Inheritance Trend of Flower and Fruit Traits in F1 Progenies of Chinese Cherry

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0653

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (9): 1853-1865.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0653

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Inheritance Trend of Flower and Fruit Traits in F₁ Progenies of Chinese Cherry

WANG Yan¹^,², LIU Zhenshan¹^,², ZHANG Jing¹^,², YANG Pengfei¹^,², MA Lan¹^,², WANG Zhiyi¹^,², TU Hongxia¹^,², YANG Shaofeng¹^,², WANG Hao¹^,², CHEN Tao²^,³, WANG Xiaorong¹^,²^,^*()

¹Institute of Pomology and Olericulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China
²College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China
³College of Life Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Yaan,Sichuan 625014,China

Received:2022-04-12 Revised:2022-07-15 Online:2022-09-25 Published:2022-10-08
Contact: WANG Xiaorong E-mail:wangxr@sicau.edu.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the heredity variation and inheritance trend of flower and fruit traits in the F₁ progenies of Chinese cherry [Cerasus pseudocerasus（Lindl.）G. Don],17 major traits of 708 individuals derived from true hybrids of two distinct cultivars‘Hongfei’（with large fruit size and excellent comprehensive performance）and‘Pujiang Honghua’（a semi-wild germplasm with small fruit size）were analyzed. Under the climatic conditions of Chengdu City in Sichuan Province,the blooming date of F₁ progenies ranged from 7 to 17 February 2021,and mostly between 12 and 14 February. The fruit mature date started from 30 March to 19 April,with high frequency between 5 and 15 April. White,pinkish and pink petal color separation,and orange red,red,purple red and black purple peel color separation occurred in the F₁ progenies,showing abundant genetic variation of ornamental phenotypes. Seven important fruit traits,including fruit weight,size,fruit shape index,total soluble solid content and stalk length followed normal distributions,a typical sign of quantitative trait that might be controlled by polygenes. The broad-sense heritability（H_b²）of these traits ranged from 60.12% to 84.90%,and the coefficient of variation（CV）was between 4.77% and 20.75%. The average fruit weight of F₁ progenies was 3.71 g（range：1.60-6.37 g）,smaller than the mid-parent value,with the H_b² and CV value being 82.50% and 20.75%,respectively. The ratio of individuals with fruit weight higher than high parent（HH）and mid-parent（HM）was 28.81% and 2.26%. Ellipse,reniform,near round,heart and oblateness shape fruits were observed in the offspring. The former three shapes accounted for 32.34%,29.10% and 21.89%,indicating a tendency toward ellipse and round heredity. Total soluble solid（TSS）content,ranging from 8.38% to 20.53% and the mean value of 13.03%,had over high-parent tendency in F₁ progenies,with the H_b² value of 76.77%. 47.60% and 76.13% of individuals were higher than that of high parent and mid-parent respectively. As for fruit flavor,sweet-sour,sour-sweet and sweet accounted for 90.95% proportion of all hybrids. The fruit stalk length showed heterosis with an HH value of 51.13%,which was beneficial for fruits harvest,storage and transportation,as well as the cultivation of ornamental cultivars. Correlation analysis indicated that the fruit weight was positively correlated with the longitudinal,transverse and lateral diameters（r = 0.880^**-0.946^**）,but negatively correlated to the TSS content（r =-0.103^**）. These results will provide a basis for the prediction of offspring' main economic traits and parental selection in breeding programs of Chinese cherry.

Key words: Chinese cherry, Cerasus pseudocerasus, F₁ progeny, flower, fruit, trait, inheritance trend, correlation analysis

CLC Number:

S662.5

WANG Yan, LIU Zhenshan, ZHANG Jing, YANG Pengfei, MA Lan, WANG Zhiyi, TU Hongxia, YANG Shaofeng, WANG Hao, CHEN Tao, WANG Xiaorong. Inheritance Trend of Flower and Fruit Traits in F₁ Progenies of Chinese Cherry[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(9): 1853-1865.

Figures/Tables 11

References 25

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性状 Trait	分级 Trait number	性状描述 Trait characteristics
花期 Blooming date	—	全树25%花完全开放的时间 Date on 25% of flowers were full blooming
花蕾颜色Flower bud color	3	白、粉红、红 White,pink,red
花瓣颜色Petal color	3	白、浅粉红、粉红 White,pinkish,pink
果实成熟期 Fruit mature date	—	全树50%果实成熟的时期,其风味和颜色等表现出该品种固有的性状 Date on 50% of fruits have the unique characteristics of flavor and color of this cultivar
果实生育期 Fruit development period	5	盛花期至果实成熟期的天数。极短（≤ 42 d）,短（43 ~ 49 d）,中（50 ~ 56 d）, 长（57 ~ 63 d）,极长（≥ 64 d） The number of days from full bloom date to fruit mature date. Very short（≤ 42 d）, short（43 ~ 49 d）,medium（50 ~ 56 d）,long（57 ~ 63 d）,very long（≥ 64 d）
果实风味 Fruit flavor	4	酸、甜酸、酸甜、甜 Sour,sweet-sour,sour-sweet,sweet
果皮颜色 Peel color	6	黄、黄底红晕、橙红、红、紫红、黑紫 Yellow,vermilion on yellow ground,orange red,red,purple red,black purple
果肉颜色 Flesh color	5	乳白、黄、浅红、红、暗红 Cream-white,yellow,reddish,red,dark red
果实形状 Fruit shape	5	肾形、横椭圆形、近圆形、椭圆形、心脏形 Reniform,oblateness,near round,ellipse,heart
果顶形状 Fruit top shape	3	凹、平、凸 Concave,flat,convex

性状 Trait	分级 Trait number	性状描述 Trait characteristics
花期 Blooming date	—	全树25%花完全开放的时间 Date on 25% of flowers were full blooming
花蕾颜色Flower bud color	3	白、粉红、红 White,pink,red
花瓣颜色Petal color	3	白、浅粉红、粉红 White,pinkish,pink
果实成熟期 Fruit mature date	—	全树50%果实成熟的时期,其风味和颜色等表现出该品种固有的性状 Date on 50% of fruits have the unique characteristics of flavor and color of this cultivar
果实生育期 Fruit development period	5	盛花期至果实成熟期的天数。极短（≤ 42 d）,短（43 ~ 49 d）,中（50 ~ 56 d）, 长（57 ~ 63 d）,极长（≥ 64 d） The number of days from full bloom date to fruit mature date. Very short（≤ 42 d）, short（43 ~ 49 d）,medium（50 ~ 56 d）,long（57 ~ 63 d）,very long（≥ 64 d）
果实风味 Fruit flavor	4	酸、甜酸、酸甜、甜 Sour,sweet-sour,sour-sweet,sweet
果皮颜色 Peel color	6	黄、黄底红晕、橙红、红、紫红、黑紫 Yellow,vermilion on yellow ground,orange red,red,purple red,black purple
果肉颜色 Flesh color	5	乳白、黄、浅红、红、暗红 Cream-white,yellow,reddish,red,dark red
果实形状 Fruit shape	5	肾形、横椭圆形、近圆形、椭圆形、心脏形 Reniform,oblateness,near round,ellipse,heart
果顶形状 Fruit top shape	3	凹、平、凸 Concave,flat,convex

性状 Trait	亲本Parent		F₁性状（分离比例/%） Trait of F₁ progeny（Separation proportion）
性状 Trait	HF♀	PJHH♂	F₁性状（分离比例/%） Trait of F₁ progeny（Separation proportion）
花蕾颜色 Flower bud color	红 Red	白 White	白White （16.67）	粉红Pink （57.06）	红Red （26.27）
花瓣颜色 Petal color	浅粉红 Pinkish	白 White	白White （61.86）	浅粉红Pinkish （26.69）	粉红Pink （11.44）
果皮颜色 Peel color	紫红 Purple red	红 Red	橙红Orange red （12.99）	红Red （55.08）	紫红Purple red （25.99）	黑紫Black purple （5.93）
果肉颜色 Flesh color	乳白 Cream-white	黄 Yellow	乳白Cream-white （37.85）	黄Yellow （50.14）	浅红Reddish （7.06）	红Red （3.53）	暗红Dark red （1.41）

性状 Trait	亲本Parent		F₁性状（分离比例/%） Trait of F₁ progeny（Separation proportion）
性状 Trait	HF♀	PJHH♂	F₁性状（分离比例/%） Trait of F₁ progeny（Separation proportion）
花蕾颜色 Flower bud color	红 Red	白 White	白White （16.67）	粉红Pink （57.06）	红Red （26.27）
花瓣颜色 Petal color	浅粉红 Pinkish	白 White	白White （61.86）	浅粉红Pinkish （26.69）	粉红Pink （11.44）
果皮颜色 Peel color	紫红 Purple red	红 Red	橙红Orange red （12.99）	红Red （55.08）	紫红Purple red （25.99）	黑紫Black purple （5.93）
果肉颜色 Flesh color	乳白 Cream-white	黄 Yellow	乳白Cream-white （37.85）	黄Yellow （50.14）	浅红Reddish （7.06）	红Red （3.53）	暗红Dark red （1.41）

性状 Trait	亲本Parents			F₁			H_b²/ %	T_a/ %	H/ %	HH/ %	HM/ %	LL/ %	峰度 Kurtosis	偏度 Skewness
性状 Trait	HF♀	PJHH♂	MP	Average	Range	CV/%	H_b²/ %	T_a/ %	H/ %	HH/ %	HM/ %	LL/ %	峰度 Kurtosis	偏度 Skewness
单果质量/g Fruit weight	5.35 ± 0.38	2.83 ± 0.25	4.09	3.71 ± 0.77	1.60 ~ 6.37	20.75	82.50	90.62	-9.38	2.26	28.81	11.86	0.07	0.29
纵径/mm Longitudinal diameter	21.88 ± 1.16	15.90 ± 0.42	18.89	18.46 ± 1.40	14.20 ~ 22.87	7.61	61.40	97.74	-2.26	0.99	38.14	5.23	0.05	-0.01
横径/mm Transverse diameter	21.45 ± 0.60	17.00 ± 0.50	19.23	18.50 ± 1.43	14.00 ~ 23.77	7.71	84.90	96.25	-3.75	1.84	31.78	14.83	0.17	-0.05
侧径/mm Lateral diameter	18.77 ± 0.63	15.80 ± 0.51	17.29	16.41 ± 1.27	12.65 ~ 20.61	7.74	79.62	94.93	-5.07	2.97	25.14	32.20	-0.10	0.03
果形指数 Fruit shape index	1.02 ± 0.05	0.94 ± 0.03	0.98	1.00 ± 0.05	0.87 ~ 1.15	4.77	18.14	101.81	1.81	27.68	64.55	10.45	0.11	0.23
可溶性固形物/% Total soluble solid	12.97 ± 0.90	10.96 ± 0.63	11.97	13.03 ± 1.62	8.38 ~ 20.53	12.44	76.77	108.89	8.89	47.60	76.13	8.33	1.04	0.45
果柄长/mm Fruit stalk length	19.94 ± 3.33	15.95 ± 1.17	17.94	20.40 ± 3.95	10.53 ~ 33.88	19.37	60.12	113.72	13.72	51.13	72.88	11.90	0.29	0.43

Inheritance Trend of Flower and Fruit Traits in F₁ Progenies of Chinese Cherry

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性状 Trait	单果质量 Fruit weight	纵径 Longitudinal diameter	横径 Transverse diameter	侧径 Lateral diameter	果形指数 Fruit shape index	可溶性固形物 TSS	果柄长度 Fruit stalk length	花蕾颜色 Bud color	花瓣颜色 Petal color	果皮颜色 Peel color
纵径Longitudinal diameter	0.880^**
横径Transverse diameter	0.946^**	0.808^**
侧径Lateral diameter	0.938^**	0.788^**	0.908^**
果形指数 Fruit shape index	-0.130^**	0.284^**	-0.333^**	-0.215^**
可溶性固形物TSS	-0.103^**	-0.105^**	-0.105^**	-0.161^**	0.006
果柄长度 Fruit stalk length	0.004	0.100^**	-0.030	-0.034	0.206^**	0.077^*
花蕾颜色Bud color	-0.402	-0.062	-0.061	-0.038	-0.001	-0.049	0.103^**
花瓣颜色Petal color	-0.011	-0.019	-0.016	-0.007	-0.002	-0.039	0.073	0.662^**
果皮颜色Peel color	0.002	-0.004	-0.025	-0.021	0.037	0.090^*	0.019	0.018	0.057
果肉颜色Flesh color	0.061	-0.038	-0.057	-0.066	0.034	-0.003	-0.057	0.030	0.017	0.273^**

[1]	SONG Yanhong, CHEN Yaduo, ZHANG Xiaoyu, SONG Pan, LIU Lifeng, LI Gang, ZHAO Xia, and ZHOU Houcheng, . The Transcription Factor FvbHLH130 Activates Flowering in Fragaria vesca [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(2): 295-306.
[2]	REN Hailong, XU Donglin, ZHANG Jing, ZOU Jiwen, LI Guangguang, ZHOU Xianyu, XIAO Wanyu, and SUN Yijia. Establishment of SNP Fingerprinting and Identification of Chinese Flowering Cabbage Varieties Based on KASP Genotyping [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(2): 307-318.
[3]	LI Ruiya, SONG Chengwei, NIU Tongfei, WEI Zhenzhen, GUO Lili, and HOU Xiaogai. The Emitted Pattern Analysis of Flower Volatiles and Cloning of PsGDS Gene in Tree Peony Cultivar‘High Noon’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(2): 331-344.
[4]	ZHANG Ailing, TU Hongyan, XIAO Wang, ZHONG Xiaoqing, LU Qiuchan, CHENG Liping, LIN Xiaoping, and MAI Yuling. Morphology and Microstructure Characteristics of Diploid and Tetraploid Hedychium coronarium Cut Flowers [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(2): 345-358.
[5]	TIAN Mingkang, XU Zhixiang, LIU Xiuqun, SUI Shunzhao, LI Mingyang, and LI Zhineng, . Identification of the AP2 Subfamily Transcription Factors in Chimonanthus praecox and the Functional Study of CpAP2-L11 [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(2): 382-396.
[6]	WANG Mengmeng, SUN Deling, CHEN Rui, YANG Yingxia, ZHANG Guan, LÜ Mingjie, WANG Qian, XIE Tianyu, NIU Guobao, SHAN Xiaozheng, TAN Jin, and YAO Xingwei, . Construction and Evaluation of Cauliflower Core Collection [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(2): 421-431.
[7]	YANG Zhi, ZHANG Chuanjiang, YANG Xinfang, DONG Mengyi, WANG Zhenlei, YAN Fenfen, WU Cuiyun, WANG Jiurui, LIU Mengjun, LIN Minjuan. Analysis of Fruit Genetic Tendency and Mixed Inheritance in Hybrid Progeny of Jujube and Wild Jujube [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(1): 36-52.
[8]	YUAN Xin, XU Yunhe, ZHANG Yupei, SHAN Nan, CHEN Chuying, WAN Chunpeng, KAI Wenbin, ZHAI Xiawan, CHEN Jinyin, GAN Zengyu. Studies on AcAREB1 Regulating the Expression of AcGH3.1 During Postharvest Ripening of Kiwifruit [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(1): 53-64.
[9]	LIU Yiping, NI Menghui, WU Fangfang, LIU Hongli, HE Dan, KONG Dezheng. Association Analysis of Organ Traits with SSR Markers in Lotus（Nelumbo nucifera） [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(1): 103-115.
[10]	SHAO Fengqing, LUO Xiurong, WANG Qi, ZHANG Xianzhi, WANG Wencai. Advances in Research of DNA Methylation Regulation During Fruit Ripening [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(1): 197-208.
[11]	WANG Yingying, LIU Lichang, LIU Zhiwu, YANG Xingwang, LIU Wanchun, and WANG Xiaodi, . A New Little Nectarine Cultivar‘Zhongnong Zhenzhu’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S2): 25-26.
[12]	SONG Fang, CHEN Qi, YUAN Yanliang, CHEN Sha, YIN Haijun, and JIANG Yingchun, . A New Yellow-fleshed Kiwifruit Cultivar‘Xianwo 1’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S2): 47-48.
[13]	QI Yongjie, GAO Zhenghui, MA Na, WANG Qingming, KE Fanjun, CHEN Qian, and XU Yiliu, . A New Yellow Flesh and Resistant to Canker Disease Kiwifruit Cultivar ‘Wannong Jinguo’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S2): 49-50.
[14]	ZHANG Huiqin, LOU Guorong, LU Linghong, GU Xianbin, SONG Genhua, and XIE Ming. A New Yellow-fleshed Kiwifruit Cultivar‘Jinyi’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S2): 51-52.
[15]	JI Linlin, CHEN Suchuan, WU Zhihui, CHANG Jun, HAN Wenyan, and TAO Rupeng. A New Carya cathayensis Cultivar‘Ningguo Shanhetao 2’with Premature Flowering [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S2): 53-54.