Antagonistic Activity of Volatile Organic Compounds of Bacillus cereus Strain G3-17 Against Apple Ring Rot

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0453

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (6): 1403-1412.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0453

• Plant Protection • Previous Articles Next Articles

Antagonistic Activity of Volatile Organic Compounds of Bacillus cereus Strain G3-17 Against Apple Ring Rot

QIN Genhong¹^,², YUAN Hongbo¹^,³, WANG Zhuoni¹, SHI Bingke¹, FAN Yangyang¹, WANG Li¹, ZHANG Meng², TU Hongtao¹^,³, XU Chao²^,^**(), HOU Hui¹^,³^,^**()

¹ Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Zhengzhou 450009，China
² College of Plant Protection，Henan Agricultural University，Zhengzhou 450009，China
³ Zhongyuan Research Center，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Xinxiang，Henan 453004，China

Received:2024-01-30 Revised:2024-04-23 Online:2024-12-18 Published:2024-06-22
Contact: XU Chao, HOU Hui

Abstract

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to analyze the antagonistic activity of volatile organic compounds（VOCs）of Bacillus cereus strain G3-17 against Botryosphaeria dothidea，and to explore the biological control methods of apple ring rot. The plate-to-plate experiment showed that the volatiles of Bacillus cereus strain G3-17 at different concentrations could significantly inhibit the growth of Botryosphaeria dothidea. Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the strain G3-17 mainly secreted six VOCs. Among them，benzaldehyde had the best inhibitory effect on Botryosphaeria dothidea，with an inhibition rate of 57.24%-100.00% in the concentration range of 125-625 μL · L^-1. Further results also showed that benzaldehyde treatment also destroyed the integrity of the cell membrane of Botryosphaeria dothidea. In addition，benzaldehyde treatment could induce the expression of apple fruit pathogenesis-related protein genes（MdPR1 and MdPR5）. Benzaldehyde treatment also could effectively control apple ring rot caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea，and the control effects were 39.80%，84.77% and 90.67% at the concentrations of 125，250 and 500 μL · L^-1，respectively. In summary，the volatiles of Bacillus cereus strain G3-17 and its main VOCs have good control potential against apple ring rot.

Key words: Bacillus cereus, apple ring rot, volatile organic compounds, benzaldehyde, biological control

QIN Genhong, YUAN Hongbo, WANG Zhuoni, SHI Bingke, FAN Yangyang, WANG Li, ZHANG Meng, TU Hongtao, XU Chao, HOU Hui. Antagonistic Activity of Volatile Organic Compounds of Bacillus cereus Strain G3-17 Against Apple Ring Rot[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(6): 1403-1412.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1 Primer sequences

基因 Gene	引物名称 Primer name	引物序列（5′-3′） Primer sequences
MdEF1α	MdEF1α-q_R	CAGTCAGCCTGTGATGTTCC
	MdEF1α-q_F	ATTCAAGTATGCCTGGGTGC
MdPR1	MdPR1-q_R	CCAGTGCTCATGGCAAGGTTTT
	MdPR1-q_F	GCAGCAGTAGGCGTTGGTCCCT
MdPR5	MdPR5-q_R	TTGGATGCTAGTTCGAAGC
	MdPR5-q_F	CTCACCTTGGCCATCCTCTT

Fig. 1 Suppression of VOCs of Bacillus cereus strain G3-17 on Botryosphaeria dothidea pathogen strain Bd220 Data are mean ± SD，different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05 level by Duncan’s multiple range test.

Table 2 GC-MS detection results of volatile organic compounds produced by strain G3-17 of Bacillus cereus

序号 Order number	保留时间/min Retention time	挥发性有机化合物 VOCs	相对峰面积 Relative hazard peak area	相对含量/% Relative content	CAS编号 CAS No.
1	19.551	苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	1 603 584	9.64	100-52-7
2	23.206	十六烷 Hexadecane	90 232	0.54	544-76-3
3	35.584	正二十一烷 Heneicosane	116 292	0.70	629-94-7
4	41.109	4-喹啉甲醛 4-Quinolinecarboxaldehyde	403 829	2.43	4363-93-3
5	41.949	二苯甲酮 Benzophenone	77 652	0.47	119-61-9
6	43.171	邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯 Diisobutyl phthalate	95 757	0.58	84-69-5

Fig. 2 Inhibitory effects of six volatile organic compounds with different concentration on mycelial growth of Botryosphaeria dothidea

Fig. 3 Suppression of benzaldehyde on apple ring rot

Table 3 Control effect of benzaldehyde on apple ring rot

苯甲醛/（μL · L^-1） Benzaldehyde	病斑直径/cm Lesion diameter	防治效果/% Control effect
0（对照Control）	2.78 ± 0.26 a
125	1.65 ± 0.17 b	39.80 ± 0.09 b
250	0.43 ± 0.06 c	84.77 ± 0.07 a
500	0.26 ± 0.11 c	90.67 ± 0.08 a

Fig. 4 The effects of fumigation treatment with benzaldehyde half maximum effect concentration（EC50）and 95% effective concentration （EC95）on the leakage of cell contents of Botryosphaeria dothidea. Different letters at the same time point indicated significant difference at the P < 0.05 level by Duncan’s new multiple range test.

Fig. 5 Effects of benzaldehyde fumigation on the expression of MdPR1 and MdPR5 in apple peel Different letters at the same time point indicated significant difference at the P < 0.05 level by Duncan’s new multiple range test.

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Antagonistic Activity of Volatile Organic Compounds of Bacillus cereus Strain G3-17 Against Apple Ring Rot

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