Review and Prospects of Pepper Breeding for the Past 60 Years in China

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0677

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (10): 2099-2118.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0677

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Review and Prospects of Pepper Breeding for the Past 60 Years in China

ZOU Xuexiao¹^,^*(), HU Bowen¹, XIONG Cheng¹, DAI Xiongze¹, LIU Feng¹, OU Lijun¹, YANG Bozhi¹, LIU Zhoubin¹, SUO Huan¹, XU Hao¹, ZHU Fan², and YUAN Fang¹

¹College of Horticulture,Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry for Germplasm Innovation and Breeding New Varieties of Horticultural Crops,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China
²College of Landscape Architecture and Art Design,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China

Received:2022-06-28 Revised:2022-08-30 Online:2022-10-25 Published:2022-10-31
Contact: ZOU Xuexiao E-mail:zouxuexiao428@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper introduces the important achievements of pepper breeding over the past 60 years in China. It includes the collection,identification,evaluation,utilization and exploration of germplasm resources. The paper also discusses the important advancement in breeding technologies which includes heterosis utilization,anther culture,marker-assisted selection（MAS）,multiple resistance breeding and shuttle breeding. In addition,the history of pepper breeding is reviewed,including the traditional breeding before 1980s and the modern breeding guided with National scientific and technological research after 1980s. Then,driven by the industrial demands,China's pepper breeding has been undergoing several major optimizations：increasing yield,adjusting growth period,enhancing disease resistance,breeding for easy storage and transportation,breeding processed-food-specific varieties,improving product quality,and breeding for mechanized harvesting. After more than four decades of development,a modern and world-leading commercial pepper breeding system has been completely established. Domestic varieties with independent intellectual property rights are taking over 95% of market share across the country. Meanwhile,there are several unique advantages of in China's pepper breeding industry,such as low barrier to entry,low risk,high efficiency,large team,rich varieties,and high effectiveness. However,there are also several problems that strongly restrict the development of the pepper seed industry in China,including homogenization of pepper varieties,difficulty in expanding pepper seed business enterprises and slow research progress of pepper molecular breeding technology. Long-season varieties cultivated in green house and ornamental pepper varieties are mainly imported because the pepper breeding in China is still lagging behind developed countries. Therefore,the future directions for pepper breeding in China will be improving product quality,producing varieties suitable for mechanized production,breeding varieties with medicinal or other functional ingredients,exploring and advertising local varieties with excellent properties,and innovating novel breeding technologies.

Key words: pepper, breeding, characteristics of pepper breeding, problems in seed industry, development trend

CLC Number:

S641.3

ZOU Xuexiao, HU Bowen, XIONG Cheng, DAI Xiongze, LIU Feng, OU Lijun, YANG Bozhi, LIU Zhoubin, SUO Huan, XU Hao, ZHU Fan, and YUAN Fang. Review and Prospects of Pepper Breeding for the Past 60 Years in China[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(10): 2099-2118.

Figures/Tables 3

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种类 Species	品种数 Variety number	种类 Species	品种数 Variety nmber	种类 Species	品种数 Variety nmber
西瓜Watermelon	785	菜豆Common bean	100	冬瓜Wax gourd	29
辣椒Pepper	707	苦瓜Balsam pear	92	洋葱Onion	23
大白菜Chinese cabbage	538	南瓜Pumpkin	84	蚕豆Broad bean	22
番茄Tomato	451	西葫芦Squash	82	节瓜Chieh qua	19
黄瓜Cucumber	299	白菜Pakchoi	68	胡萝卜Carrot	18
甘蓝Cabbage	201	花椰菜Cauliflower	59	大葱Chinese spring	18
茄子Eggplant	199	丝瓜Luffa	51	onion
甜瓜Maskmelon	169	豌豆Peas	45	茭白Water bamboo	17
食用菌Edible fungi	123	籽用南瓜Seed squash	44	莲藕Lotus root	17
萝卜Radish	107	有壳葫芦 Seed squash	43	其他Others	287
豇豆Asparagus bean	101	芹菜Celery	36	合计Total	4 834

种类 Species	品种数 Variety number	种类 Species	品种数 Variety nmber	种类 Species	品种数 Variety nmber
西瓜Watermelon	785	菜豆Common bean	100	冬瓜Wax gourd	29
辣椒Pepper	707	苦瓜Balsam pear	92	洋葱Onion	23
大白菜Chinese cabbage	538	南瓜Pumpkin	84	蚕豆Broad bean	22
番茄Tomato	451	西葫芦Squash	82	节瓜Chieh qua	19
黄瓜Cucumber	299	白菜Pakchoi	68	胡萝卜Carrot	18
甘蓝Cabbage	201	花椰菜Cauliflower	59	大葱Chinese spring	18
茄子Eggplant	199	丝瓜Luffa	51	onion
甜瓜Maskmelon	169	豌豆Peas	45	茭白Water bamboo	17
食用菌Edible fungi	123	籽用南瓜Seed squash	44	莲藕Lotus root	17
萝卜Radish	107	有壳葫芦 Seed squash	43	其他Others	287
豇豆Asparagus bean	101	芹菜Celery	36	合计Total	4 834

年份 Year	辣椒 Pepper	大白菜 Chinese cabbage	结球甘蓝 Cabbage	番茄 Tomato	黄瓜 Cucumber	茎瘤芥 Stem tumor mustard	西瓜 Watermelon	甜瓜 Maskmelon
2017	110	106	33	94	33	0	176	74
2018	1 630	1 035	335	946	719	9	1 256	858
2019	894	645	241	557	401	17	697	448
2020	1 163	496	259	517	276	8	573	408
2021	589	275	77	223	113	3	173	147
总和Total	4 386	2 557	945	2 337	1 542	37	2 875	1 935

年份 Year	辣椒 Pepper	大白菜 Chinese cabbage	结球甘蓝 Cabbage	番茄 Tomato	黄瓜 Cucumber	茎瘤芥 Stem tumor mustard	西瓜 Watermelon	甜瓜 Maskmelon
2017	110	106	33	94	33	0	176	74
2018	1 630	1 035	335	946	719	9	1 256	858
2019	894	645	241	557	401	17	697	448
2020	1 163	496	259	517	276	8	573	408
2021	589	275	77	223	113	3	173	147
总和Total	4 386	2 557	945	2 337	1 542	37	2 875	1 935

种类 Species	基因组 Genome size	种类 Species	基因组 Genome size	种类 Species	基因组 Genome size	种类 Species	基因组 Genome size
黄瓜Cucumber	330	辣椒（一年生辣椒）Pepper（Capsium annuum）	3 480	叶用莴苣Lettuce	2 500	丝瓜Loofah	736
甘蓝Cabbage	630	萝卜Radish	529	菠菜Spinach	1 010	芹菜Celery	3 180
大白菜 Chinese cabbage	485	二倍体马铃薯 Diploid potato	844	六倍体红薯 Hexaploid sweetpotato	2 200	利马豆Lima bean	622
鸽豌豆 Pigeon peas	833	辣椒（下垂辣椒） Pepper（C. annuum）	3 900	印度南瓜 Cucurbita maxima	380	洋葱Onion	16 000
木薯Cassava	760	豇豆Cowpea	538	茄子Eggplant	1 130	生姜Ginger	1 590
醋栗番茄Solanum pimpinellifolium	739	茭白Water Bamboo	590	芦笋Asparagus	1 300	大蒜,芥末Garlic,Mustard	1 070
番茄Tomato	900	胡萝卜Carrot	473	西葫芦Squash	283	花椒Zanthoxylum	4 400
甜瓜Muskmelon	450	黑芥Brassica nigra	591	花生Peanut	2 700	花椰菜Cauliflower	450
鹰嘴豆Chickpea	738	芥菜Brassica juncea	922	豌豆Peas	4 430	青花菜Broccoli	630
甜菜Beet	731	苦瓜Bitter gourd	340	芫荽Coriander	2 130

Review and Prospects of Pepper Breeding for the Past 60 Years in China

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