Analyzing Flavor and Functional Components in Tomatoes：a Review

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0315

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 423-438.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0315

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Analyzing Flavor and Functional Components in Tomatoes：a Review

SHEN Heng¹, WANG Lin¹, LI Qian¹, YUAN Shoujuan¹, ZHENG Wei³, WANG Taotao¹, YE Zhibiao¹, YANG Changxian¹^,²^,^*()

¹ Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology，Ministry of Education，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China
² Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang，Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences，Peking University，Weifang，Shandong 261325，China
³ Chuwei Institute of Advanced Seeds，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China

Received:2023-07-24 Revised:2024-01-15 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-02-27
Contact: YANG Changxian

Abstract

Abstract:

The flavor substances of tomato（Solanum lycopersicum）in tomatoes are mainly composed of soluble sugars（such as glucose and fructose），organic acids（citric acid and malic acid，etc.） and volatile substances（alcohols and esters，etc.）. Tomato also contains various functional components，such as ascorbic acid，lycopene，γ-aminobutyric acid，vitamin D and vitamin E. These components endow tomato fruit with important health functions. In this review，the composition，synthetic pathway and regulatory mechanism of flavor and functional components have been analyzed in tomato to create tomato germplasm that is rich in flavor substances and functional components through gene editing in the future. This lays the groundwork for cultivating functional tomato with good flavor.

Key words: tomato, flavor, functional components, synthesis pathway, regulatory mechanism, review

SHEN Heng, WANG Lin, LI Qian, YUAN Shoujuan, ZHENG Wei, WANG Taotao, YE Zhibiao, YANG Changxian. Analyzing Flavor and Functional Components in Tomatoes：a Review[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(2): 423-438.

Figures/Tables 3

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挥发性化合物Volatile compound	气味描述Odor descriptor
异戊醛3-Methylbutanal	清爽、花香、巧克力、桃、肥腻 Ethereal，aldehydic，chocolate，peach，fatty
2-甲基丁醛2-Methylbutanal	霉味、可可粉、咖啡、坚果 Musty，cocoa，coffee，nutty
3-甲基丁醇3-Methylbutanol	杂醇、油、酒精、威士忌酒、果香、香蕉 Fusel，oil，alcoholic，whiskey，fruity，banana
2-异丁基噻唑2-Isobutylthiazole	清新、芥末、水蜡、番茄、叶片、泥土、青菜、金属 Green，wasabi，privet，tomato，leaf，earthy，vegetable，metallic
1-戊烯-3-酮1-Penten-3-one	辛辣、胡椒、荠菜、大蒜、洋葱 Pungent，peppery，mustard，garlic，onion
顺式-3-乙烯醇 (Z)-3-Hexenal	清新、肥腻、青草、杂草、果味、苹果 Green，fatty，grassy，weedy，fruity，apple
己醛Hexanal	甘甜、杏仁、果味、清新、树叶、苹果、李、青菜 Sweet，almond，fruity，green，leafy，apple，plum，vegetable
反式-2-乙烯醛 (E)-2-Hexenal	略苦、新鲜、树叶、清新、清爽、果味、麻辣、草本 Sharp，fresh，leafy，green，clean，fruity，spicy，herbal
反式-2-庚烯醛 (E)-2-Heptenal	辛辣、清新、青菜、新鲜、肥腻 Pungent，green，vegetable，fresh，fatty
反式-2,4-癸二烯醛 (E, E)-2,4-Decadienal	油性、黄瓜、甜瓜、柑橘、南瓜、坚果、肉 Oily，cucumber，melon，citrus，pumpkin，nut，meat
苯乙醛Phenylacetaldehyde	清新、甘甜、花香、风信子、三叶草、蜂蜜、可可 Green，sweet，floral，hyacinth，clover，honey，cocoa
愈创木酚Guaiacol	酚醛、烟熏、香料、香草、木质 Phenolic，smoke，spice，vanilla，woody
2-苯乙醇2-Phenylethanol	甜味、花香、新鲜、面包、玫瑰、蜂蜜 Sweet，floral，fresh，bready，rose，honey
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate	冬青、薄荷 Wintergreen，mint
B-硝基苯乙烷1-Nitro-2-phenylethane	花朵、香料 Flower，spice
丁香酚Eugenol	甘甜、辛辣、丁香、木质 Sweet，spicy，clove，woody
6-甲基-5庚烯-2酮6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one	柑橘、清新、霉臭、柠檬、苹果Citrus，green，musty，lemongrass，apple
柠檬醛Geranial	辛辣、柠檬、甘甜 Sharp，lemon，sweet
大马士酮β-Damascenone	苹果、玫瑰、蜂蜜、烟草、甘甜 Apple，rose，honey，tobacco，sweet
香叶基丙酮Geranylacetone	新鲜、清新、果味、蜡质、玫瑰、木质、木兰花、浓香的热带水果Fresh，green，fruity，waxy，rose，woody，magnolia，tropical
β-紫罗兰酮β-Ionone	花香、木质、甜味、果味、浆果、浓香的热带水果、蜂蜡 Floral，woody，sweet，fruity，berry，tropical，beeswax

挥发性化合物Volatile compound	气味描述Odor descriptor
异戊醛3-Methylbutanal	清爽、花香、巧克力、桃、肥腻 Ethereal，aldehydic，chocolate，peach，fatty
2-甲基丁醛2-Methylbutanal	霉味、可可粉、咖啡、坚果 Musty，cocoa，coffee，nutty
3-甲基丁醇3-Methylbutanol	杂醇、油、酒精、威士忌酒、果香、香蕉 Fusel，oil，alcoholic，whiskey，fruity，banana
2-异丁基噻唑2-Isobutylthiazole	清新、芥末、水蜡、番茄、叶片、泥土、青菜、金属 Green，wasabi，privet，tomato，leaf，earthy，vegetable，metallic
1-戊烯-3-酮1-Penten-3-one	辛辣、胡椒、荠菜、大蒜、洋葱 Pungent，peppery，mustard，garlic，onion
顺式-3-乙烯醇 (Z)-3-Hexenal	清新、肥腻、青草、杂草、果味、苹果 Green，fatty，grassy，weedy，fruity，apple
己醛Hexanal	甘甜、杏仁、果味、清新、树叶、苹果、李、青菜 Sweet，almond，fruity，green，leafy，apple，plum，vegetable
反式-2-乙烯醛 (E)-2-Hexenal	略苦、新鲜、树叶、清新、清爽、果味、麻辣、草本 Sharp，fresh，leafy，green，clean，fruity，spicy，herbal
反式-2-庚烯醛 (E)-2-Heptenal	辛辣、清新、青菜、新鲜、肥腻 Pungent，green，vegetable，fresh，fatty
反式-2,4-癸二烯醛 (E, E)-2,4-Decadienal	油性、黄瓜、甜瓜、柑橘、南瓜、坚果、肉 Oily，cucumber，melon，citrus，pumpkin，nut，meat
苯乙醛Phenylacetaldehyde	清新、甘甜、花香、风信子、三叶草、蜂蜜、可可 Green，sweet，floral，hyacinth，clover，honey，cocoa
愈创木酚Guaiacol	酚醛、烟熏、香料、香草、木质 Phenolic，smoke，spice，vanilla，woody
2-苯乙醇2-Phenylethanol	甜味、花香、新鲜、面包、玫瑰、蜂蜜 Sweet，floral，fresh，bready，rose，honey
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate	冬青、薄荷 Wintergreen，mint
B-硝基苯乙烷1-Nitro-2-phenylethane	花朵、香料 Flower，spice
丁香酚Eugenol	甘甜、辛辣、丁香、木质 Sweet，spicy，clove，woody
6-甲基-5庚烯-2酮6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one	柑橘、清新、霉臭、柠檬、苹果Citrus，green，musty，lemongrass，apple
柠檬醛Geranial	辛辣、柠檬、甘甜 Sharp，lemon，sweet
大马士酮β-Damascenone	苹果、玫瑰、蜂蜜、烟草、甘甜 Apple，rose，honey，tobacco，sweet
香叶基丙酮Geranylacetone	新鲜、清新、果味、蜡质、玫瑰、木质、木兰花、浓香的热带水果Fresh，green，fruity，waxy，rose，woody，magnolia，tropical
β-紫罗兰酮β-Ionone	花香、木质、甜味、果味、浆果、浓香的热带水果、蜂蜡 Floral，woody，sweet，fruity，berry，tropical，beeswax

Analyzing Flavor and Functional Components in Tomatoes：a Review

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