiency treatment decreased mitochondrial membrane fluidity，membrane potential and cytochrome c/a，and significantly reduced ATP synthesis due to impaired mitochondrial function. The transmission electron microscopy results showed that the root system’s mitochondrial structure was damaged due to B deficiency treatment，causing the reduced mitochondrial crest and the occurrence of cavitation. In summary，B deficiency treatment significantly inhibits the growth and development of trifoliate orange seedlings，and its mechanism may be related to the damage of mitochondrial structure and function.

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• Metabolomic Analysis of Garlic Seedling Under Drought Stress
• TIAN Jie, ZHOU Qianyi, TIE Yuanyu, SUN Haihong, and HUANG Sijie
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 133-144. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0888
• Abstract ( 220 ) HTML ( 148 ) PDF (3026KB) ( 148 ) 　　　

• Using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry extensively targeted metabolomics，garlic leaves metabolic components were detected and analyzed by principal component analysis，orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis，cluster analysis，enrichment analysis and correlation analysis. As a result，a total of 743 metabolites in 23 classes were identified，313 up-regulated and 430 down-regulated metabolites，with 134 differential metabolites，accounting for 18.03% of the overall metabolites. The highest number of up- and down-regulated differential metabolites were flavone，phenylpropanoids，flavonol，flavonoid，nucleotide and derivatives，amino acid and derivatives，carbohydrates，organic acid and derivatives，which were mainly enriched in the flavone and flavonol biosynthesis. The number of different metabolites of flavonoids in the leaves of garlic sprout after drought stress was higher and up-regulated. The metabolic pathways of garlic flavonoids were analyzed，and caffeate acid and tricin O-malonylhexoside were the most up-regulated metabolites. It was speculated that the increase of flavone and phenylpropanoids under drought stress significantly improved the drought resistance of garlic.

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• Research on the Dynamic Change of Tea Quality-related Chemical Compositions During‘Danxia 2’Black Tea Processing
• XU Xuhua, HUANG Wenjie, CHEN Xufeng, CHEN Yuanyuan, WU Shaowen, LI Hongjian, YAN Shijuan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 145-161. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0019
• Abstract ( 114 ) HTML ( 75 ) PDF (3495KB) ( 75 ) 　　　

• To explore the dynamic changes of secondary metabolites in five processing stages (fresh leaf plucking，withering，rolling，fermentation and drying) of‘Danxia 2’black tea and the impact of those metabolites on the formation of black tea quality，liquid chromatography coupled with a hybrid quadrupole linear ion trap orbitrap mass spectrometry（LC-Q-LIT-OT-MS）-based metabolomic study is performed. In‘Danxia 2’tea leaves，124 metabolites were identified，including 22 catechins，19 catechin polymers， 32 flavone and flavone glycosides. Multivariate statistical analysis of metabonomic data showed that during the black tea processing of‘Danxia 2’，there were 162，412，308，and 126 metabolites significantly changed from fresh leaves plucking to withering，withering to rolling，rolling to fermentation，and fermentation to drying，respectively. The type and content of metabolites of black tea quality characteristic components changed most significantly during rolling and fermentation. The content of catechins showed a downward trend as a whole. The relative contents of catechin polymers increased dramatically at the rolling period，and then decreased gradually during the fermentation and drying process. The content of flavone and flavone glycosides showed an increasing trend，mainly peaked at the rolling or fermentation stage. The contents of catechins，catechin polymers，flavone and their glycosides showed positive correlation with the contents of aspartic acid，glutamine，phenylalanine and soluble sugar.

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Plant Protection

• Bacillus velezensis HY19 Volatile Organic Compounds as a Preservative in Postharvest Citrus Fruit Management
• LI Suping, LI Wei, HAN Leng, HUANG Jianguo
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 162-174. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0265
• Abstract ( 144 ) HTML ( 84 ) PDF (1347KB) ( 84 ) 　　　

• To evaluate the potential of Bacillus velezensis HY19 volatile organic compounds（VOCs）as a citrus fruit preservative，the suppression of HY19 and its VOCs on the main pathogens（Penicillium italicum and P. digitatum）of postharvest diseases of citrus fruit was studied through culture experiments in confrontation and bipartite plate. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of antifungal active substances in VOCs was conducted with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. And the control efficiency of VOCs on post-harvest diseases of citrus fruit was studied through artificial inoculation tests and storage experiments at room temperature. The results showed that strain HY19 and its VOCs significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of P. italicum and P. digitatum. Eighteen antifungal substances were found in the VOCs，including 2-tridecanone，dibutyl phthalate，1-nonanol，benzoic acid，etc. The VOCs induced the activities of defense enzymes（SOD and POD）in citrus fruit peels，decreased the cell membrane permeability and malondialdehyde content，reduced the damage of pathogens to the peels，and improved the resistance of peels to diseases. The control efficacies of the VOCs against blue mold and green mold reached 59.65% and 64.11%，respectively. After 15 and 30 d of citrus fruit storage at room temperature，the VOCs considerably reduced the decay rate of citrus fruit，with the preservative efficacies of 57.04%（15 d）and 58.07%（30 d），respectively，and had no influence on fruit quality. In summary，B. velezensis HY19 had the potential to be developed as a preservative for postharvest citrus fruit.

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• Identification and Mechanism Characterization of Antagonistic Actinomyces SD-64 Against Pepper Southern Blight
• LIU Shida, QIU Zelan, LI Xiaogang, ZHONG Jie, ZHU Junzi
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 175-189. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0058
• Abstract ( 116 ) HTML ( 77 ) PDF (6773KB) ( 77 ) 　　　

• In this study，a strain of Streptomyces SD-64 was screened from the rhizosphere soil of peppers by plate confrontation method，which has strong antagonistic effects on Sclerotium rolfsii. It was identified by morphological observation and molecular biology method，and its control effect on pepper southern blight and its mechanism of action were evaluated. The crude extract from the fermentation broth of strain SD-64 was extracted. The plate bioassay showed that strain SD-64 the inhibition rate on S. rolfsii 99.27%. Based on morphology and 16S rDNA identification，SD-64 was identified as Streptomyces griseoaurantiacus. SD-64 could produce melanin and cellulase. Its fermentation products could affect the formation and germination of sclerotium，affect hyphal morphology，destroy the integrity of cell membrane，and increase the accumulation of reactive oxygen species（ROS）in hyphae. The test of control effect of in vitro and pot experiment showed that the fermentation solution of SD-64 could significantly reduce the incidence of pepper southern blight. The EC₅₀ of the crude extract from SD-64 fermentation broth against S.rolfsii was 78.281 μg · mL^-1. In conclusion，the strain SD-64 has good control effect on pepper southern blight and has the potential for development and application.

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• Analysis and Identification of Endogenous Viral Elements in Solanaceous Crop Genome
• CHEN Ruhao, MENG Fanye, YANG Manhua, CHEN Jiaru, ZOU Ying, SONG Botao, MA Hui, NIE Bihua
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 190-202. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-1197
• Abstract ( 122 ) HTML ( 62 ) PDF (1996KB) ( 62 ) 　　　

• In this study，an analysis of endogenous virus elements（EVEs）were conducted from 35 open genome data sequences of six Solanaceae species，resulting in the identification of 17 suspected plant EVEs primarily from Caulmoviridae. The analysis revealed that TVCV sequences were present as large fragments in nearly all sampled Solanaceae genomes，with a content ranging from 0.01% to 0.32%，an average length of 500 bp to 2 300 bp and a total number of sequences ranging from 200 to 5 000. Additionally，the distribution and composition of endogenous TVCV sequences were investigated in the potato DM1-3 genome. The results found they were dispersed across 12 chromosomes with an average of 57 sequences on each chromosome. These endogenous sequences were compared with the TVCV genome，and although they did not cover the complete genome sequence of TVCV，they covered the complete coding region. Furthermore，the presence and distribution of TVCV were comfirmed in potato materials by RT-PCR followed by in situ hybridization.

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• Genetic Variability and Host Adaption of Cymbidium Mosaic Virus
• GUAN Xiayu, CHEN Xihong, GUO Jing, LÜ Haoyang, LIANG Chenyuan, GAO Fangluan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 203-212. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0170
• Abstract ( 137 ) HTML ( 61 ) PDF (2070KB) ( 61 ) 　　　

• Cymbidium mosaic virus（CymMV）is a highly destructive plant pathogen that inflicts significant losses on orchid production. This study investigates the genetic variability and adaptive evolution of CymMV. The coat protein（CP）gene of 16 CymMV isolates from Dendrobium nobile was sequenced and analyzed alongside published CP sequences of 52 CymMV isolates from various host plants in China. Analysis reveals a substantial genetic diversity within the CP gene，with an overall nucleotide diversity of 0.039 and a haplotype diversity of 0.992. AMOVA tests demonstrate that the molecular variation among individuals accounts for 71.72% of the total variation of CymMV. Population structure analysis classifies CymMV into two distinct clusters. Cluster 1 exclusively consists of CymMV isolates from Cymbidium ensifolium，while Cluster 2 encompasses CymMV isolates from multiple host species，yet isolates from the same host species tend to form subclusters. Furthermore，a robust association between the phylogeny and host species of CymMV is revealed through phylogeny-trait association analysis. Overall，the findings of this study indicate that the genetic variation of CymMV is specific to its host species，suggesting that its evolution is primarily driven by selection pressures imposed by its hosts.

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New Cultivars

• A New Spring Cabbage Cultivar‘Zhonggan D22’
• LÜ Honghao, ZHANG Yangyong, $\boxed{\hbox{FANG Zhiyuan}}$, YANG Limei, ZHUANG Mu, LIU Yumei, WANG Yong, JI Jialei, LI Zhansheng, HAN Fengqing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 213-214. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0951
• Abstract ( 151 ) HTML ( 119 ) PDF (1337KB) ( 119 ) 　　　

• ‘Zhonggan D22’is a spring cabbage hybrid derived from the cytoplasmic male sterile line CMS87-534 and the double haploid line D22. The plant is semi-flat in the architecture and the outer leaves are horizontal elliptical in the shape. The leaf head is round in the shape and green in the color，with the weight of around 1.0 kg. The leaf head is soft and tastes crisp and tender，with high product quality. It has broad adaptability and high tolerance to premature bolting. It takes about 60 days from transplantation to harvest when planted in the open field in North China as the spring cabbage，with the average yield of 67 600 kg · hm^-2. It is suitable for open-field cultivation in spring in Beijing，Hebei，Henan，Gansu，Shaanxi，Zhejiang，Liaoning，Fujian，etc.

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• A New Autumn-winter Cabbage Hybrid‘Zhonggan 1388’
• JI Jialei, ZHANG Yangyong, YANG Limei, $\boxed{\hbox{FANG Zhiyuan}}$, LÜ Honghao, ZHUANG Mu, WANG Yong, LIU Yumei, LI Zhansheng, HAN Fengqing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 215-216. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0957
• Abstract ( 115 ) HTML ( 58 ) PDF (1133KB) ( 58 ) 　　　

• ‘Zhonggan 1388’is an early-maturing autumn-winter cabbage hybrid derived from the cytoplasmic male sterile line CMS726-3 and the inbred line ML2388-5-3. The head is round in shape and green in color，with the weight of 1.0 kg. The leaf head tastes crisp and tender，with high quality. It has high resistance to Fusarium wilt and high tolerance to premature bolting. It takes about 60 days from transplantation to harvest when planted in the open field in North China as the autumn-winter cabbage. It is suitable for open field cultivation in autumn-winter in Hebei，Shandong，Henan，Jiangsu，Yunnan，Hubei，Fujian，Zhejiang，Shanxi，Neimenggu，Gansu，etc.

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• A New Automn Cabbage Hybrid Cultivar‘Zhonggan 596’
• WANG Yong, YANG Limei, $\boxed{\hbox{FANG Zhiyuan}}$, ZHANG Yangyong, JI Jialei, LÜ Honghao, ZHUANG Mu, LIU Yumei, LI Zhansheng, Han Fengqing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(1): 217-218. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0962
• Abstract ( 373 ) HTML ( 64 ) PDF (1231KB) ( 64 ) 　　　

• ‘Zhonggan 596’is an mediumearly-maturing autumn cabbage hybrid derived from the cytoplasmic male sterile line CMS07-521 and the inbred line 09-957. The head is round in shape，with the weight of 2.0 kg；It has broad adaptability，resistance to Fusarium wilt and tolerance to black rot. It takes 65-70 days from transplantation to harvest when planted in the open field in North China as the autumn cabbage. The average yield is 78 750 kg · hm^-2. It is suitable for planting in open field in autumn in Hebei，Henan，Shanxi，Shaanxi，Shandong，Hubei，Guizhou，Guangxi，Inner Mongolia，Liaoning，Heilongjiang，and Yunnan，etc.

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