Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5): 973-986.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0586
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WANG Junwen1, WU Yue1,*(), YU Jihua1,2,*(), ZHANG Jing1, XIE Jianming1, FENG Zhi1, TANG Zhongqi1, LIU Xiaoqi1, LI Jing1, ZHONG Yuan2
Received:
2020-07-27
Revised:
2020-09-01
Online:
2021-05-25
Published:
2021-06-07
Contact:
WU Yue,YU Jihua
E-mail:wuy@gsau.edu.cn;yujihua@gsau.edu.cn
CLC Number:
WANG Junwen, WU Yue, YU Jihua, ZHANG Jing, XIE Jianming, FENG Zhi, TANG Zhongqi, LIU Xiaoqi, LI Jing, ZHONG Yuan. Soluble Sugar,Organic Acid Quality and Volatile Compounds Contents in Tomato Fruits can be Promoted by Exogenous ALA[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(5): 973-986.
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URL: https://www.ahs.ac.cn/EN/10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0586
Fig. 1 Effect of exogenous ALA on the soluble sugars during maturation of tomato fruit Vertical bars represent mean ± SE value(n = 3),no significant differences at the 0.05 level among difference treatments were indicated by same letters. The data of 44 and 40 d were compared and analyzed at the same time. The same below.
Fig. 2 Effect of exogenous ALA on the organic acids during maturation of tomato fruits Vertical bars represent mean ± SE value(n = 3),no significant differences at the 0.05 level among difference treatments were indicated by same letters. The data of 44 and 40 d were compared and analyzed at the same time.
Fig. 3 Effects of exogenous ALA on total soluble sugar content, organic acid content and sugar acid ratio during maturation of tomato fruits Vertical bars represent mean ± SE value(n = 3),no significant differences at the 0.05 level among difference treatments were indicated by same letters. The data of 44 and 40 d were compared and analyzed at the same time.
类别 Category | 挥发性物质 Volatile compound | 保留时 间/min Retention time | ALA/(mg·L -1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 (对照 Control) | 100 | 200 | |||
醇类 Alcohols | 反-2-己烯-1-醇 (E)-2-Hexen-1-ol | 29.40 | 11.99 ± 0.78 c | 17.11 ± 1.47 b | 23.31 ± 0.82 a |
顺-2-戊烯醇 (Z)-2-Penten-1-ol | 25.48 | 4.51 ± 0.52 b | 5.18 ± 0.69 b | 11.68 ± 1.29 a | |
顺-4-庚烯-1-醇 (Z)-4-Hepten-1-ol | 33.56 | 1.94 ± 0.32 b | 1.85 ± 0.18 b | 5.37 ± 0.32 a | |
正戊醇 1-Pentanol | 22.43 | 3.94 ± 0.36 b | 4.95 ± 0.64 b | 11.41 ± 0.78 a | |
(S)-(+)-3-甲基-戊醇 (S)-(+)-3-Methyl-1-pentanol | 25.91 | — | — | 3.44 | |
1-环丁烯-1-甲醇 Cyclobut-1-enylmethanol | 15.76 | — | — | 0.80 | |
1-壬醇 1-Nonanol | 39.40 | 1.64 ± 0.16 b | 1.90 ± 0.59 b | 3.90 ± 0.21 a | |
1-戊烯-3-醇 1-Penten-3-ol | 18.34 | 1.72 ± 0.16 b | 2.47 ± 0.59 b | 4.69 ± 0.21 a | |
1-辛烯-3-醇 1-Octen-3-ol | 31.21 | 1.19 ± 0.21 c | 2.34 ± 0.39 b | 4.63 ± 0.31 a | |
2-辛烯-1-醇 2-Octen-1-ol | 38.01 | 0.28 ± 0.04 b | — | 0.55 ± 0.03 a | |
2-乙基己醇 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol | 32.93 | 1.52 ± 0.22 b | 2.13 ± 0.19 ab | 3.24 ± 0.5 a | |
3-甲基-1-戊醇 3-Methyl-pentanol | 25.89 | 1.27 ± 0.12 b | 2.06 ± 0.35 ab | 2.60 ± 0.22 a | |
4, 8-二甲基-1-壬醇 4,8-Dimethyl-1-nonanol | 35.87 | — | — | 0.59 | |
苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol | 45.73 | 3.38 ± 0.89 ab | 2.41 ± 0.3 b | 6.12 ± 1.12 a | |
苯乙醇 Phenylethyl alcohol | 46.63 | 1.90 ± 0.22 c | 4.36 ± 0.35 b | 8.53 ± 0.51 a | |
反-2-辛烯-1-醇 trans-2-Octenol | 38.00 | 0.39 ± 0.08 b | 0.55 ± 0.12 b | 1.07 ± 0.03 a | |
反-4-己烯-1-醇 (E)-4-Hexen-1-ol | 29.61 | 0.48 ± 0.03 c | 1.93 ± 0.05 a | 1.49 ± 0.15 b | |
糠醇 2-Furanmethanol | 39.84 | — | — | 8.47 | |
顺-3-辛烯-1-醇 (Z)-3-Octen-1-ol | 38.14 | — | 1.37 ± 0.1 b | 3.93 ± 0.08 a | |
顺-4-己烯-1-醇 (Z)-4-Hexen-1-ol | 30.12 | — | 0.97 ± 0.07 a | 0.30 ± 0.02 b | |
顺-5-辛烯-1-醇 cis-5-Octen-1-ol | 38.15 | 1.61 ± 0.11 b | — | 3.15 ± 0.38 a | |
顺-3-己烯-1-醇 (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol | 27.99 | 319.23 ± 19.53 b | 681.87 ± 50.75 a | 653.42 ± 22.04 a | |
乙醇 Ethyl acetate | 9.44 | 245.21 ± 11.94 a | 164.74 ± 13.46 b | 248.83 ± 13.03 a | |
异戊醇 3-Methyl-1-butanol | 20.50 | 24.69 ± 0.78 b | 14.99 ± 1.25 c | 39.67 ± 2.39 a | |
正丁醇 1-Butanol | 18.02 | — | — | 9.66 | |
正庚醇 1-Heptanol | 31.49 | 2.91 ± 0.18 b | 3.04 ± 0.27 b | 7.29 ± 0.63 a | |
类别 Category | 挥发性物质 Volatile compound | 保留时 间/min Retention time | ALA/(mg·L -1) | ||
0 (对照 Control) | 100 | 200 | |||
正己醇 1-Hexanol | 27.06 | 110.00 ± 7.36 b | 146.90 ± 11.77 b | 285.63 ± 22.69 a | |
正辛醇 1-Octanol | 35.77 | 3.62 ± 0.28 b | 3.37 ± 0.53 b | 7.98 ± 0.70 a | |
(S)-(+)-6-甲基-1-辛 (S)-(+)-6-Methyl-1-octanol | 36.09 | — | 0.24 | — | |
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-醇 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-ol | 31.73 | — | 0.17 | — | |
6-甲基庚醇 6-Methyl-1-heptanol | 35.88 | 0.41 ± 0.03 a | 0.21 ± 0.01 b | — | |
反-1, 2-环戊二醇 Trans-1,2-Cyclopentanediol | 15.73 | — | 0.29 | — | |
顺-2-已烯-1-醇 (Z)-2-Hexen-1-ol | 29.78 | 0.31 ± 0.03 b | 0.41 ± 0.02 a | — | |
顺-3-壬烯-1-醇 cis-3-Nonen-1-ol | 29.16 | — | 0.18 | — | |
芳樟醇 Linalool | 35.28 | 0.99 | — | — | |
合计Total | 745.13 ± 57.81 b | 1 067.95 ± 101.97 b | 1 361.72 ± 118.34 a | ||
醛类 Aldehydes | 2-丁烯醛 (E)-2-Butenal | 13.34 | — | — | 0.14 |
2-己烯醛 2-Hexenal | 20.89 | 52.62 ± 1.78 b | — | 270.57 ± 7.61 a | |
反-2-已烯醛 (E)-2-Hexenal | 20.75 | 85.66 ± 1.97 c | 153.04 ± 8.14 b | 245.67 ± 10.96 a | |
3-己烯醛 3-Hexenal | 17.16 | 6.69 ± 1.12 b | 10.19 ± 1.34 b | 17.03 ± 1.56 a | |
苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde | 34.47 | 4.55 ± 0.58 b | 5.69 ± 0.78 b | 15.47 ± 2.03 a | |
反,反-2, 4-庚二烯醛 (E,E)-2, 4-Heptadienal | 32.56 | 1.18 ± 0.17 b | 1.84 ± 0.23 b | 3.36 ± 0.20 a | |
反,反-2, 4-己二烯醛 (E,E)-2, 4-Hexadienal | 29.19 | 2.24 ± 0.18 b | 7.70 ± 1.54 a | 8.87 ± 1.38 a | |
反-2-庚烯醛 (E)-2-Heptenal | 25.73 | — | 6.96 ± 0.74 b | 10.70 ± 0.57 a | |
反-2-甲基-2-丁烯醛 Tiglic aldehyde | 15.27 | 8.77 ± 0.76 b | 3.07 ± 0.49 c | 21.23 ± 1.31 a | |
反-2-壬醛 (E)-2-Nonenal | 34.96 | 0.19 ± 0.03 a | 0.15 ± 0.01 a | 0.16 ± 0.02 a | |
反-2-戊烯醛 (E)-2-Pentenal | 16.79 | 9.82 ± 0.91 b | 6.61 ± 0.76 b | 17.10 ± 1.87 a | |
反-3, 7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯醛 Geranial | 42.27 | 0.72 ± 0.05 c | 1.47 ± 0.09 b | 2.77 ± 0.16 a | |
反-4-癸醛 (E)-4-Decenal | 35.05 | 0.76 ± 0.13 b | 0.22 ± 0.01 c | 1.12 ± 0.03 a | |
反-4-氧合己醛 (E)-4-Oxohex-2-enal | 37.26 | 0.65 ± 0.05 b | 1.07 ± 0.16 ab | 1.54 ± 0.31 a | |
壬醛 Nonanal | 28.80 | 9.15 ± 0.81 c | 13.15 ± 0.89 b | 18.39 ± 1.50 a | |
顺-2-庚烯醛 (Z)-2-Heptenal | 25.76 | 2.92 ± 0.63 b | 1.66 ± 0.11 b | 6.00 ± 0.75 a | |
顺-4-癸烯醛 (Z)-4-Decenal | 35.03 | — | 0.71 ± 0.12 b | 2.65 ± 0.36 a | |
正己醛 Hexanal | 14.64 | 46.68 ± 2.10 b | 53.97 ± 4.54 b | 124.92 ± 3.76 a | |
正辛醛 Octanal | 24.06 | 2.44 ± 0.53 b | 3.45 ± 0.70 b | 6.97 ± 0.73 a | |
2-甲基-4-戊醛 2-methyl-4-Pentenal | 17.82 | — | 4.50 | — | |
反,反-2, 4-癸二烯醛 (E,E)-2, 4-Decadienal | 43.10 | — | 0.34 | — | |
癸醛 Decanal | 33.33 | — | 2.06 | — | |
顺-2-壬醛 (Z)-2-Nonenal | 34.93 | — | 0.19 | — | |
顺-3-己烯醛 cis-3-Hexenal | 17.73 | — | 0.19 | — | |
顺-4-庚烯醛 (Z)-4-Heptenal | 21.90 | 0.21 | — | — | |
合计Total | 235.25 ± 16.84 b | 278.23 ± 22.63 b | 774.66 ± 97.60 a | ||
酯类 Esters | N-苯基香豆甲酯 Methyl N-phenylcarbamate | 42.72 | — | 42.51 ± 1.73 b | 59.76 ± 3.85 a |
乙酸己酯 Hexyl acetate | 23.26 | 1.13 ± 0.05 b | 0.48 ± 0.05 c | 2.19 ± 0.18 a | |
乙酸叶醇酯 (3Z)-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate | 25.34 | 4.20 ± 0.53 b | 2.89 ± 0.43 b | 10.98 ± 0.71 a | |
乙酸乙酯 Ethyl acetate | 8.10 | 38.36 ± 2.95 a | 5.01 ± 0.67 b | 39.89 ± 3.32 a | |
水杨酸甲酯 Methyl salicylate | 43.49 | — | 2.59 | — | |
乙酸异戊酯 3-Methyl-1-butyl acetate | 16.37 | 2.53 | — | — | |
合计Total | 46.22 ± 6.73 b | 53.48 ± 0.98 c | 112.82 ± 8.29 a | ||
酮类 Ketones | 1-戊烯-3-酮 Penten-3-one | 12.26 | 6.72 ± 0.97 b | 16.31 ± 0.80 a | 16.42 ± 1.06 a |
1-辛烯-3-酮 1-Octen-3-one | 24.64 | — | 1.42 ± 0.11 b | 1.75 ± 0.04 a | |
2-羟基苯乙酮 2-Hydroxyacetophenone | 44.10 | 2.93 ± 0.36 b | 1.98 ± 0.26 b | 8.12 ± 0.81 a | |
香叶基丙酮 Geranylacetone | 45.18 | — | 6.10 ± 0.74 b | 12.13 ± 0.76 a | |
β-紫罗兰酮 β-Ionone | 47.46 | 0.81 ± 0.07 c | 3.73 ± 0.58 a | 2.53 ± 0.11 b | |
苯乙酮 Acetophenone | 39.67 | 0.33 ± 0.02 c | 0.68 ± 0.11 b | 1.24 ± 0.13 a | |
甲基庚烯酮 6-Methylhept-5-en-2-one | 26.31 | 9.94 ± 1.31 b | 10.96 ± 1.21 b | 26.41 ± 2.27 a | |
仲辛酮 2-Octanone | 23.94 | 1.59 ± 0.12 a | 0.95 ± 0.10 b | 1.44 ± 0.23 ab | |
3-辛酮 3-Octanone | 22.61 | 0.63 ± 0.02 a | 0.27 ± 0.03 b | — | |
合计Total | 22.95 ± 5.33 c | 42.40 ± 1.69 b | 70.04 ± 5.46 a | ||
烃类 Hydrocar- bons | (+)-柠檬烯 D-Limonene | 19.58 | — | — | 0.99 |
1-硝基戊烷 1-Nitro-pentane | 26.05 | 1.74 ± 0.17 c | 5.38 ± 0.78 b | 10.48 ± 0.85 a | |
顺-7-十四碳烯 (Z)-7-Tetradecene | 35.87 | — | — | 1.05 | |
类别 Category | 挥发性物质 Volatile compound | 保留时 间/min Retention time | ALA/(mg·L -1) | ||
0 (对照 Control) | 100 | 200 | |||
正二十六烷 Hexacosane | 48.43 | — | — | 2.17 | |
1-甲基-2-(1-甲基戊基)-环丙烷 1-Methyl-2- (1-methylpentyl)-cyclopropane | 37.91 | — | 0.41 | — | |
2-甲基-1-己烯 2-Methyl-1-hexene | 17.83 | 1.12 ± 0.04 a | 1.08 ± 0.12 b | — | |
3, 7-二甲基-1-辛烯 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octene | 35.92 | — | 0.30 | — | |
对二甲苯 p-Xylene | 19.01 | — | 0.38 | — | |
反-2-戊烯 (E)-2-Pentene | 25.21 | 0.41 ± 0.12 b | 0.68 ± 0.09 a | — | |
间二甲苯 m-Xylene | 19.18 | — | 0.11 | — | |
顺-2-癸烯 (Z)-2-Decene | 22.10 | — | 1.23 | — | |
正十三烷 Tridecane | 24.35 | — | 0.14 | — | |
合计Total | 3.27 ± 0.62 b | 9.71 ± 2.39 ab | 14.69 ± 1.15 a | ||
酚类 Phenols | 丁香酚 Eugenol | 44.72 | 3.73 ± 0.84 b | 3.99 ± 0.59 b | 11.30 ± 1.21 a |
香芹酚 Carvacrol | 46.95 | 0.45 ± 0.12 b | — | 1.21 ± 0.17 a | |
愈创木酚 2-Methoxy-phenol | 45.34 | 3.40 ± 0.30 b | 4.49 ± 0.78 ab | 7.19 ± 1.29 a | |
2, 4-二叔丁基苯酚 2,4-bis (1,1-Dimethylethyl)- phenol | 43.60 | — | 1.56 | — | |
间甲酚 Meta-Cresol | 48.77 | — | 1.60 | — | |
合计Total | 7.58 ± 1.25 b | 11.64 ± 0.61 b | 19.70 ± 1.90 a | ||
其他 Others | 2-戊基呋喃 2-Pentyl-furan | 21.27 | 1.96 ± 0.26 b | 4.65 ± 0.64 a | 6.11 ± 0.79 a |
2-异丁基噻唑 2-Isobutylthiazole | 29.51 | 2.82 ± 0.15 c | 6.47 ± 0.77 b | 12.58 ± 0.67 a | |
四氢吡喃-2-甲醇 Tetrahydropyran-2-methanol | 47.84 | 0.56 ± 0.12 c | 1.36 ± 0.15 b | 2.14 ± 0.17 a | |
2, 3-二氢-3-甲基苯并呋喃 3-Methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran | 46.43 | — | 2.71 | — | |
合计Total | 5.34 ± 0.85 c | 15.19 ± 0.98 b | 20.83 ± 2.93 a | ||
总含量/(µg·kg-1) Total content | 1 065.72 ± 45.35 c | 1 478.60 ± 66.23 b | 2 374.50 ± 59.96 a |
Table 1 Effects of exogenous ALA on the categories and contents of volatile compounds in tomato fruits
类别 Category | 挥发性物质 Volatile compound | 保留时 间/min Retention time | ALA/(mg·L -1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 (对照 Control) | 100 | 200 | |||
醇类 Alcohols | 反-2-己烯-1-醇 (E)-2-Hexen-1-ol | 29.40 | 11.99 ± 0.78 c | 17.11 ± 1.47 b | 23.31 ± 0.82 a |
顺-2-戊烯醇 (Z)-2-Penten-1-ol | 25.48 | 4.51 ± 0.52 b | 5.18 ± 0.69 b | 11.68 ± 1.29 a | |
顺-4-庚烯-1-醇 (Z)-4-Hepten-1-ol | 33.56 | 1.94 ± 0.32 b | 1.85 ± 0.18 b | 5.37 ± 0.32 a | |
正戊醇 1-Pentanol | 22.43 | 3.94 ± 0.36 b | 4.95 ± 0.64 b | 11.41 ± 0.78 a | |
(S)-(+)-3-甲基-戊醇 (S)-(+)-3-Methyl-1-pentanol | 25.91 | — | — | 3.44 | |
1-环丁烯-1-甲醇 Cyclobut-1-enylmethanol | 15.76 | — | — | 0.80 | |
1-壬醇 1-Nonanol | 39.40 | 1.64 ± 0.16 b | 1.90 ± 0.59 b | 3.90 ± 0.21 a | |
1-戊烯-3-醇 1-Penten-3-ol | 18.34 | 1.72 ± 0.16 b | 2.47 ± 0.59 b | 4.69 ± 0.21 a | |
1-辛烯-3-醇 1-Octen-3-ol | 31.21 | 1.19 ± 0.21 c | 2.34 ± 0.39 b | 4.63 ± 0.31 a | |
2-辛烯-1-醇 2-Octen-1-ol | 38.01 | 0.28 ± 0.04 b | — | 0.55 ± 0.03 a | |
2-乙基己醇 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol | 32.93 | 1.52 ± 0.22 b | 2.13 ± 0.19 ab | 3.24 ± 0.5 a | |
3-甲基-1-戊醇 3-Methyl-pentanol | 25.89 | 1.27 ± 0.12 b | 2.06 ± 0.35 ab | 2.60 ± 0.22 a | |
4, 8-二甲基-1-壬醇 4,8-Dimethyl-1-nonanol | 35.87 | — | — | 0.59 | |
苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol | 45.73 | 3.38 ± 0.89 ab | 2.41 ± 0.3 b | 6.12 ± 1.12 a | |
苯乙醇 Phenylethyl alcohol | 46.63 | 1.90 ± 0.22 c | 4.36 ± 0.35 b | 8.53 ± 0.51 a | |
反-2-辛烯-1-醇 trans-2-Octenol | 38.00 | 0.39 ± 0.08 b | 0.55 ± 0.12 b | 1.07 ± 0.03 a | |
反-4-己烯-1-醇 (E)-4-Hexen-1-ol | 29.61 | 0.48 ± 0.03 c | 1.93 ± 0.05 a | 1.49 ± 0.15 b | |
糠醇 2-Furanmethanol | 39.84 | — | — | 8.47 | |
顺-3-辛烯-1-醇 (Z)-3-Octen-1-ol | 38.14 | — | 1.37 ± 0.1 b | 3.93 ± 0.08 a | |
顺-4-己烯-1-醇 (Z)-4-Hexen-1-ol | 30.12 | — | 0.97 ± 0.07 a | 0.30 ± 0.02 b | |
顺-5-辛烯-1-醇 cis-5-Octen-1-ol | 38.15 | 1.61 ± 0.11 b | — | 3.15 ± 0.38 a | |
顺-3-己烯-1-醇 (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol | 27.99 | 319.23 ± 19.53 b | 681.87 ± 50.75 a | 653.42 ± 22.04 a | |
乙醇 Ethyl acetate | 9.44 | 245.21 ± 11.94 a | 164.74 ± 13.46 b | 248.83 ± 13.03 a | |
异戊醇 3-Methyl-1-butanol | 20.50 | 24.69 ± 0.78 b | 14.99 ± 1.25 c | 39.67 ± 2.39 a | |
正丁醇 1-Butanol | 18.02 | — | — | 9.66 | |
正庚醇 1-Heptanol | 31.49 | 2.91 ± 0.18 b | 3.04 ± 0.27 b | 7.29 ± 0.63 a | |
类别 Category | 挥发性物质 Volatile compound | 保留时 间/min Retention time | ALA/(mg·L -1) | ||
0 (对照 Control) | 100 | 200 | |||
正己醇 1-Hexanol | 27.06 | 110.00 ± 7.36 b | 146.90 ± 11.77 b | 285.63 ± 22.69 a | |
正辛醇 1-Octanol | 35.77 | 3.62 ± 0.28 b | 3.37 ± 0.53 b | 7.98 ± 0.70 a | |
(S)-(+)-6-甲基-1-辛 (S)-(+)-6-Methyl-1-octanol | 36.09 | — | 0.24 | — | |
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-醇 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-ol | 31.73 | — | 0.17 | — | |
6-甲基庚醇 6-Methyl-1-heptanol | 35.88 | 0.41 ± 0.03 a | 0.21 ± 0.01 b | — | |
反-1, 2-环戊二醇 Trans-1,2-Cyclopentanediol | 15.73 | — | 0.29 | — | |
顺-2-已烯-1-醇 (Z)-2-Hexen-1-ol | 29.78 | 0.31 ± 0.03 b | 0.41 ± 0.02 a | — | |
顺-3-壬烯-1-醇 cis-3-Nonen-1-ol | 29.16 | — | 0.18 | — | |
芳樟醇 Linalool | 35.28 | 0.99 | — | — | |
合计Total | 745.13 ± 57.81 b | 1 067.95 ± 101.97 b | 1 361.72 ± 118.34 a | ||
醛类 Aldehydes | 2-丁烯醛 (E)-2-Butenal | 13.34 | — | — | 0.14 |
2-己烯醛 2-Hexenal | 20.89 | 52.62 ± 1.78 b | — | 270.57 ± 7.61 a | |
反-2-已烯醛 (E)-2-Hexenal | 20.75 | 85.66 ± 1.97 c | 153.04 ± 8.14 b | 245.67 ± 10.96 a | |
3-己烯醛 3-Hexenal | 17.16 | 6.69 ± 1.12 b | 10.19 ± 1.34 b | 17.03 ± 1.56 a | |
苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde | 34.47 | 4.55 ± 0.58 b | 5.69 ± 0.78 b | 15.47 ± 2.03 a | |
反,反-2, 4-庚二烯醛 (E,E)-2, 4-Heptadienal | 32.56 | 1.18 ± 0.17 b | 1.84 ± 0.23 b | 3.36 ± 0.20 a | |
反,反-2, 4-己二烯醛 (E,E)-2, 4-Hexadienal | 29.19 | 2.24 ± 0.18 b | 7.70 ± 1.54 a | 8.87 ± 1.38 a | |
反-2-庚烯醛 (E)-2-Heptenal | 25.73 | — | 6.96 ± 0.74 b | 10.70 ± 0.57 a | |
反-2-甲基-2-丁烯醛 Tiglic aldehyde | 15.27 | 8.77 ± 0.76 b | 3.07 ± 0.49 c | 21.23 ± 1.31 a | |
反-2-壬醛 (E)-2-Nonenal | 34.96 | 0.19 ± 0.03 a | 0.15 ± 0.01 a | 0.16 ± 0.02 a | |
反-2-戊烯醛 (E)-2-Pentenal | 16.79 | 9.82 ± 0.91 b | 6.61 ± 0.76 b | 17.10 ± 1.87 a | |
反-3, 7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯醛 Geranial | 42.27 | 0.72 ± 0.05 c | 1.47 ± 0.09 b | 2.77 ± 0.16 a | |
反-4-癸醛 (E)-4-Decenal | 35.05 | 0.76 ± 0.13 b | 0.22 ± 0.01 c | 1.12 ± 0.03 a | |
反-4-氧合己醛 (E)-4-Oxohex-2-enal | 37.26 | 0.65 ± 0.05 b | 1.07 ± 0.16 ab | 1.54 ± 0.31 a | |
壬醛 Nonanal | 28.80 | 9.15 ± 0.81 c | 13.15 ± 0.89 b | 18.39 ± 1.50 a | |
顺-2-庚烯醛 (Z)-2-Heptenal | 25.76 | 2.92 ± 0.63 b | 1.66 ± 0.11 b | 6.00 ± 0.75 a | |
顺-4-癸烯醛 (Z)-4-Decenal | 35.03 | — | 0.71 ± 0.12 b | 2.65 ± 0.36 a | |
正己醛 Hexanal | 14.64 | 46.68 ± 2.10 b | 53.97 ± 4.54 b | 124.92 ± 3.76 a | |
正辛醛 Octanal | 24.06 | 2.44 ± 0.53 b | 3.45 ± 0.70 b | 6.97 ± 0.73 a | |
2-甲基-4-戊醛 2-methyl-4-Pentenal | 17.82 | — | 4.50 | — | |
反,反-2, 4-癸二烯醛 (E,E)-2, 4-Decadienal | 43.10 | — | 0.34 | — | |
癸醛 Decanal | 33.33 | — | 2.06 | — | |
顺-2-壬醛 (Z)-2-Nonenal | 34.93 | — | 0.19 | — | |
顺-3-己烯醛 cis-3-Hexenal | 17.73 | — | 0.19 | — | |
顺-4-庚烯醛 (Z)-4-Heptenal | 21.90 | 0.21 | — | — | |
合计Total | 235.25 ± 16.84 b | 278.23 ± 22.63 b | 774.66 ± 97.60 a | ||
酯类 Esters | N-苯基香豆甲酯 Methyl N-phenylcarbamate | 42.72 | — | 42.51 ± 1.73 b | 59.76 ± 3.85 a |
乙酸己酯 Hexyl acetate | 23.26 | 1.13 ± 0.05 b | 0.48 ± 0.05 c | 2.19 ± 0.18 a | |
乙酸叶醇酯 (3Z)-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate | 25.34 | 4.20 ± 0.53 b | 2.89 ± 0.43 b | 10.98 ± 0.71 a | |
乙酸乙酯 Ethyl acetate | 8.10 | 38.36 ± 2.95 a | 5.01 ± 0.67 b | 39.89 ± 3.32 a | |
水杨酸甲酯 Methyl salicylate | 43.49 | — | 2.59 | — | |
乙酸异戊酯 3-Methyl-1-butyl acetate | 16.37 | 2.53 | — | — | |
合计Total | 46.22 ± 6.73 b | 53.48 ± 0.98 c | 112.82 ± 8.29 a | ||
酮类 Ketones | 1-戊烯-3-酮 Penten-3-one | 12.26 | 6.72 ± 0.97 b | 16.31 ± 0.80 a | 16.42 ± 1.06 a |
1-辛烯-3-酮 1-Octen-3-one | 24.64 | — | 1.42 ± 0.11 b | 1.75 ± 0.04 a | |
2-羟基苯乙酮 2-Hydroxyacetophenone | 44.10 | 2.93 ± 0.36 b | 1.98 ± 0.26 b | 8.12 ± 0.81 a | |
香叶基丙酮 Geranylacetone | 45.18 | — | 6.10 ± 0.74 b | 12.13 ± 0.76 a | |
β-紫罗兰酮 β-Ionone | 47.46 | 0.81 ± 0.07 c | 3.73 ± 0.58 a | 2.53 ± 0.11 b | |
苯乙酮 Acetophenone | 39.67 | 0.33 ± 0.02 c | 0.68 ± 0.11 b | 1.24 ± 0.13 a | |
甲基庚烯酮 6-Methylhept-5-en-2-one | 26.31 | 9.94 ± 1.31 b | 10.96 ± 1.21 b | 26.41 ± 2.27 a | |
仲辛酮 2-Octanone | 23.94 | 1.59 ± 0.12 a | 0.95 ± 0.10 b | 1.44 ± 0.23 ab | |
3-辛酮 3-Octanone | 22.61 | 0.63 ± 0.02 a | 0.27 ± 0.03 b | — | |
合计Total | 22.95 ± 5.33 c | 42.40 ± 1.69 b | 70.04 ± 5.46 a | ||
烃类 Hydrocar- bons | (+)-柠檬烯 D-Limonene | 19.58 | — | — | 0.99 |
1-硝基戊烷 1-Nitro-pentane | 26.05 | 1.74 ± 0.17 c | 5.38 ± 0.78 b | 10.48 ± 0.85 a | |
顺-7-十四碳烯 (Z)-7-Tetradecene | 35.87 | — | — | 1.05 | |
类别 Category | 挥发性物质 Volatile compound | 保留时 间/min Retention time | ALA/(mg·L -1) | ||
0 (对照 Control) | 100 | 200 | |||
正二十六烷 Hexacosane | 48.43 | — | — | 2.17 | |
1-甲基-2-(1-甲基戊基)-环丙烷 1-Methyl-2- (1-methylpentyl)-cyclopropane | 37.91 | — | 0.41 | — | |
2-甲基-1-己烯 2-Methyl-1-hexene | 17.83 | 1.12 ± 0.04 a | 1.08 ± 0.12 b | — | |
3, 7-二甲基-1-辛烯 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octene | 35.92 | — | 0.30 | — | |
对二甲苯 p-Xylene | 19.01 | — | 0.38 | — | |
反-2-戊烯 (E)-2-Pentene | 25.21 | 0.41 ± 0.12 b | 0.68 ± 0.09 a | — | |
间二甲苯 m-Xylene | 19.18 | — | 0.11 | — | |
顺-2-癸烯 (Z)-2-Decene | 22.10 | — | 1.23 | — | |
正十三烷 Tridecane | 24.35 | — | 0.14 | — | |
合计Total | 3.27 ± 0.62 b | 9.71 ± 2.39 ab | 14.69 ± 1.15 a | ||
酚类 Phenols | 丁香酚 Eugenol | 44.72 | 3.73 ± 0.84 b | 3.99 ± 0.59 b | 11.30 ± 1.21 a |
香芹酚 Carvacrol | 46.95 | 0.45 ± 0.12 b | — | 1.21 ± 0.17 a | |
愈创木酚 2-Methoxy-phenol | 45.34 | 3.40 ± 0.30 b | 4.49 ± 0.78 ab | 7.19 ± 1.29 a | |
2, 4-二叔丁基苯酚 2,4-bis (1,1-Dimethylethyl)- phenol | 43.60 | — | 1.56 | — | |
间甲酚 Meta-Cresol | 48.77 | — | 1.60 | — | |
合计Total | 7.58 ± 1.25 b | 11.64 ± 0.61 b | 19.70 ± 1.90 a | ||
其他 Others | 2-戊基呋喃 2-Pentyl-furan | 21.27 | 1.96 ± 0.26 b | 4.65 ± 0.64 a | 6.11 ± 0.79 a |
2-异丁基噻唑 2-Isobutylthiazole | 29.51 | 2.82 ± 0.15 c | 6.47 ± 0.77 b | 12.58 ± 0.67 a | |
四氢吡喃-2-甲醇 Tetrahydropyran-2-methanol | 47.84 | 0.56 ± 0.12 c | 1.36 ± 0.15 b | 2.14 ± 0.17 a | |
2, 3-二氢-3-甲基苯并呋喃 3-Methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran | 46.43 | — | 2.71 | — | |
合计Total | 5.34 ± 0.85 c | 15.19 ± 0.98 b | 20.83 ± 2.93 a | ||
总含量/(µg·kg-1) Total content | 1 065.72 ± 45.35 c | 1 478.60 ± 66.23 b | 2 374.50 ± 59.96 a |
特征挥发性物质 Characteristic volatile compounds | 风味描述 Flavor description | ALA/(mg·L -1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
0(对照 Control) | 100 | 200 | ||
顺-3-己烯醛 cis-3-Hexenal | 青草味,生青味( Grassy,green | — | 0.19 | — |
正己醛 Hexanal | 青草味,生青味( Grassy,green | 46.68 ± 2.1 b | 53.97 ± 4.54 b | 124.92 ± 3.76 a |
反-2-已烯醛 (E)-2-Hexenal | 青草味,生青味( Grassy,green | 85.66 ± 1.97 c | 153.05 ± 8.14 b | 245.67 ± 10.96 a |
反-2-庚烯醛 (E)-2-Heptenal | 青草味( Grassy | — | 6.96 ± 0.74 b | 10.70 ± 0.57 a |
β-紫罗兰酮 β-Ionone | 果香味,芳香味( Fruity,aromatic | 0.81 ± 0.07 c | 3.73 ± 0.58 a | 2.53 ± 0.11 b |
1-戊烯-3-酮 Penten-3-one | 果香味( Fruity | 6.73 ± 0.97 b | 16.31 ± 0.8 a | 16.42 ± 1.06 a |
顺-3-己烯-1-醇 (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol | 青草味,生青味( Grassy,green | 319.24 ± 19.53 b | 681.87 ± 50.75 a | 653.41 ± 22.04 a |
苯乙醇Phenylethyl alcohol | 花香味( | 1.90 ± 0.22 c | 4.36 ± 0.35 b | 8.53 ± 0.51 a |
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | 薄荷味( | — | 2.59 | — |
2-异丁基噻唑 2-Isobutylthiazole | 果香味,生青味( Fruity,green | 2.82 ± 0.15 c | 6.47 ± 0.77 b | 12.58 ± 0.67 a |
总含量Total content/(µg·kg-1) | 463.83 ± 17.63 c | 927.62 ± 55.56 b | 1 074.78 ± 17.44 a |
Table 2 Effects of exogenous ALA on characteristic volatile compounds content in tomato fruit
特征挥发性物质 Characteristic volatile compounds | 风味描述 Flavor description | ALA/(mg·L -1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
0(对照 Control) | 100 | 200 | ||
顺-3-己烯醛 cis-3-Hexenal | 青草味,生青味( Grassy,green | — | 0.19 | — |
正己醛 Hexanal | 青草味,生青味( Grassy,green | 46.68 ± 2.1 b | 53.97 ± 4.54 b | 124.92 ± 3.76 a |
反-2-已烯醛 (E)-2-Hexenal | 青草味,生青味( Grassy,green | 85.66 ± 1.97 c | 153.05 ± 8.14 b | 245.67 ± 10.96 a |
反-2-庚烯醛 (E)-2-Heptenal | 青草味( Grassy | — | 6.96 ± 0.74 b | 10.70 ± 0.57 a |
β-紫罗兰酮 β-Ionone | 果香味,芳香味( Fruity,aromatic | 0.81 ± 0.07 c | 3.73 ± 0.58 a | 2.53 ± 0.11 b |
1-戊烯-3-酮 Penten-3-one | 果香味( Fruity | 6.73 ± 0.97 b | 16.31 ± 0.8 a | 16.42 ± 1.06 a |
顺-3-己烯-1-醇 (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol | 青草味,生青味( Grassy,green | 319.24 ± 19.53 b | 681.87 ± 50.75 a | 653.41 ± 22.04 a |
苯乙醇Phenylethyl alcohol | 花香味( | 1.90 ± 0.22 c | 4.36 ± 0.35 b | 8.53 ± 0.51 a |
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | 薄荷味( | — | 2.59 | — |
2-异丁基噻唑 2-Isobutylthiazole | 果香味,生青味( Fruity,green | 2.82 ± 0.15 c | 6.47 ± 0.77 b | 12.58 ± 0.67 a |
总含量Total content/(µg·kg-1) | 463.83 ± 17.63 c | 927.62 ± 55.56 b | 1 074.78 ± 17.44 a |
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