Analysis of Petal Volatile Components Among Different Hemerocallis Cultivars Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0834

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1): 116-130.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0834

• Research Papers • Previous Articles Next Articles

Analysis of Petal Volatile Components Among Different Hemerocallis Cultivars Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS

QIANG Wenyan¹, MENG Qingran², ZHANG Zhiguo¹, GAO Wenjie¹^,^*()

¹Department of Ecological Technology and Engineering，Shanghai Institute of Technology，Shanghai 201418，China
²Department of Flavor and Fragrance Technology and Engineering，Shanghai Institute of Technology，Shanghai 201418，China

Received:2022-07-13 Revised:2022-12-31 Online:2023-01-25 Published:2023-01-18
Contact: *（E-mail:wenjie_gao0724@163.com）

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on HS-SPME combined with GC-MS technology，the optimum extraction temperature and time of the volatile components from Hemerocallis‘Shaman’were firstly determined. Then，the nine H. fulva cultivars of‘Free Wheelin’’‘She’s Got the Look’‘Forty Second Street’‘Grape Velvet’‘Lilly and Petals’‘Unlock the Stars’‘Web of Illusion’‘Fire on the Mountain’and‘Shaman’in the blooming stage were analyzed by GC-MS. In addition，GC-MS-O and OAVs were used to detect key aroma components in different cultivars. The results showed that the best extraction temperature was 80 ℃，and the best extraction time was 40 min. Based on this condition，a total of 197 volatile components were detected，including alcohols，terpenes，aldehydes，nitriles，phenols，esters，alkanes，furans，and a small amount of other substances. By combining peak area normalization method with GC-MS-O，27 volatile components were identified as aroma components. Based on the principal component analysis（PCA）and hierarchical cluster analysis（HCA）of 27 main aroma components，（Z）-β-ocimene and Nonanal were identified as the main aroma components in Hemerocallis. Also，it was preliminarily concluded trans-nerolidol，linalool，phenethyl alcohol，indole and estragole etc. may be responsible for the various aroma of different cultivars of H. fulva. Finally，nine samples of H. fulva were divided into four groups，one group was‘Free Wheelin’’and‘She’s Got the Look’，which did not have benzyl nitrile，phenylethyl alcohol and benzeneacetaldehyde，showingmainly woody，herbal，and floral aromas；the other group was‘Grape Velvet’‘Lilly and Petals’‘Unlock the Stars’‘Web of Illusion’and‘Fire on the Mountain’，mainly composed of phenylethyl alcohol，benzaldehyde，geranyl acetone，3-furan methanol and other substances to form floral and fruity aroma characteristics. Moreover，‘Forty Second Street’and‘Shaman’each form a separate group，containing a variety of unique substances and revealing the distinctive aroma characteristics.

Key words: Hemerocallis fulva, volatile components, HS-SPME-GC-MS, pretreatment, aroma

CLC Number:

S682.19

QIANG Wenyan, MENG Qingran, ZHANG Zhiguo, GAO Wenjie. Analysis of Petal Volatile Components Among Different Hemerocallis Cultivars Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(1): 116-130.

Figures/Tables 11

References 33

[1]	Callejón R M, Morales M L, Ferreira A C S, Troncoso A M. 2008. Defining the typical aroma of sherry vinegar:sensory and chemical approach. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56 (17):8086-8095. doi: 10.1021/jf800903n pmid: 18651741
[2]	Chen Bin, Yao Bin. 2018. Clinical observation on 24 cases of coronary heart disease with angina pectoris and anxiety treated by modified Hemerocallis Wangyou decoction. Hunan Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 34 (9):52-53. (in Chinese)
	陈斌, 姚斌. 2018. 萱草忘忧汤加减治疗冠心病心绞痛并焦虑24例临床观察. 湖南中医杂志, 34 (9):52-53.
[3]	Cichewicz R H, Nair M G. 2002. Isolation and characterization of stelladerol,a new antioxidant naphthalene glycoside,and other antioxidant glycosides from edible daylily(Hemerocallis)flowers. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50 (1):87-91. doi: 10.1021/jf010914k pmid: 11754548
[4]	Dhananjeyan M R, Milev Y P, Kron M A, Nair M G. 2005. Synthesis and activity of substituted anthraquinones against a human filarial parasite, Brugia malayi. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 48 (8):22-30.
[5]	Dong Jing, Zhong Chuanfei, Wang Guixia, Chang Linlin, Sun Jian, Sun Rui, Zhang Hongli, Li Rui, Wei Yongqing, Zheng Shuqi, Zhang Yuntao. 2019. Comparative study on fruit volatiles of different day-neutral strawberry cultivars in autumn and winter. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 52 (13):2309-2327. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.13.010
	董静, 钟传飞, 王桂霞, 常琳琳, 孙健, 孙瑞, 张宏力, 李睿, 隗永青, 郑书旗, 张运涛. 2019. 日中性草莓不同季节果实挥发性成分差异. 中国农业科学, 52 (13):2309-2327. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.13.010
[6]	Gemert L J V. 2011. Odour thresholds compilations of odour threshold values in air,water and other media. Zeist:Oliemans Punter & Partners B V.
[7]	Guo Xiangyang. 2019. Analysis of volatile compositions in six edible fragrant plants by GC-MS/GC-O technology. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE), 35 (18):299-307. (in Chinese)
	郭向阳. 2019. 6种食用芳香植物挥发性成分的GC-MS/GC-O分析. 农业工程学报, 35 (18):299-307.
[8]	Guo Xiaoyu, Chen Ming, Zhang Wenlong, Han Longyang, Yuan Xinkai, Huang Shuyong. 2016. Analysis of volatile components of Daylily essential oil by GC/MS. Journal of Agricultural Science Yanbian University, 38 (1):35-39. (in Chinese)
	郭晓玉, 陈明, 张文龙, 韩龙洋, 袁新凯, 黄树勇. 2016. GC/MS分析黄花菜精油挥发性成分. 延边大学农学学报, 38 (1):35-39.
[9]	Jia Mei. 2017. Study on volatile compounds of several aromatic plants used in rehabilitation landscape and their impacts of human health [M. D. Dissertation]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University. (in Chinese)
	贾梅. 2017康复景观中几种芳香植物挥发物及其对人体健康影响的研究[硕士论文]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学.
[10]	Kazuaki T, Keishi Y, Hiroki M, Masahiro T, Shoko O, Hiroshi M, Keizo T, Masaki O, Hakaru S. 2014. An evaluation of novel biological activity in a crude extract from Hemerocallis fulva L. var. sempervirens M. Hotta. Natural Product Research, 28 (23):2211-2213. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2014.919285 pmid: 24854051
[11]	Li Dan, Yu Shitao, Zheng Yi, Zhu Wei, Liu Jianfeng, Yang Xiaojin, Lu Jinqing, Li Yuling, Zhang Rui. 2012. Comparison of GC-MS extraction of volatile components from Chrysanthemum with SPME and SD. Journal of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 14 (6):31-34. (in Chinese)
	李丹, 喻世涛, 郑翊, 朱巍, 刘剑峰, 杨小金, 卢金清, 李雨玲, 张锐. 2012. SPME与SD提取神农香菊挥发性成分的GC-MS比较. 湖北中医药大学学报, 14 (6):31-34.
[12]	Li Hai-li, Dong Li. 2009. Relationship of Hemerocallis spp. wild species and cultivars by AFLP marker. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 36 (8):1203-1208. (in Chinese)
	黎海利, 董丽. 2009. 萱草部分野生种和栽培品种亲缘关系的AFLP分析. 园艺学报, 36 (8):1203-1208.
[13]	Li Menghua, Wang Guoyi, Zhang Xiaoxu, Zhang Lei, Cheng Zhan, Ma Liyan, Li Jingming. 2018. Optimization of SPME-GC-MS analysis conditions for volatile compounds of Aspergillus carbon black. Food Science, 39 (10):318-325. (in Chinese)
	李梦华, 王国义, 张晓旭, 张磊, 程湛, 马丽艳, 李景明. 2018. SPME-GC-MS分析炭黑曲霉挥发性物质的条件优化. 食品科学, 39 (10):318-325.
[14]	Li Xiaoying, Wang Haijing, Xu Ningwei, Cao Cuiling, Liu Jianzhen, Wu Chuncheng, Zhang Libing. 2019. Analysis of volatile components of plum fruit by Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Chinese Agricultural Sciences, 52 (19):3448-3459. (in Chinese)
	李晓颍, 王海静, 徐宁伟, 曹翠玲, 刘建珍, 武春成, 张立彬. 2019. 顶空固相微萃取—气相色谱—质谱联用法分析欧李果实挥发性成分. 中国农业科学, 52 (19):3448-3459. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.19.014
[15]	Liu Jinghong, Chen Miaofen, Zhong Xiaohong, He Wei, Qing Zhixing, Zen Jianguo. 2020b. HS-SPME-GC-MS determination of volatile components in different parts of daylily. Natural Products Research and Development, 32 (3):464-472. (in Chinese)
	刘京宏, 陈淼芬, 钟晓红, 贺炜, 卿志星, 曾建国. 2020b. HS-SPME-GC-MS测定黄花菜不同部位中挥发性成分. 天然产物研究与开发, 32 (3):464-472.
[16]	Liu Jinghong, Liu Wei, Qing Zhixing, Zeng Zhaoyan, Zhong Xiaohong, Zen Jianguo. 2020a. HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis of volatile components in different flower parts of two species of daylily. Natural Products Research and Development, 32 (2):269-277. (in Chinese)
	刘京宏, 刘薇, 卿志星, 曾朝彦, 钟晓红, 曾建国. 2020a. HS-SPME-GC-MS分析两品种黄花菜中不同花部位挥发性成分. 天然产物研究与开发, 32 (2):269-277.
[17]	Lin P, Cai J B, Li J. 2003. Constituents of the essential oil of Hemerocallis flava daylily. Flavour And Fragrance Journal, 18 (6):539-541. doi: 10.1002/ffj.1264 URL
[18]	Lu Anxia, Zhou Xinru, Ye Yulong, Li Xiaolian, Xie Guanhua, Wang Bei, Tong Huarong. 2020. Changes of sensory characteristic and volatiles of harvested flowers of Chimonanthus praecox during spreading process. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 47 (1):73-84. (in Chinese)
	陆安霞, 周心如, 叶玉龙, 李小恋, 谢关华, 汪蓓, 童华荣. 2020. 蜡梅花离体摊放过程中香气感官评价和挥发性物质分析. 园艺学报, 47 (1):73-84.
[19]	Lü H P, ZhongQ S, Lin Z, Wang L, Tan J F, Guo L. 2012. Aroma characterisation of Pu-erh tea using headspace-solid phase microextraction combined with GC/MS and GC-olfactometry. Food Chemistry, 130 (4):1074-1081. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.135 URL
[20]	Ma Yao, Hao Huihui, Zhang Haihong, Yang Jinghui, Ma Xuemei. 2022. The effects of different drying methods on volatile flavor components of daylily powder were analyzed by GC-MS combined withelectronic nose. Food Science, 43 (6):324-330. (in Chinese)
	马尧, 郝慧慧, 张海红, 杨静慧, 马雪梅. 2022. GC-MS结合电子鼻分析不同干燥方式对黄花菜粉挥发性物质的影响. 食品科学, 43 (6):324-330.
[21]	Pan Nianlong, Wang Xiaorong, Wu Kai, Zeng Fankun. 2013. Analysis of daylily aroma components before and after heat pump drying. Food Science, 34 (18):258-262. (in Chinese) doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb10336.x URL
	潘年龙, 王孝荣, 吴凯, 曾凡坤. 2013. 黄花菜热泵干燥前后香气成分分析. 食品科学, 34 (18):258-262.
[22]	Qiao Qian, Wang Lu, Yan Yu, Yu Yongchang, Wang Jiangyong, Jia Xi. 2021. General situation of applied research on Hemerocallis. Tianjin Agricultural Sciences, 27 (10):87-90. (in Chinese)
	乔谦, 王璐, 燕语, 于永畅, 王江勇, 贾曦. 2021. 萱草属植物应用研究概况. 天津农业科学, 27 (10):87-90.
[23]	Ren Yang, Liu Hongzhang, Liu Shuying, Liu Huiming. 2017. Research progress on Hemerocallis fulva. Northern Horticulture,(20):180-184. (in Chinese)
	任阳, 刘洪章, 刘树英, 刘回民. 2017. 萱草属植物研究综述. 北方园艺,(20):180-184.
[24]	Sarg T M, Salem S A, Farrag N M, Abdel Aal M M, Ateya A M. 2008. Phytochemical and antimicrobial investigation of Hemerocallis fulva L. grown in Egypt. International Journal of Crude Drug Research, 28 (2):153-156. doi: 10.3109/13880209009082803 URL
[25]	Shen Zhiguo, Sun Meng, Yuan Deyi, Cheng Jianming, Ding Xin, Shang Zhonghai. 2020. HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis of volatile components in tender shoots from six plants of Calycanthaceae. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 47 (12):2349-2361.
	沈植国, 孙萌, 袁德义, 程建明, 丁鑫, 尚忠海. 2020. 蜡梅科6种植物嫩梢挥发性成分的HS-SPME-GC-MS分析. 园艺学报, 47 (12):2349-2361.
[26]	Sun Xubiao, Wu Ronghua. 2016. Research progress on Hemerocallis. Henan Agricultural Sciences, 45 (4):7-11. (in Chinese)
	孙徐骉, 武荣花. 2016. 萱草属植物研究进展. 河南农业科学, 45 (4):7-11.
[27]	Tian Huan. 2016. Study on neurotransmitter regulation of antidepressant active parts of Hemerocallis fulva [M. D. Dissertation]. Tianjin: Tianjin University of Science and Technology. (in Chinese)
	田欢. 2016. 萱草花抗抑郁活性部位神经递质调控作用研究[硕士论文]. 天津: 天津科技大学.
[28]	Vandendool H, Kratz P D. 1963. A generalization of the retention index system including linear temperature programmed gas-liqud partition chromatography. Journal of Chromatography, 11:463. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9673(01)80947-X URL
[29]	Wang Peng, Wu Yu, Ding Jingkai. 1994. The volatile components of daylily. Yunnan Botanical Research,(4):431-434. (in Chinese)
	王鹏, 吴玉, 丁靖垲. 1994. 黄花菜的挥发性成分. 云南植物研究,(4):431-434.
[30]	Wang Ting, Zhang Haoyu, Liu Zhizhi, Fan Weixin, Du Fang. 2020. Comparison of aroma components of 12 hybrid types of lily. Journal of China Agricultural University, 25 (1):86-94. (in Chinese)
	王婷, 张浩宇, 刘芝芝, 樊玮鑫, 杜方. 2020. 12种百合杂交类型香气成分比较. 中国农业大学学报, 25 (1):86-94.
[31]	Wang Yunfeng, Zhao Lijing, Xu Bo, Li Xiaoyan, Yu Haihui, Luo Xiaoqin, Zhang Zhiwei, Zhang Gang, Li Jingjing, Sheng Nan. 2012. Research progress on the nutrient composition and biological activity of Hemerocallis flower. Journal of Jilin Medical College, 33 (1):46-49. (in Chinese)
	王云锋, 赵丽晶, 徐博, 李小燕, 余海惠, 罗小琴, 李治伟, 张刚, 李晶晶, 沈楠. 2012. 萱草花的营养成分和生物活性研究进展. 吉林医药学院学报, 33 (1):46-49.
[32]	Zhang Junxia, Zang Dekui. 2015. The garden application of aromatic plants. Agricultural Science and Information(Modern Landscape Architecture), 12 (10):750-755. (in Chinese)
	张俊霞, 臧德奎. 2015. 芳香植物的园林应用. 农业科技与信息(现代园林), 12 (10):750-755.
[33]	Zhou Changyuan, Wang Yan, Du Ailing. 2016. Separation and purification of β-sesquiphellandrene from ginger oleoresin. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 37 (3):225-228. (in Chinese)
	周长远, 王艳, 杜爱玲. 2016. 姜油树脂中β-倍半水芹烯的分离纯化. 食品工业科技, 37 (3):225-228.

种类Classification	化合物名称 Compound name	保留指数 RI	相对百分含量/% Relative percentage
种类Classification	化合物名称 Compound name	保留指数 RI	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	B8	B9
酯类 Esters	4-乙基苯甲酸2-苯基乙酯 4-Ethylbenzoic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester	1 350	—	—	3.24	4.86	—	6.59	—	5.99	—
	甲酸辛酯 Formic acid，octyl ester	1 110	—	—	0.78	0.36	—	0.41	—	—	—
	草酸二（2-苯基乙基）酯 Oxalic acid, di(2-phenylethyl) ester	1 735	—	—	—	—	3.10	—	—	—	—
	草酸2-苯基乙基丙酯 Oxalic acid, 2-phenylethyl propyl ester	1 731	—	—	—	—	—	—	8.92	—	3.07
	异硫氰酸烯丙酯 Allyl Isothiocyanate	1 055	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.07	—
醇类	正辛醇 1-Octanol	1 493	1.13	1.17	—	—	0.86	—	0.70	0.94	0.30
Alcohols	苯乙醇 Phenylethyl Alcohol	1 930	—	—	4.21	7.25	4.66	7.58	6.09	5.44	3.33
	3-呋喃甲醇 3-Furanmethanol	1 679	0.44	0.32	1.08	0.66	0.26	0.49	0.58	—	—
	反式-橙花叔醇 trans-Nerolidol	1 563	—	—	—	—	—	1.08	—	—	9.14
	橙花醇2 Nerolidol 2	1 561	—	5.58	—	—	—	—	4.05	—	—
	芳樟醇 Linalool	1 097	—	4.82	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.10
种类Classification	化合物名称 Compound name	保留指数 RI	相对百分含量/% Relative percentage
种类Classification	化合物名称 Compound name	保留指数 RI	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	B8	B9
	法呢醇 Farnesol	1 713	—	—	—	—	—	0.83	—	—	0.24
醛类	2-己烯醛 2-Hexenal	860	3.31	—	—	3.73	—	—	—	—	—
Aldehydes	壬醛 Nonanal	1 105	4.03	2.63	1.47	0.75	1.67	1.09	1.34	2.03	0.42
	苯乙醛 Benzeneacetaldehyde	1 658	—	—	10.64	7.38	8.16	14.15	9.82	5.63	9.04
	苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	1 544	—	—	2.05	2.28	1.08	1.73	1.65	1.55	1.36
酮类	香叶基丙酮 Geranyl acetone	1 434	—	0.77	0.37	0.70	0.43	0.33	0.37	2.16	—
Ketones	仲辛酮 2-Octanone	997	0.19	0.17	0.17	0.09	—	—	—	0.75	—
	甲基庚烯酮5-Hepten-2-one, 6-methyl-	987	—	0.16	0.24	0.11	0.18	0.13	-	0.89	—
酸类	棕榈酸 n-Hexadecanoic acid	1 969	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.81
Acids	月桂酸 Dodecanoic acid	1 145	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.00
	苯甲酸 Benzenecarboxylic acid	884	0.90	0.51	0.44	0.70	0.32	0.86	0.69	0.45	1.37
	壬酸 Nonanoic acid	1 272	0.34	—	0.18	0.19	—	0.24	0.19	0.21	0.25
	正十四碳酸 Tetradecanoic acid	1 770	—	0.22	0.23	—	—	0.53	—	—	0.63
酚类 Phenols	2-甲氧基-3-（2-丙烯基）-苯酚 Phenol, 2-methoxy-3-(2-propenyl)-	1 345	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.73	—
醚类Ethers	草蒿脑 Estragole	1 195	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.73	—
萜烯 Terpenes	（3E,5E）-2,6-二甲基-1,3,5,7-辛四烯2,6-Dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene，E,E-	1 130	3.55	0.57	0.86	0.97	0.80	0.72	0.82	0.33	0.30
	（E）-β-罗勒烯1,3,6-Octatriene，3,7-dimethyl-，（E）-	1 057	0.74	1.25	—	0.12	—	0.24	0.16	—	0.11
	（Z）-β-罗勒烯1,3,6-Octatriene，3,7-dimethyl-,（Z）-	1 051	10.89	13.04	1.11	2.00	0.99	3.72	2.55	0.27	1.04
	贝壳杉烯 Kaurene	2 034	0.19	—	—	1.40	—	2.92	—	0.16	—
	15-贝壳杉烯 Kaur-15-ene	1 989	—	—	0.32	0.69	—	1.58	0.35	0.12	0.71
	α-法呢烯α-Farnesene	1 483	—	—	—	—	—	0.63	1.88	3.32	4.65
	β-倍半水芹烯 β-Sesquiphellandrene	1 228	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	（E）-β-金合欢烯（E）-β-Famesene	1 464	—	1.48	—	0.13	—	0.59	—	—	—
	β-没药烯β-Bisabolene	1 508	—	0.43	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.07
	2,6-二甲基-6-（4-甲基-3-戊烯基）-双环 [3.1.1]庚-2-烯Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl）-	1 036	—	0.14	—	—	—	—	0.50	0.67	1.63
	1,3,8-对薄荷三烯 1,3,8-p-Menthatriene	1 097	0.27	2.42	—	0.09	—	—	0.21	—	—
	α-柏木烯 α-Funebrene	1 445	1.02	1.24	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	a-姜黄烯 α-Curcumene	1 480	—	0.69	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.97
烷烃	十七烷 Heptadecane	1 700	—	—	—	—	2.11	—	—	—	—
Alkanes	十八烷 Octadecane	1 800	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	9.74
	正二十烷 Eicosane	2 000	1.02	—	3.80	—	—	0.14	0.15	0.14	1.25
呋喃	2-甲基呋喃 Furan，2-methyl-	1 225	0.71	0.58	—	1.00	—	0.42	—	0.28	—
Furans	3-甲基呋喃 Furan，3-methyl-	1 218	—	—	1.10	—	0.33	0.67	0.58	—	0.20
腈类Nitriles	苯乙腈 Benzyl nitrile	947	—	—	3.53	24.47	11.98	16.44	20.25	15.83	6.46
其他 Others	吲哚 Indole	1 275	—	—	—	3.02	—	—	—	2.46	3.93
	吲嗪 Indolizine	1 250	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.60
	甲苯 Toluene	343	0.88	0.10	0.06	—	—	0.11	—	—	—

种类Classification	化合物名称 Compound name	保留指数 RI	相对百分含量/% Relative percentage
种类Classification	化合物名称 Compound name	保留指数 RI	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	B8	B9
酯类 Esters	4-乙基苯甲酸2-苯基乙酯 4-Ethylbenzoic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester	1 350	—	—	3.24	4.86	—	6.59	—	5.99	—
	甲酸辛酯 Formic acid，octyl ester	1 110	—	—	0.78	0.36	—	0.41	—	—	—
	草酸二（2-苯基乙基）酯 Oxalic acid, di(2-phenylethyl) ester	1 735	—	—	—	—	3.10	—	—	—	—
	草酸2-苯基乙基丙酯 Oxalic acid, 2-phenylethyl propyl ester	1 731	—	—	—	—	—	—	8.92	—	3.07
	异硫氰酸烯丙酯 Allyl Isothiocyanate	1 055	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.07	—
醇类	正辛醇 1-Octanol	1 493	1.13	1.17	—	—	0.86	—	0.70	0.94	0.30
Alcohols	苯乙醇 Phenylethyl Alcohol	1 930	—	—	4.21	7.25	4.66	7.58	6.09	5.44	3.33
	3-呋喃甲醇 3-Furanmethanol	1 679	0.44	0.32	1.08	0.66	0.26	0.49	0.58	—	—
	反式-橙花叔醇 trans-Nerolidol	1 563	—	—	—	—	—	1.08	—	—	9.14
	橙花醇2 Nerolidol 2	1 561	—	5.58	—	—	—	—	4.05	—	—
	芳樟醇 Linalool	1 097	—	4.82	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.10
种类Classification	化合物名称 Compound name	保留指数 RI	相对百分含量/% Relative percentage
种类Classification	化合物名称 Compound name	保留指数 RI	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	B8	B9
	法呢醇 Farnesol	1 713	—	—	—	—	—	0.83	—	—	0.24
醛类	2-己烯醛 2-Hexenal	860	3.31	—	—	3.73	—	—	—	—	—
Aldehydes	壬醛 Nonanal	1 105	4.03	2.63	1.47	0.75	1.67	1.09	1.34	2.03	0.42
	苯乙醛 Benzeneacetaldehyde	1 658	—	—	10.64	7.38	8.16	14.15	9.82	5.63	9.04
	苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	1 544	—	—	2.05	2.28	1.08	1.73	1.65	1.55	1.36
酮类	香叶基丙酮 Geranyl acetone	1 434	—	0.77	0.37	0.70	0.43	0.33	0.37	2.16	—
Ketones	仲辛酮 2-Octanone	997	0.19	0.17	0.17	0.09	—	—	—	0.75	—
	甲基庚烯酮5-Hepten-2-one, 6-methyl-	987	—	0.16	0.24	0.11	0.18	0.13	-	0.89	—
酸类	棕榈酸 n-Hexadecanoic acid	1 969	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.81
Acids	月桂酸 Dodecanoic acid	1 145	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.00
	苯甲酸 Benzenecarboxylic acid	884	0.90	0.51	0.44	0.70	0.32	0.86	0.69	0.45	1.37
	壬酸 Nonanoic acid	1 272	0.34	—	0.18	0.19	—	0.24	0.19	0.21	0.25
	正十四碳酸 Tetradecanoic acid	1 770	—	0.22	0.23	—	—	0.53	—	—	0.63
酚类 Phenols	2-甲氧基-3-（2-丙烯基）-苯酚 Phenol, 2-methoxy-3-(2-propenyl)-	1 345	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.73	—
醚类Ethers	草蒿脑 Estragole	1 195	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.73	—
萜烯 Terpenes	（3E,5E）-2,6-二甲基-1,3,5,7-辛四烯2,6-Dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene，E,E-	1 130	3.55	0.57	0.86	0.97	0.80	0.72	0.82	0.33	0.30
	（E）-β-罗勒烯1,3,6-Octatriene，3,7-dimethyl-，（E）-	1 057	0.74	1.25	—	0.12	—	0.24	0.16	—	0.11
	（Z）-β-罗勒烯1,3,6-Octatriene，3,7-dimethyl-,（Z）-	1 051	10.89	13.04	1.11	2.00	0.99	3.72	2.55	0.27	1.04
	贝壳杉烯 Kaurene	2 034	0.19	—	—	1.40	—	2.92	—	0.16	—
	15-贝壳杉烯 Kaur-15-ene	1 989	—	—	0.32	0.69	—	1.58	0.35	0.12	0.71
	α-法呢烯α-Farnesene	1 483	—	—	—	—	—	0.63	1.88	3.32	4.65
	β-倍半水芹烯 β-Sesquiphellandrene	1 228	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	（E）-β-金合欢烯（E）-β-Famesene	1 464	—	1.48	—	0.13	—	0.59	—	—	—
	β-没药烯β-Bisabolene	1 508	—	0.43	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.07
	2,6-二甲基-6-（4-甲基-3-戊烯基）-双环 [3.1.1]庚-2-烯Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl）-	1 036	—	0.14	—	—	—	—	0.50	0.67	1.63
	1,3,8-对薄荷三烯 1,3,8-p-Menthatriene	1 097	0.27	2.42	—	0.09	—	—	0.21	—	—
	α-柏木烯 α-Funebrene	1 445	1.02	1.24	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	a-姜黄烯 α-Curcumene	1 480	—	0.69	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.97
烷烃	十七烷 Heptadecane	1 700	—	—	—	—	2.11	—	—	—	—
Alkanes	十八烷 Octadecane	1 800	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	9.74
	正二十烷 Eicosane	2 000	1.02	—	3.80	—	—	0.14	0.15	0.14	1.25
呋喃	2-甲基呋喃 Furan，2-methyl-	1 225	0.71	0.58	—	1.00	—	0.42	—	0.28	—
Furans	3-甲基呋喃 Furan，3-methyl-	1 218	—	—	1.10	—	0.33	0.67	0.58	—	0.20
腈类Nitriles	苯乙腈 Benzyl nitrile	947	—	—	3.53	24.47	11.98	16.44	20.25	15.83	6.46
其他 Others	吲哚 Indole	1 275	—	—	—	3.02	—	—	—	2.46	3.93
	吲嗪 Indolizine	1 250	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.60
	甲苯 Toluene	343	0.88	0.10	0.06	—	—	0.11	—	—	—

种类 Type	化合物名称 Compound name	含量/（ng · g^-1） Content									香味描述 Aroma description
种类 Type	化合物名称 Compound name	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	B8	B9	香味描述 Aroma description
醇类 Alcohols	芳樟醇 Linalool	—	180.70	—	—	—	—	—	—	234.34	铃兰味木香、青香、花香、果香Lily of the valley woody，green，floral，fruity
	反式-橙花叔醇 trans-Nerolidol	—	—	—	—	—	69.84	—	—	1 021.72	花香、果香Floral，fruity
	正辛醇 1-Octanol	39.29	43.75	—	—	27.12	—	50.40	55.21	33.62	甜香、水果香Sweety，fruity
	3-呋喃甲醇 3-Furanmethanol	15.43	12.13	40.05	42.76	8.12	31.59	41.48	—	—	苦辣味Bitter smell
	苯乙醇 Phenylethyl Alcohol	—	—	156.26	468.88	147.49	490.98	437.87	320.90	372.49	清甜玫瑰花香Sweet rose floral
	橙花醇2 Nerolidol 2	—	209.34	—	—	—	—	291.35	—	—	甜花香、木香、柠檬香Sweet floral，woody，lemony
醛类 Aldehydes	苯乙醛 Benzeneacetaldehyde	—	—	394.96	477.71	258.49	916.13	706.63	331.64	1 010.73	水果甜香Fruity and sweety
	2-己烯醛 2-Hexenal	115.38	—	—	241.07	—	—	—	—	—	青草香、果香Herbal，fruity
	壬醛 Nonanal	140.39	98.51	54.39	48.71	52.94	70.66	96.45	119.39	46.77	玫瑰及柑橘味、油脂气味 Rose and citrus scents，with oily scent
	苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	—	—	76.10	147.24	34.27	111.96	118.40	91.66	151.57	杏仁味Almond flavor
酮类 Ketones	香叶基丙酮 Geranyl acetone	—	28.78	13.72	45.46	13.72	21.61	26.91	127.53	—	花香、果香、草香 Floral，fruity，herbal
酸类 Acids	苯甲酸 Benzenecarboxylic acid	31.27	19.16	16.35	45.15	10.00	55.44	49.78	26.55	152.67	刺激性气味，略带臭味 Pungent smell，slightly odor
醚类Ethers	草蒿脑 Estragole	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	101.72	—	茴香、草香Fennel，herbal
萜烯 Terpenes	（E）-β-罗勒烯 1,3,6-Octatriene， 3,7-dimethyl-，（E）-	25.69	46.86	—	7.78	—	15.56	11.58	—	12.48	草香、花香Herbal，floral
	（Z）-β-罗勒烯 1,3,6-Octatriene， 3,7-dimethyl-，（Z）-	379.40	489.16	41.31	129.34	31.46	241.14	183.67	16.16	116.82	草香、花香、橙花油气味 Herbal，floral，neroli oil scent
	1,3,8-对薄荷三烯 1,3,8-p-Menthatriene	9.56	90.73	—	5.57	—	—	15.34	—	—	薄荷味、柠檬味木香 Mint，lemony woody

种类 Type	化合物名称 Compound name	含量/（ng · g^-1） Content									香味描述 Aroma description
种类 Type	化合物名称 Compound name	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	B8	B9	香味描述 Aroma description
醇类 Alcohols	芳樟醇 Linalool	—	180.70	—	—	—	—	—	—	234.34	铃兰味木香、青香、花香、果香Lily of the valley woody，green，floral，fruity
	反式-橙花叔醇 trans-Nerolidol	—	—	—	—	—	69.84	—	—	1 021.72	花香、果香Floral，fruity
	正辛醇 1-Octanol	39.29	43.75	—	—	27.12	—	50.40	55.21	33.62	甜香、水果香Sweety，fruity
	3-呋喃甲醇 3-Furanmethanol	15.43	12.13	40.05	42.76	8.12	31.59	41.48	—	—	苦辣味Bitter smell
	苯乙醇 Phenylethyl Alcohol	—	—	156.26	468.88	147.49	490.98	437.87	320.90	372.49	清甜玫瑰花香Sweet rose floral
	橙花醇2 Nerolidol 2	—	209.34	—	—	—	—	291.35	—	—	甜花香、木香、柠檬香Sweet floral，woody，lemony
醛类 Aldehydes	苯乙醛 Benzeneacetaldehyde	—	—	394.96	477.71	258.49	916.13	706.63	331.64	1 010.73	水果甜香Fruity and sweety
	2-己烯醛 2-Hexenal	115.38	—	—	241.07	—	—	—	—	—	青草香、果香Herbal，fruity
	壬醛 Nonanal	140.39	98.51	54.39	48.71	52.94	70.66	96.45	119.39	46.77	玫瑰及柑橘味、油脂气味 Rose and citrus scents，with oily scent
	苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	—	—	76.10	147.24	34.27	111.96	118.40	91.66	151.57	杏仁味Almond flavor
酮类 Ketones	香叶基丙酮 Geranyl acetone	—	28.78	13.72	45.46	13.72	21.61	26.91	127.53	—	花香、果香、草香 Floral，fruity，herbal
酸类 Acids	苯甲酸 Benzenecarboxylic acid	31.27	19.16	16.35	45.15	10.00	55.44	49.78	26.55	152.67	刺激性气味，略带臭味 Pungent smell，slightly odor
醚类Ethers	草蒿脑 Estragole	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	101.72	—	茴香、草香Fennel，herbal
萜烯 Terpenes	（E）-β-罗勒烯 1,3,6-Octatriene， 3,7-dimethyl-，（E）-	25.69	46.86	—	7.78	—	15.56	11.58	—	12.48	草香、花香Herbal，floral
	（Z）-β-罗勒烯 1,3,6-Octatriene， 3,7-dimethyl-，（Z）-	379.40	489.16	41.31	129.34	31.46	241.14	183.67	16.16	116.82	草香、花香、橙花油气味 Herbal，floral，neroli oil scent
	1,3,8-对薄荷三烯 1,3,8-p-Menthatriene	9.56	90.73	—	5.57	—	—	15.34	—	—	薄荷味、柠檬味木香 Mint，lemony woody

化合物名称 Compound name	阈值/（mg · m^-3） Threshold	香气活性值（OAV）Odor activity values
化合物名称 Compound name	阈值/（mg · m^-3） Threshold	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	B8	B9
芳樟醇 Linalool	0.0024^[1]	—	752.92	—	—	—	—	—	—	976.40
反式-橙花叔醇 trans-Nerolidol	0.12^[2]	—	—	—	—	—	5.82	—	—	85.14
正辛醇 1-Octanol	0.022^[1]	17.86	19.89	—	—	12.33	—	22.91	25.10	15.28
3-呋喃甲醇 3-Furanmethanol	NA	/	/	/	/	/	/	/	—	—
苯乙醇 Phenylethyl alcohol	0.016^[1]	—	—	97.66	293.05	92.18	306.87	273.67	200.56	232.81
橙花醇2 Nerolidol 2	0.049^[1]	—	42.72	—	—	—	—	59.46	—	—
苯乙醛 Benzeneacetaldehyde	0.0063^[1]	—	—	626.92	758.26	410.30	1 454.17	1 121.63	526.42	1 604.33
2-己烯醛 2-Hexenal	0.088^[1]	13.11	—	—	27.39	—	—	—	—	—
壬醛 Nonanal	0.0031^[1]	452.88	317.78	175.45	157.14	170.77	227.94	311.12	385.11	150.87
苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	0.61^[1]	—	—	1.25	2.41	0.56	1.84	1.94	1.50	2.48
香叶基丙酮 Geranyl acetone	0.06^[2]	—	4.80	2.29	7.58	2.29	3.60	4.49	21.26	—
苯甲酸 Benzenecarboxylic acid	1^[1]	0.31	0.19	0.16	0.45	0.10	0.55	0.50	0.27	1.53
草蒿脑 Estragole	0.00013^[1]	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	7 824.84	—
（E）-β-罗勒烯1,3,6-Octatriene， 3,7-dimethyl-，（E）-	0.0187^[1]	13.74	25.06	—	4.16	—	8.32	6.20	—	6.67
（Z）-β-罗勒烯 1,3,6-Octatriene，3,7-dimethyl-，（Z）-	0.01^[1]	379.40	489.16	41.31	129.34	31.46	241.14	183.67	16.16	116.82
1,3,8-对薄荷三烯 1,3,8-p-Menthatriene	NA	/	/	—	/	—	—	/	—	—
α-柏木烯 α-Funebrene	0.08^[1]	4.42	5.82	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
β-倍半水芹烯 β-Sesquiphellandrene	0.036^[1]	—	—	—	—	—	—	20.38	—	—
（E）-β-金合欢烯（E）-β-Famesene	NA	—	/	—	/	—	/	—	—	—
β-没药烯 β-Bisabolene	NA	—	/	—	—	—	—	—	—	/
α-法呢烯α-Farnesene	NA	—	—	—	—	—	/	/	/	/
15-贝壳杉烯 Kaur-15-ene	NA	—	—	/	/	—	/	/	/	/
贝壳杉烯 Kaurene	NA	/	—	—	/	—	/	—	/	—
3-甲基呋喃 Furan，3-methyl-	0.005^[1]	49.41	43.56	—	129.47	—	54.21	—	32.71	—
2-甲基呋喃 Furan，2-methyl-	NA	/	—	—	/	—	/	—	/	—
苯乙腈 Benzyl nitrile	NA	—	—	/	/	/	/	/	/	/
吲哚 Indole	0.0081^[1]	—	—	—	240.99	—	—	—	179.37	541.99

Analysis of Petal Volatile Components Among Different Hemerocallis Cultivars Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 11

References 33

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

编号 No.	化合物名称 Compound name	第1主成分 1st PC	第2主成分 2st PC
1	苯乙醇Phenylethyl Alcohol	0.335	-0.871
2	苯甲酸Benzenecarboxylic acid	0.659	0.428
3	苯甲醛Benzaldehyde	0.463	-0.800
4	正辛醇1-Octanol	-0.490	0.555
5	苯乙醛Benzeneacetaldehyde	0.537	-0.699
6	壬醛Nonanal	-0.743	0.423
7	苯乙腈Benzyl nitrile	0.204	-0.720
8	3-甲基呋喃Furan，3-methyl-	0.121	-0.483
9	（Z）-β-罗勒烯 1,3,6-Octatriene，3,7-dimethyl-，（Z）-	-0.637	0.702
10	香叶基丙酮Geranyl acetone	-0.157	-0.289
11	3-呋喃甲醇3-Furanmethanol	-0.349	-0.399
12	α-法呢烯 α-Farnesene	0.810	0.184
13	2-甲基呋喃Furan，2-methyl-	-0.463	0.103
14	（E）-β-罗勒烯1,3,6-Octatriene，3,7-dimethyl-，（E）-	-0.564	0.752
15	15-贝壳杉烯Kaur-15-ene	0.438	-0.381
16	（E）-β-金合欢烯（E）-β-Famesene	-0.412	0.443
17	贝壳杉烯Kaurene	0.009	-0.472
18	反式-橙花叔醇trans-Nerolidol	0.891	0.423
19	2-己烯醛2-Hexenal	-0.287	0.028
20	吲哚Indole	0.722	0.075
21	1,3,8-对薄荷三烯1,3,8-p-Menthatriene	-0.488	0.656
22	草蒿脑Estragole	0.033	-0.225
23	α-柏木烯 α-Funebrene	-0.621	0.764
24	橙花醇2 Nerolidol 2	-0.369	0.465
25	芳樟醇Linalool	-0.050	0.790
26	β-没药烯 β-Bisabolene	0.684	0.690
27	β-倍半水芹烯β-Sesquiphellandrene	0.009	-0.112

[1]	DENG Chaojun, XU Qizhi, JIANG Jimou, HU Wenshun, ZHENG Shaoquan, CHEN Xiuping, JIANG Fan, XU Jiahui, SU Wenbing, ZHANG Yaling, and HUANG Jingfeng. A New Longan Cultivar‘Chunxiang’with Rich Aroma [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S2): 75-76.
[2]	DENG Chaojun, CHEN Xiuping, XU Qizhi, JIANG Jimou, ZHENG Shaoquan, HU Wenshun, JIANG Fan, XU Jiahui, SU Wenbing, ZHANG Yaling, and HUANG Jingfeng. A New Longan Cultivar‘Fuxiang’with Rich Aroma [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S2): 77-78.
[3]	ZHU Linlin, ZHOU Wanfei, NING Xuan, ZHU Jun, XI Wan, ZENG Xumei, XIONG Kangshun, WANG Caiyun, LUO Jing, ZHENG Riru. Analysis of Free Aromatic Components of Different Osmanthus fragrans Cultivars [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(11): 2395-2406.
[4]	CHU Sasa, FAN Xiangzhen, QIU Zhaokai, YANG Qi, ZHANG Yuting, WANG Yang, XU Xiaoshan, TONG Zaikang, ZHANG Junhong. Determination of Leaf Volatile Components from Five Phoebe Species [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(8): 1552-1564.
[5]	WEI Shuwei, WANG Shaomin, WANG Hongwei, RAN Kun, DONG Ran, DONG Xiaochang, ZHANG Yong. Effects of Calcium Treatment on Microstructure,Waxy Components and Aroma Emission of‘Nanguoli'Pear [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(6): 1197-1207.
[6]	BAI Lu, ZHANG Zhiguo, ZHANG Shijie, HUANG Dongmei, QIN Qiaoping. Isolation of Three Types of Invertase Genes from Hemerocallis fulva and Their Responses to Low Temperature and Osmotic Stress [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(2): 300-312.
[7]	ZHANG Haipeng1，LIU Cuihua2，LIU Yuan1，WEN Huan1，SHI Yaoqiang3，ZHANG Hongyan1，and XU Juan1,*. Research Advances of Volatile Terpenoids Metabolism in Citrus [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2020, 47(8): 1610-1624.
[8]	LIU Cai1,4,，XI Wan1,2,，YUAN Jinmei1,2，ZHU Linlin1,2，CHEN Hongguo3，ZOU Jingjing3，ZHENG . Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization of Linalool Synthase Gene OfTPS5 in Osmanthus fragrans‘Lianzi Dangui’Flowers [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2020, 47(2): 310-320.
[9]	SHEN Zhiguo, SUN Meng, YUAN Deyi, CHENG Jianming, DING Xin, and SHANG Zhonghai, . HS–SPME–GC–MS Analysis of Volatile Components in Tender Shoots from Six Plants of Calycanthaceae [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2020, 47(12): 2349-2361.
[10]	YAO Chenyang1,2，GE Hong2，WU Hua3，JIA Ruidong2，ZHAO Xin2，Lü Yingmin1,，and YANG Shuhua2,. Petal Volatile Components Among Different Varieties of Rosa rugosa [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2019, 46(2): 375-384.
[11]	LIU Shengyu1，ZHANG Shikui2，LU Juanfang1，LI Wenhui2，and XI Wanpeng1,3,*. Molecular Cloning and Function Analysis of Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase 1（CCD1）in Apricot Fruit [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2018, 45(3): 471-482.
[12]	ZOU Jingjing2,，CAI Xuan1,，ZENG Xiangling2，ZHENG Riru1,，and WANG Caiyun1,. Changes of Aroma-active Compounds in Different Cultivars of Osmanthus fragrans During Flowering [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2017, 44(8): 1517-1534.
[13]	HAN Congcong1，XUN Shouhua1,，JIANG Tianhua2，MAO Xiuhong1，and ZHENG Chengshu2. Studies on Aroma Compounds of Flowers of Six Germplasm of Genus Robinia* [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2017, 44(3): 557-565.
[14]	LIANG Xinyuan，GUO Xingxiu，and QI Hongyan*. Role of Lipoxygenase and Ethylene in Tomato Fruit Aroma Synthesis [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2017, 44(11): 2117-2125.
[15]	CHEN Jun-mei1，SONG Jun-yang1,，HE Jie2，GU Xiu-rong2，and ZHANG Xian2,. Studies on Volatile Components in the Flowers of Cymbidium goeringii and Cymbidium faberi from Qinling Mountains [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2016, 43(12): 2461-2472.