The Emitted Pattern Analysis of Flower Volatiles and Cloning of PsGDS Gene in Tree Peony Cultivar‘High Noon’

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0870

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 331-344.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0870

• Research Papers • Previous Articles Next Articles

The Emitted Pattern Analysis of Flower Volatiles and Cloning of PsGDS Gene in Tree Peony Cultivar‘High Noon’

LI Ruiya, SONG Chengwei, NIU Tongfei, WEI Zhenzhen, GUO Lili, HOU Xiaogai^*()

Key Labboratory of Efficient Cultivation and Comprehensive Utilization of Peony in Henan Province，College of Agricultural College，Henan University of Science and Technology，Luoyang，Henan 471023，China

Received:2022-08-30 Revised:2022-10-20 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-03-06
Contact: *（E-mail：hkdhxg@haust.edu.cn）

Abstract

Abstract:

The regular patterns of volatile composition and relative content were analyzed with dynamic headspace bagging-adsorption and GC-MS technology in‘High Noon’of tree peony cultivar. The results showed that 34 compounds were detected and the sequences of the total relative content of the volatiles in different flowering periods was as follows：full blooming > initial flowering > decay period > blooming stage，and the highest relative content was in petals. The change during one day showed an increasing firstly and then a decrease，and reached the peak between 14：00—16：00. The linalool，2,6-Octadiene-1-diol-3,7-dimethyl，germacrene D were the main floral ingredients in the volatile of tree peony cultivar‘High Noon’. In addition, the gene Germacrene D synthase（PsGDS，GenBank accession No. MZ513465）was cloned and identified from tree peony cultivar‘High Noon’. The open reading frame of PsGDS is 1 725 bp，encoding 574 amino acids. The sequence similarity analysis between PsGDS and GDS of other species showed that the sequence similarity reached 52.6% on average，and phylogenetic analysis revealed that PsGDS has a close evolutionary relationship with woody plants，among which，grapes is the closest，and herbs is farther. The expression level in‘High Noon’is higher than other peony varieties，and the expression pattern of PsGDS showed the PsGDS was expressed the highest at the initial flowering stage of different flowering period，was also the highest at the petals of different flowering periods，and at the time period from 12：00 to 14：00 during one day. The expression pattern of PsGDS was consistent with GDS，showing a very significant positive correlation. Additionally，the analysis of subcellular localization of PsGDS revealed that PsGDS was mainly localized in the cytoplasm. These results indicated that the PsGDS was the key gene to control the volatilization of germacrene D in‘High Noon’，and play a catalytic role in the cytoplasm to catalyze the production of germacrene D.

Key words: tree peony, flower, emitted volatile, Germacrene D synthase

CLC Number:

S685.11

LI Ruiya, SONG Chengwei, NIU Tongfei, WEI Zhenzhen, GUO Lili, HOU Xiaogai. The Emitted Pattern Analysis of Flower Volatiles and Cloning of PsGDS Gene in Tree Peony Cultivar‘High Noon’[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(2): 331-344.

Figures/Tables 11

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引物用途 Primer use	引物名称 Primer name	引物序列（5′-3′） Primer sequence
PsGDS扩增 PsGDS amplification	GDS-F	ATGGGACAAAGTAACATTAACAGTTTTGC
PsGDS扩增 PsGDS amplification	GDS-R	TCATATTGCAATATGATCAACGAGTAATG
qRT-PCR	qRT-GDS-F	GCACAATCCCACTATCCTTCGCAAGAC
	qRT-GDS-R	CAGCGGAAGCTTGAGTAGACATCTCG
	Actin-F	ATTAGTCCTCTTCCAGCCTTCTTTG
	Actin-R	ATTATTTCCTTGCTCATACGGTCAG
表达载体构建 Construction of expression vector	GDS-OE-F	ACAGGGTACCCGGGGATCCATGGGACAAAGTAACATTAACAGTTTTGC
表达载体构建 Construction of expression vector	GDS-OE-R	GCCCATGTCGACTCTAGATATTGCAATATGATCAACGAGTAATGAGGAC

引物用途 Primer use	引物名称 Primer name	引物序列（5′-3′） Primer sequence
PsGDS扩增 PsGDS amplification	GDS-F	ATGGGACAAAGTAACATTAACAGTTTTGC
PsGDS扩增 PsGDS amplification	GDS-R	TCATATTGCAATATGATCAACGAGTAATG
qRT-PCR	qRT-GDS-F	GCACAATCCCACTATCCTTCGCAAGAC
	qRT-GDS-R	CAGCGGAAGCTTGAGTAGACATCTCG
	Actin-F	ATTAGTCCTCTTCCAGCCTTCTTTG
	Actin-R	ATTATTTCCTTGCTCATACGGTCAG
表达载体构建 Construction of expression vector	GDS-OE-F	ACAGGGTACCCGGGGATCCATGGGACAAAGTAACATTAACAGTTTTGC
表达载体构建 Construction of expression vector	GDS-OE-R	GCCCATGTCGACTCTAGATATTGCAATATGATCAACGAGTAATGAGGAC

品种 Cultivar	花香感官评定 Aroma sensory	等级 Grade
海黄High Noon	10.62	浓香 Heavy Scented
香玉Xiangyu	9.75	香 Scented
洛阳红Luoyanghong	7.85	微香 Lightly Scented
锦袍红Jinpaohong	6.13	微香 Lightly Scented
红花露霜Honghua Lushuang	6.06	微香 Lightly Scented

品种 Cultivar	花香感官评定 Aroma sensory	等级 Grade
海黄High Noon	10.62	浓香 Heavy Scented
香玉Xiangyu	9.75	香 Scented
洛阳红Luoyanghong	7.85	微香 Lightly Scented
锦袍红Jinpaohong	6.13	微香 Lightly Scented
红花露霜Honghua Lushuang	6.06	微香 Lightly Scented

化合物种类 Compound category	保留指数Retention index	相对释放量/% Relative content
化合物种类 Compound category	保留指数Retention index	绽口期 Blooming stage	初开期 Initial flowering	盛开期 Full blooming	衰败期 Decay period
乙苯Ethylbenzene	781	0.36 ± 0.02 b	0.67 ± 0.06 a	0.62 ± 0.08 a	0.36 ± 0.02 b
二甲苯Xylene	782	1.18 ± 0.01 b	2.22 ± 0.05 a	2.19 ± 0.12 a	1.06 ± 0.03 b
苯乙烯Styrene	785	—	—	—	0.28 ± 0.17 a
3-己醇3-Hexanol	867	0.66 ± 0.03 a	0.54 ± 0.07 b	0.73 ± 0.11 a	0.39 ± 0.03 c
a-蒎烯a-paixi	943	—	—	0.30 ± 0.01 a	—
癸烷Decane	998	—	—	0.28 ± 0.01 a	—
β-罗勒烯 β-ocimene	1 024	—	—	0.64 ± 0.01 a	—
芳樟醇Linalool	1 099	2.52 ± 0.06 d	19.88 ± 1.48 b	35.64 ± 2.27 a	10.09 ± 0.57 c
壬醛Nonanal	1 103	—	—	0.37 ± 0.01 a	—
吲哚Indol	1 096	—	—	0.41 ± 0.01 a	—
(E)4,8-二甲基-1,3,7-壬三烯(E)-4,8-Dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene	1 115	—	1.90 ± 0.15 a	1.50 ± 0.05 b	0.33 ± 0.03 c
2,6-辛二烯-1-二醇-3,7-二甲基 2,6-Octadiene-1-diol-3,7-dimethyl	1 231	—	0.71 ± 0.15 c	6.21 ± 0.24 a	1.49 ± 0.24 b
十二烷Dodecane	1 199	0.59 ± 0.01 b	1.09 ± 0.10 a	0.88 ± 0.31 a	0.92 ± 0.10 a
柠檬醛Citral	1 269	—	—	—	0.51 ± 0.04 a
十三烷Tridecane	1 303	1.20 ± 0.10 c	1.72 ± 0.11 b	1.46 ± 0.48 c	2.21 ± 0.20 a
3-苯基-2-丙烯醇2-Propenol,3-phenyl-	1 306	-—	0.72 ± 0.05 b	3.70 ± 0.01 a	—
十四烷Tetradecane	1 400	—	—	1.93 ± 0.77 c	1.98 ± 0.28 c
大根香叶烯D Germacrene D	1 481	1.70 ± 0.10 b	3.38 ± 0.20 a	1.34 ± 0.01 c	—
十五烷Pentadecane	1 502	3.47 ± 0.05 b	5.71 ± 0.31 a	6.04 ± 1.31 a	3.93 ± 0.43 b
a-法尼烯a-Farnesene	1 527			1.07 ± 1.61 b	5.06 ± 0.53 a
2,4-二叔丁基苯酚2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol	1 535	1.15 ± 0.12 b	1.18 ± 0.03 b	2.93 ± 0.05 a	0.62 ± 0.05 c
十六烷Hexadecane	1 606	2.90 ± 0.13 b	1.25 ± 0.28 c	3.84 ± 0.82 a	3.19 ± 0.28 b
6,9-十七碳二烯6,9-Heptadecadiene	1 674	0.82 ± 0.13 c	1.15 ± 0.07 b	1.81 ± 0.10 a	—
茉莉酸甲酯Methyl jasmonate	1 649	—	1.44 ± 0.13 a	1.60 ± 0.01 a	—
十七烷Heptadecane	1 705	8.88 ± 0.55 a	4.45 ± 0.23 b	2.97 ± 0.13 c	4.51 ± 0.26 b
十八烷Octadecane	1 805	—	0.99 ± 0.07 b	1.95 ± 0.03 a	0.64 ± 0.04 c
1-十九碳烯1-Nonadecene	1 875	1.65 ± 0.10 a	1.35 ± 0.05 b	1.10 ± 0.01 c	—
二十碳烯酸Eicosenoic acid	1 913	—	—	1.17 ± 0.01 a	—
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯Phthalic acid	1 971	0.46 ± 0.01 b	1.05 ± 0.07 a	—	—
廿十一烷Heneicosane	2 109	—	—	0.35 ± 0.01 a	—

The Emitted Pattern Analysis of Flower Volatiles and Cloning of PsGDS Gene in Tree Peony Cultivar‘High Noon’

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化合物种类 Compound category	保留指数 Retention index	相对释放量/% Relative content
化合物种类 Compound category	保留指数 Retention index	萼片Sepal	雌蕊Pistil	雄蕊Stamen	花瓣Petal
乙苯Ethylbenzene	781	0.50 ± 0.06 b	0.13 ± 0.01 c	0.70 ± 0.05 a	0.75 ± 0.03 a
二甲苯Xylene	782	0.76 ± 0.06 c	0.33 ± 0.02 d	1.47 ± 0.12 a	1.03 ± 0.04 b
苯乙烯Styrene	785	—	—	—	0.07 ± 0.06 a
3-己醇3-Hexanol	867	1.13 ± 0.06 a	0.34 ± 0.05 c	0.59 ± 0.03 b	0.63 ± 0.03 b
萘Aphthalene	954	0.54 ± 0.08 a	0.18 ± 0.03 c	0.36 ± 0.02 b	—
癸烷Decane	998	—	0.27 ± 0.03 a	—	—
呋喃Furan	1 096	—	—	—	0.62 ± 0.06 a
芳樟醇Linalool	1 099	1.52 ± 0.30 b	—	0.66 ± 0.07 c	40.5 ± 1.17 a
壬醛Nonanal	1 103	0.77 ± 0.09 a	0.22 ± 0.01 c	0.48 ± 0.04 b	—
(E)4,8-二甲基-1,3,7-壬三烯(E)-4,8-Dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene	1 115	—	—	—	3.11 ± 0.15 a
十二烷Dodecane	1 199	0.84 ± 0.11 c	0.56 ± 0.04 b	0.26 ± 0.02 c	1.12 ± 0.06 a
2,6-辛二烯-1-二醇-3,7-二甲基	1 231	—	—	—	3.28 ± 0.10 a
2,6-Octadiene-1-diol-3,7-dimethyl	1 231	—	—	—	3.28 ± 0.10 a
十三烷Tridecane	1 303	1.42 ± 0.09 b	0.51 ± 0.04 c	0.51 ± 0.05 c	3.52 ± 0.10 a
3-苯基-2-丙烯醇 2-Propenol,3-phenyl-	1 306	—	—	—	0.80 ± 0.02 a
十四烷Tetradecane	1 400	1.03 ± 0.09 c	0.31 ± 0.03 d	2.44 ± 0.16 b	6.22 ± 0.17 a
大根香叶烯D Germacrene D	1 481	—	—	—	0.78 ± 0.14 a
十五烷Pentadecane	1 502	1.50 ± 0.05 b	0.96 ± 0.06 c	2.01 ± 0.17 b	9.13 ± 0.59 a
a-法尼烯a-Farnesene	1 527	—	—	0.45 ± 0.09 a	—
2,4-二叔丁基苯酚 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol	1 535	0.67 ± 0.05 b	—	0.43 ± 0.07 c	0.95 ± 0.08 a
十六烷Hexadecane	1 606	1.17 ± 0.15 b	0.22 ± 0.03 c	0.69 ± 0.01 bc	6.18 ± 0.67 a
十七烷Heptadecane	1 705	1.11 ± 0.07 c	0.17 ± 0.04 d	2.93 ± 0.39 b	8.41 ± 0.21 a
十八烷Octadecane	1 805	1.94 ± 0.08 b	0.19 ± 0.05 d	1.45 ± 0.13 c	2.74 ± 0.28 a
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯Phthalic acid	1 971	—	—	2.61 ± 0.17 a	0.40 ± 0.07 b

化合物种类 Compound category	保留指数 Retention index	相对释放量/% Relative content
化合物种类 Compound category	保留指数 Retention index	8：00—12：00	10：00—12：00	12：00—14：00	14：00—16：00	16：00—18：00	18：00—20：00
乙苯Ethylbenzene	781	0.32 ± 0.02 b	0.41 ± 0.07 a	0.24 ± 0.03 c	0.31 ± 0.02 b	0.30 ± 0.01 b	0.30 ± 0.05 b
二甲苯Xylene	782	0.72 ± 0.02 c	1.27 ± 0.24 a	1.05 ± 0.06 b	0.99 ± 0.08 b	0.84 ± 0.07 bc	0.91 ± 0.09 b
苯乙烯Styrene	785	—	—	—	0.07 ± 0.01 a	—	—
3-己醇3-Hexanol	867	0.44 ± 0.01 b	0.53 ± 0.07 a	0.40 ± 0.02 b	0.34 ± 0.03 bc	0.21 ± 0.02 c	0.22 ± 0.01 c
a-蒎烯a-paixi	943	—	0.26 ± 0.05b	—	0.60 ± 0.06 a	0.15 ± 0.03 b	—
癸烷Decane	998	—	—	—	1.58 ± 0.16 a	0.27 ± 0.05 b	—
β-罗勒烯 β-ocimene	1 024	—	0.39 ± 0.10 b	—	0.71 ± 0.06 a	0.13 ± 0.01 c	—
β-柠檬烯β-Limonene	1 044	—	—	—	—	—	0.54 ± 0.23 a
吲哚Indol	1 086	—	0.36 ± 0.02 a	0.31 ± 0.04 b	0.22 ± 0.01 c	—	—
呋喃Furan	1 096	—	—	—	0.84 ± 0.10 b	0.96 ± 0.12 a	—
芳樟醇Linalool	1 099	8.48 ± 0.46e	24.23 ± 0.46 c	33.57 ± 2.02 b	40.68 ± 2.09 a	13.52 ± 0.30 d	14.87 ± 0.62 d
壬醛Nonanal	1 103	—	0.29 ± 0.03 a	0.23 ± 0.01 a	0.27 ± 0.08 a	0.27 ± 0.01 a	0.30 ± 0.01 a
(E)4,8-二甲基-1,3,7-壬三烯(E)-4,8-Dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene	1 115	0.54 ± 0.11 d	0.89 ± 0.07 c	2.80 ± 0.20 a	0.80 ± 0.10 c	1.16 ± 0.13 b	1.20 ± 0.15 b
萘Aphthalene	1 163	—	—	—	—	—	0.34 ± 0.02 a
十二烷Dodecanel	1 199	0.50 ± 0.05 b	0.55 ± 0.10 b	0.56 ± 0.06 b	0.69 ± 0.07 a	0.39 ± 0.05 c	0.29 ± 0.07 d
2,6-辛二烯-1-二醇-3,7-二甲基 2,6-Octadiene-1-diol-3,7-dimethyl	1 231	3.40 ± 0.38 b	4.59 ± 0.40 a	4.72 ± 0.24 a	4.19 ± 0.26 a	1.06 ± 0.14 d	2.10 ± 0.27 c
柠檬醛Citral	1 269	—	—	—	0.73 ± 0.05 a	—	—
十三烷Tridecane	1 303	1.01 ± 0.14 b	0.95 ± 0.05 b	1.03 ± 0.04 b	1.44 ± 0.06 a	0.36 ± 0.01 d	0.65 ± 0.03 c
3-苯基-2-丙烯醇 2-Propenol,3-phenyl-	1 306	4.40 ± 0.38 c	4.57 ± 0.08 c	5.77 ± 0.18 b	6.95 ± 0.33 a	1.87 ± 0.04 d	2.34 ± 0.15 d
十四烷Tetradecane	1 400	1.22 ± 0.12 c	1.59 ± 0.18 b	1.72 ± 0.16 b	1.96 ± 0.26 a	1.45 ± 0.11 c	2.04 ± 0.15 a
丁基癸醚Butyl decyl ether	1 467	—	—	—	0.25 ± 0.01 a	—	—
大根香叶烯D Germacrene D	1 481	0.44 ± 0.06 d	0.80 ± 0.13 c	1.42 ± 0.08 a	1.11 ± 0.10 b	0.40 ± 0.03 d	0.36 ± 0.10 d
十五烷Pentadecane	1 502	2.06 ± 0.15 e	3.82 ± 0.12 c	7.90 ± 0.42 a	4.77 ± 0.78 b	3.42 ± 0.24 c	2.81 ± 0.19 d
a-法尼烯a-Farnesene	1 527	—	—	0.90 ± 0.09 a	0.95 ± 0.05 a	—	—
2,4-二叔丁基苯酚 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol	1 535	1.16 ± 0.07 b	2.09 ± 0.37 a	1.12 ± 0.11 b	1.11 ± 0.04 b	0.42 ± 0.05 c	—
十六烷Hexadecane	1 605	1.73 ± 0.21 c	2.53 ± 0.07 b	3.15 ± 0.15 a	2.71 ± 0.17 b	0.87 ± 0.05 d	1.43 ± 0.14 c
茉莉酸甲酯Methyl jasmonate	1 649	—	1.23 ± 0.16 a	1.33 ± 0.12 a	0.62 ± 0.09 b	—	—
6,9-十七碳二烯 6,9-Heptadecadiene	1 674	1.01 ± 0.08 b	1.60 ± 0.07 a	1.68 ± 0.31 a	1.63 ± 0.05 a	1.48 ± 0.07 a	1.13 ± 0.07 b
十七烷Heptadecane	1 705	2.03 ± 0.21 b	1.94 ± 0.01 b	2.09 ± 0.23 b	2.03 ± 0.16 b	2.31 ± 0.3 a	1.14 ± 0.10 c
十八烷Octadecane	1 805	0.22 ± 0.04 d	1.43 ± 0.19 c	3.04 ± 0.32 a	3.32 ± 0.04 a	2.32 ± 0.32 b	1.33 ± 0.08 c
1-十九碳烯1-Nonadecene	1 875	0.54 ± 0.04 d	0.97 ± 0.04 c	2.62 ± 0.21 b	1.02 ± 0.04 c	3.12 ± 0.3 a	—
二十碳烯酸Eicosenoic acid	1 913	—	1.03 ± 0.14 b	1.59 ± 0.20 a	0.74 ± 0.05 c	—	—
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 Phthalic acid	1 971	—	—	—	0.72 ± 0.02 a	0.37 ± 0.07 b	—
廿十一烷Heneicosane	2 109	0.37 ± 0.03 b	0.28 ± 0.05 b	—	2.23 ± 0.15 a	—	—

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