Studies on Flowering Characteristics and Breeding System of Paphiopedilum dianthum

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0809

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5): 1002-1012.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0809

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Studies on Flowering Characteristics and Breeding System of Paphiopedilum dianthum

YANG Jiahui¹, WU Ting², ZHU Jun¹, YANG Shuhua², ZHAO Xin², GE Hong², WU Ronghua¹^,^*(), JIA Ruidong²^,^*()

¹College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
²Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China

Received:2020-11-09 Revised:2021-04-10 Online:2021-05-25 Published:2021-06-07
Contact: WU Ronghua,JIA Ruidong E-mail:Wuronghua06@126.com;jiaruidong@caas.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

The floral characteristics and flowering process ofPaphiopedilum dianthum under greenhouse cultivation condition were investigated. Meanwhile,the pollen viability and stigma acceptability determination,hybridization index estimation,and artificial controlled pollination test were conducted to analyze floral characteristics and breeding system of the P. dianthum. The results showed that P. dianthum blossomed from June to September,with a single flowering period of 45 to 55 d,a single plant flowering period of 75 to 90 d. Each plant generally produced one peduncle bearing with two to five flowers. During the entire blooming process,the pollinia formed by anthers were persistently located on both sides of the staminode and the relative positions remained unchanged. The pollen viability and stigma receptivity reached the highest in the full-flowering period(flowering 6 to 34 d),and the pollen and sitgma have a longer life span. The hybridization index(OCI)ofP. dianthum was four. Regardless of emasculation or not,the seed setting rates of artificial self-pollination,artificial cross-pollination of the same plant,and artificial cross-pollination of different plants were 83.30%,90.00%,and 96.70%,respectively. No significant difference was observed among these rates,which were all significantly higher than that of natural pollination. These results demonstrate that there is no apomixis but highly passive self-crossing and out-crossing abilities in the P. dianthum,and the breeding system is a mixed mating system of selfing and out-crossing that requires pollinators.

Key words: Paphiopedilum dianthum, flower, pollen viability, stigma, receptivity, hybridization index, breeding system

CLC Number:

S682.31

YANG Jiahui, WU Ting, ZHU Jun, YANG Shuhua, ZHAO Xin, GE Hong, WU Ronghua, JIA Ruidong. Studies on Flowering Characteristics and Breeding System of Paphiopedilum dianthum[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(5): 1002-1012.

Figures/Tables 9

References 37

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株高Plant height	最大叶片Maximum leaf		花茎高 Scape height	唇瓣 Lip		合萼片 Synsepal		中萼片 Dorsal sepal		雄蕊 Staminoid		花瓣 Petal		唇口 Labellum		子房长 Length of ovary
株高Plant height	长 Length	宽 Width	花茎高 Scape height	横径 Dia- meter	纵径Vertical diameter	长 Length	宽 Width	长 Length	宽 Width	横径 Dia- meter	纵径 Vertical diameter	长 Length	宽 Width	横径 Dia- meter	纵径 Vertical diameter	子房长 Length of ovary
53.00 ± 5.60	28.70 ± 3.50	5.27 ± 0.50	46.30 ± 5.80	2.30 ± 0.20	4.50 ± 0.20	4.27 ± 0.10	2.81 ± 0.40	4.62 ± 0.20	2.49 ± 0.30	1.18 ± 0.10	1.51 ± 0.10	10.27 ± 0.80	1.19 ± 0.10	2.68 ± 0.10	1.63 ± 0.20	5.55 ± 0.17

株高Plant height	最大叶片Maximum leaf		花茎高 Scape height	唇瓣 Lip		合萼片 Synsepal		中萼片 Dorsal sepal		雄蕊 Staminoid		花瓣 Petal		唇口 Labellum		子房长 Length of ovary
株高Plant height	长 Length	宽 Width	花茎高 Scape height	横径 Dia- meter	纵径Vertical diameter	长 Length	宽 Width	长 Length	宽 Width	横径 Dia- meter	纵径 Vertical diameter	长 Length	宽 Width	横径 Dia- meter	纵径 Vertical diameter	子房长 Length of ovary
53.00 ± 5.60	28.70 ± 3.50	5.27 ± 0.50	46.30 ± 5.80	2.30 ± 0.20	4.50 ± 0.20	4.27 ± 0.10	2.81 ± 0.40	4.62 ± 0.20	2.49 ± 0.30	1.18 ± 0.10	1.51 ± 0.10	10.27 ± 0.80	1.19 ± 0.10	2.68 ± 0.10	1.63 ± 0.20	5.55 ± 0.17

时期Stage	花粉活力/%Pollen activity	柱头可授性Stigma receptivity
花苞Ⅰ期Bud stageⅠ	10.33 ± 1.17 f	+/-
花苞Ⅱ期Bud stageⅡ	20.43 ± 1.69 e	+/-
初花Ⅰ期First flowering stageⅠ	38.33 ± 2.15 c	+
初花Ⅱ期First flowering stageⅡ	49.83 ± 4.30 b	++
盛花期Full-bloom stage	78.26 ± 3.16 a	++
末花期Final flowering stage	27.43 ± 4.06 d	-

时期Stage	花粉活力/%Pollen activity	柱头可授性Stigma receptivity
花苞Ⅰ期Bud stageⅠ	10.33 ± 1.17 f	+/-
花苞Ⅱ期Bud stageⅡ	20.43 ± 1.69 e	+/-
初花Ⅰ期First flowering stageⅠ	38.33 ± 2.15 c	+
初花Ⅱ期First flowering stageⅡ	49.83 ± 4.30 b	++
盛花期Full-bloom stage	78.26 ± 3.16 a	++
末花期Final flowering stage	27.43 ± 4.06 d	-

处理方式 Treatment	处理花数 Number of flowers	结实数 Number of fruit	结实率/% Fruit set
自然授粉Open pollination	30	2	6.70 ± 0.05 B
自然自花授粉(套袋)Free self-pollination(unbagged)	30	0	0 C
去雄不授粉 Emasculation,no pollination	30	0	0 C
人工自花授粉 Manual self-pollination	30	25	83.30 ± 0.05 A
人工同株异花授粉 Manual goitonogamy	30	27	90.00 ± 0.10 A
人工异株授粉 Manual cross-pollination	30	29	96.70 ± 0.05 A

Studies on Flowering Characteristics and Breeding System of Paphiopedilum dianthum

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