Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (11): 2401-2416.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0924
• Genetic & Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Biology • Previous Articles Next Articles
YIN Lijuan1,*, WANG Chunxia1,*, LI Chenhao1, DING Xiaoling1, PAN Xiaona1, YU Rong2, MA Hanyue3, CHEN Xiuhong4, YANG Jianqiang1, ZHANG Xian1,**(), WEI Chunhua1,**(
)
Received:
2023-03-07
Revised:
2023-05-23
Online:
2023-11-25
Published:
2023-11-28
Contact:
ZHANG Xian, WEI Chunhua
YIN Lijuan, WANG Chunxia, LI Chenhao, DING Xiaoling, PAN Xiaona, YU Rong, MA Hanyue, CHEN Xiuhong, YANG Jianqiang, ZHANG Xian, WEI Chunhua. Screening and Phenotypic Analysis of EMS Induced Mutants in Watermelon[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(11): 2401-2416.
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URL: https://www.ahs.ac.cn/EN/10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0924
部位 Part | 描述 Description | 株数 Number of plant | 变异率/% Frequency |
---|---|---|---|
叶 Leaf | 叶片黄化 Leaf yellowing | 1 | 0.14 |
叶形变异 Leaf shape variation | 1 | 0.14 | |
幼苗期叶片畸形 Leaf deformity at seedling stage | 74 | 9.88 | |
叶色嵌合体 Leaf color chimera | 7 | 0.93 | |
叶片斑点 Leaf spots | 2 | 0.27 | |
花 Flower | 两性花 Bisexual flower | 11 | 1.47 |
雄花簇生 Male flowers clustered | 10 | 1.30 | |
雌花花瓣数变异 Variation of petal number of female flowers | 15 | 2.00 | |
雄花数变异 Number variation of male flowers | 23 | 3.07 | |
茎 Stem | 变态茎 Metamorphous stem | 3 | 0.40 |
植株叶片簇生 Plant leaves clustered | 5 | 0.67 | |
果实 Fruit | 瓜胎形状变异 Shape variation of melon embryo | 1 | 0.14 |
果皮条带变异 Pericarp banding variation | 1 | 0.14 | |
种子 Seed | 种子变小、变少、颜色变深 The seed becomes smaller,fewer and darker | 2 | 0.27 |
种皮表面有不规则裂纹 Irregular cracks on seed coat surface | 1 | 0.14 | |
总计 Total | 154 | 20.56 |
Table 1 Statistics on mutation types of M1 generation watermelon population induced by EMS seed soaking method
部位 Part | 描述 Description | 株数 Number of plant | 变异率/% Frequency |
---|---|---|---|
叶 Leaf | 叶片黄化 Leaf yellowing | 1 | 0.14 |
叶形变异 Leaf shape variation | 1 | 0.14 | |
幼苗期叶片畸形 Leaf deformity at seedling stage | 74 | 9.88 | |
叶色嵌合体 Leaf color chimera | 7 | 0.93 | |
叶片斑点 Leaf spots | 2 | 0.27 | |
花 Flower | 两性花 Bisexual flower | 11 | 1.47 |
雄花簇生 Male flowers clustered | 10 | 1.30 | |
雌花花瓣数变异 Variation of petal number of female flowers | 15 | 2.00 | |
雄花数变异 Number variation of male flowers | 23 | 3.07 | |
茎 Stem | 变态茎 Metamorphous stem | 3 | 0.40 |
植株叶片簇生 Plant leaves clustered | 5 | 0.67 | |
果实 Fruit | 瓜胎形状变异 Shape variation of melon embryo | 1 | 0.14 |
果皮条带变异 Pericarp banding variation | 1 | 0.14 | |
种子 Seed | 种子变小、变少、颜色变深 The seed becomes smaller,fewer and darker | 2 | 0.27 |
种皮表面有不规则裂纹 Irregular cracks on seed coat surface | 1 | 0.14 | |
总计 Total | 154 | 20.56 |
EMS/% | 子叶平展期 Cotyledon spreading stage | 一叶一心期 One leaf one heart stage | 两叶一心期 Two leaves and one heart stage |
---|---|---|---|
0(对照 Control) | 100.00 ± 0.00 a | 100.00 ± 0.00 a | 100.00 ± 0.00 a |
0.5 | 100.00 ± 0.00 a | 96.00 ± 6.93 a | 98.00 ± 3.46 ab |
1.0 | 89.67 ± 9.61 bc | 98.00 ± 3.46 a | 96.00 ± 3.46 ab |
1.5 | 100.00 ± 0.00 a | 98.00 ± 3.46 a | 89.67 ± 9.61 b |
2.0 | 83.33 ± 4.04 c | 98.00 ± 3.46 a | 96.00 ± 6.92 ab |
2.5 | 94.00 ± 6.00 ab | 90.67 ± 8.32 a | 100.00 ± 0.00 a |
Table 2 Effects of EMS drop seedling treatment on plant survival rate in different period
EMS/% | 子叶平展期 Cotyledon spreading stage | 一叶一心期 One leaf one heart stage | 两叶一心期 Two leaves and one heart stage |
---|---|---|---|
0(对照 Control) | 100.00 ± 0.00 a | 100.00 ± 0.00 a | 100.00 ± 0.00 a |
0.5 | 100.00 ± 0.00 a | 96.00 ± 6.93 a | 98.00 ± 3.46 ab |
1.0 | 89.67 ± 9.61 bc | 98.00 ± 3.46 a | 96.00 ± 3.46 ab |
1.5 | 100.00 ± 0.00 a | 98.00 ± 3.46 a | 89.67 ± 9.61 b |
2.0 | 83.33 ± 4.04 c | 98.00 ± 3.46 a | 96.00 ± 6.92 ab |
2.5 | 94.00 ± 6.00 ab | 90.67 ± 8.32 a | 100.00 ± 0.00 a |
部位 Part | 描述 Description | 株数 Number of plant | 突变率/% Frequency |
---|---|---|---|
叶 Leaf | 叶色黄化转绿Yellowing to greening of leaf color | 1 | 0.15 |
叶形变异 Leaf shape variation | 4 | 0.58 | |
叶色嵌合体 Leaf color chimera | 3 | 0.43 | |
花 Flower | 两性花 Bisexual flower | 57 | 8.27 |
雄花簇生 Male flowers clustered | 10 | 1.45 | |
花瓣畸形 Petal deformity | 6 | 0.87 | |
雌雄花并蒂 Unisexual flower | 3 | 0.43 | |
雌花花瓣数变异 Variation of petal number of female flowers | 15 | 2.18 | |
雄花数变异 Number variation of male flowers | 33 | 4.79 | |
强雄株 Strong male plant | 1 | 0.15 | |
总计 Total | M1群体变异类型 Population variation type of M1 generation | 133 | 19.30 |
Table 3 Statistics of mutation types in M1 generation population by seedling dropping method
部位 Part | 描述 Description | 株数 Number of plant | 突变率/% Frequency |
---|---|---|---|
叶 Leaf | 叶色黄化转绿Yellowing to greening of leaf color | 1 | 0.15 |
叶形变异 Leaf shape variation | 4 | 0.58 | |
叶色嵌合体 Leaf color chimera | 3 | 0.43 | |
花 Flower | 两性花 Bisexual flower | 57 | 8.27 |
雄花簇生 Male flowers clustered | 10 | 1.45 | |
花瓣畸形 Petal deformity | 6 | 0.87 | |
雌雄花并蒂 Unisexual flower | 3 | 0.43 | |
雌花花瓣数变异 Variation of petal number of female flowers | 15 | 2.18 | |
雄花数变异 Number variation of male flowers | 33 | 4.79 | |
强雄株 Strong male plant | 1 | 0.15 | |
总计 Total | M1群体变异类型 Population variation type of M1 generation | 133 | 19.30 |
部位 Part | 描述 Description | 株数 Number of plants | 突变率/% Frequency |
---|---|---|---|
叶 Leaf | 子叶连结 Cotyledon junction | 2 | 0.10 |
三片子叶 Three cotyledons | 7 | 0.34 | |
叶片畸形 Leaf deformity | 21 | 1.03 | |
叶片簇生 Leaf fascicle | 3 | 0.14 | |
叶色变浅 Pale leaf color | 19 | 0.94 | |
叶片黄化 Leaf yellowing | 2 | 0.10 | |
叶片黄绿 Leaf yellow green | 3 | 0.14 | |
叶片灰绿 Leaf gray green | 2 | 0.10 | |
叶缘内卷 Leaf margin involution | 3 | 0.14 | |
叶变狭长 Leaf become narrow and long | 1 | 0.05 | |
茎 Stem | 茎并生 Stem juxtaposition | 1 | 0.05 |
果实 Fruit | 果皮条带变异 Pericarp banding variation | 1 | 0.05 |
其他 Other | 生长发育迟缓 Growth retardation | 41 | 2.02 |
总计 Total | 106 | 5.21 |
Table 4 Statistics on mutation types of M2 generation watermelon induced by EMS(fall 2021 and spring 2022)
部位 Part | 描述 Description | 株数 Number of plants | 突变率/% Frequency |
---|---|---|---|
叶 Leaf | 子叶连结 Cotyledon junction | 2 | 0.10 |
三片子叶 Three cotyledons | 7 | 0.34 | |
叶片畸形 Leaf deformity | 21 | 1.03 | |
叶片簇生 Leaf fascicle | 3 | 0.14 | |
叶色变浅 Pale leaf color | 19 | 0.94 | |
叶片黄化 Leaf yellowing | 2 | 0.10 | |
叶片黄绿 Leaf yellow green | 3 | 0.14 | |
叶片灰绿 Leaf gray green | 2 | 0.10 | |
叶缘内卷 Leaf margin involution | 3 | 0.14 | |
叶变狭长 Leaf become narrow and long | 1 | 0.05 | |
茎 Stem | 茎并生 Stem juxtaposition | 1 | 0.05 |
果实 Fruit | 果皮条带变异 Pericarp banding variation | 1 | 0.05 |
其他 Other | 生长发育迟缓 Growth retardation | 41 | 2.02 |
总计 Total | 106 | 5.21 |
材料 Material | 黄化幼叶 Yellowing young leaves | 绿色成叶 Green mature leaves |
---|---|---|
M08 | 50.9 ± 1.37 b | 63.2 ± 2.49 a |
M1-5 | 15.1 ± 1.48 d | 44.2 ± 1.68 c |
Table 5 Comparison of SPAD in leaves of watermelon M08 and its EMS induced yellowing to greening mutant M1-5
材料 Material | 黄化幼叶 Yellowing young leaves | 绿色成叶 Green mature leaves |
---|---|---|
M08 | 50.9 ± 1.37 b | 63.2 ± 2.49 a |
M1-5 | 15.1 ± 1.48 d | 44.2 ± 1.68 c |
发育时期 Growth period | 材料 Material | 叶绿素a/ (m · g-1) Chl.a | 叶绿素b/ (mg · g-1) Chl.b | 类胡萝卜素/ (mg · g-1) Car. | 总叶绿素/ (mg · g-1) Chl. | 叶绿素a/b Chl.a/Chl.b | 类胡萝卜素/ 总叶绿素 Car./Chl. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
幼叶期 Young leaf stage | M08 | 2.15 ± 0.07 a | 0.75 ± 0.03 a | 0.47 ± 0.02 b | 2.91 ± 0.10 a | 2.87 ± 0.09 b | 0.16 ± 0.01 d |
M1-5 | 0.58 ± 0.01c | 0.08 ± 0.01 c | 0.41 ± 0.02 c | 0.66 ± 0.02 c | 7.66 ± 2.31 a | 0.63 ± 0.04 a | |
成叶期 Mature leaf stage | M08 | 2.24 ± 0.08 a | 0.78 ± 0.02 a | 0.61 ± 0.02 a | 3.02 ± 0.10 a | 2.87 ± 0.07 b | 0.20 ± 0.05 bc |
M1-5 | 1.32 ± 0.03b | 0.22 ± 0.01 b | 0.32 ± 0.01 d | 1.54 ± 0.04 b | 5.98 ± 0.20 a | 0.21 ± 0.06 b |
Table 6 Photosynthetic pigment content in leaves of watermelon M08 and its EMS induced yellowing to greening mutant M1-5 during yellowing and green mature leaves
发育时期 Growth period | 材料 Material | 叶绿素a/ (m · g-1) Chl.a | 叶绿素b/ (mg · g-1) Chl.b | 类胡萝卜素/ (mg · g-1) Car. | 总叶绿素/ (mg · g-1) Chl. | 叶绿素a/b Chl.a/Chl.b | 类胡萝卜素/ 总叶绿素 Car./Chl. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
幼叶期 Young leaf stage | M08 | 2.15 ± 0.07 a | 0.75 ± 0.03 a | 0.47 ± 0.02 b | 2.91 ± 0.10 a | 2.87 ± 0.09 b | 0.16 ± 0.01 d |
M1-5 | 0.58 ± 0.01c | 0.08 ± 0.01 c | 0.41 ± 0.02 c | 0.66 ± 0.02 c | 7.66 ± 2.31 a | 0.63 ± 0.04 a | |
成叶期 Mature leaf stage | M08 | 2.24 ± 0.08 a | 0.78 ± 0.02 a | 0.61 ± 0.02 a | 3.02 ± 0.10 a | 2.87 ± 0.07 b | 0.20 ± 0.05 bc |
M1-5 | 1.32 ± 0.03b | 0.22 ± 0.01 b | 0.32 ± 0.01 d | 1.54 ± 0.04 b | 5.98 ± 0.20 a | 0.21 ± 0.06 b |
Fig. 11 Changes in net photosynthetic rate of watermelon M08 and its EMS induced yellowing to greening mutant M1-5 during young and mature leaf stage Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at 0.05 level.
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