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园艺学报 ›› 2008, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 591-594.

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮磷钾硼肥配施对青花菜养分吸收分配及产量和品质的影响

张朝轩1;谢祝捷1*;陈澍棠1;吴 震2   

  1. (1上海市农业科学院园艺研究所,上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201106;2南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095)
  • 收稿日期:2007-01-07 修回日期:2008-02-27 出版日期:2008-04-25 发布日期:2008-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 谢祝捷

Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium and Boron on Nutrient Absorption, Distribution, Yield and Quality of Broccoli

ZHANG Chao-xuan1, XIE Zhu-jie1*, CHEN Shu-tang1, and WU Zhen2   

  1. (1 Horticultural Research Institute, Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology of Shanghai, Shanghai 201106,China; 2College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095,China)
  • Received:2007-01-07 Revised:2008-02-27 Online:2008-04-25 Published:2008-04-25
  • Contact: XIE Zhu-jie

摘要: 研究了不施肥处理,氮磷钾配施和增施硼肥对青花菜养分吸收分配及产量和品质的影响。结果表明,现蕾期至花球膨大期,青花菜对氮、磷、钾的吸收量最大,整个生长期对钾的吸收最多,氮次之,磷最少。氮磷钾主要分配在叶片中,现蕾后逐渐向花球转移,从现蕾到采收时,叶片中氮、磷、钾分配率分别降低了19.6%、10%和9.0%,花球中氮磷钾分配率分别提高了23.1%、15.9%和11.1%。不施氮、磷、钾肥显著降低了花球产量、维生素C含量和成品率,增施硼肥处理的花球成品率较氮磷钾肥处理提高了4.8%,不施氮肥和钾硫肥(K2SO4)显著降低了花球中的硫代葡萄糖苷含量。相关性分析表明,青花菜产量与植株内氮、钾积累量显著正相关,成品率与植株内磷营养显著正相关。

关键词: 青花菜, 施肥, 养分吸收分配, 产量, 品质

Abstract: Field experiment was conducted to study the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium deficiency and boron on N、P、K nutrition absorption and distribution, yield, quality and of broccoli. The results showed that the plant accumulate more mineral nutrition during initial period of bud to curd intumescences period. In the whole growth stage, broccoli absorbed K highest, and then N, P was least. N, P, K was distributed in leaves mostly, and then turn to curd. The content of NPK decreased 19.6%, 10% and 9.0% in leaves from bud period to harvest and the content of NPK in curd increased to 23.1%, 15.9% and 11.1% respectively in harvest period. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium deficiency decreased yield, vitamin C and finished product rate significantly. The treatment of adding boron increased finished product rate 4.8% than NKP treatment. The treatment of deficiency of nitrogen and sulfur decreased the glucosinolates significantly. Correlation analysis revealed that the yield was significant correlate with N, K accumulation in plant and finished product rate was significant correlate with the P in plant.

Key words: broccoli, fertilization, nutrient absorption and distribution, yield, quality

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