剥鳞和化学药剂处理对甜樱桃花芽休眠及酚类物质的影响

园艺学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 817-820.

剥鳞和化学药剂处理对甜樱桃花芽休眠及酚类物质的影响

魏海蓉^{1, 2};高东升^1*;李宪利¹

(¹ 山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院, 山东泰安271018; ² 山东省果树研究所, 山东泰安271000)

收稿日期:2005-08-30 修回日期:2005-10-20 出版日期:2006-08-25 发布日期:2006-08-25

The Effects of Bud-scale Removing and Chemical Treatments on Dormancy-release and Phenolics of Sweet Cherry Flower Buds

Wei Hairong^{1, 2};Gao Dongsheng^1*;Li Xianli¹

(¹ Institute of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China;² Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, China)

Received:2005-08-30 Revised:2005-10-20 Online:2006-08-25 Published:2006-08-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以7年生甜樱桃‘红灯’和‘早红宝石’为试材, 分析了自然休眠期间剥鳞和化学药剂处理对酚类物质含量及对休眠解除的影响。结果发现, 休眠花芽中的酚类物质主要分布于鳞片中, 剥鳞后, 花芽中酚类物质含量锐减。自然休眠的不同时期剥鳞对打破休眠的效果不同, 前期效果较为明显, 中期处于休眠的最深时期, 剥鳞不能打破休眠, 后期剥鳞也能打破休眠促进萌发。不同化学药剂在休眠的不同时期对酚类物质含量的影响不同: 自然休眠前期, KNO₃和硫脲减缓了酚类物质的积累速度, 相反H₂O₂ 加速了酚类物质的积累; 中期上述3种化学药剂对酚类物质含量的影响与早期相似; 后期KNO₃处理降低了酚类物质含量, 硫脲使酚类物质含量略有增加, 而H₂O₂ 使之显著增加。在打破休眠方面, KNO₃可提前2～3 d打破休眠, 硫脲没有明显效果, H₂O₂ 反而抑制休眠的解除。

关键词: 甜樱桃, 化学药剂, 花芽, 酚类物质, 自然休眠

Abstract: Experiment was conducted with 72year-old sweet cherry (Prunus avium L. ) ‘Hongdeng’and ‘Zaohongbaoshi’ trees, the effect of bud-scale removing and chemical treatments on phenolics content and germination rate were analyzed and studied. Results showed that phenolics in dormant flower buds were distributed primarily in scales, phenolics content in scaleswas far higher than that in de-scaled buds and whole buds. The content of phenolics in flower buds fall down sharply after shelling scales. The effects of bud-scale removing
were differerent during differerent stage of endodormancy: the effect of bud-scale removing in the early stage of endodormancy was better; In the middle stage of endodormancy, because of the deepest time of endodormancy,
bud-scale removing could not break the endodormancy; In the last stage of endodormancy, bud-scale removing could also break endodormancy. The effects of different chemical treatments on the content of phenolics at different stage of endodormancywere different: KNO₃ and sulfourea treatment slowed the speed of phenolics accumulation speed, while H₂O₂ treatment accelerated the accumulation of phenolics content in the primary stage of endodormancy. In the middle stage of endodormancy, the effects of these three chemical treatments on phenolics contentwere similar to those in the early stage of endodormancy. In the last stage of endodormancy, KNO₃ treatment reduced phenolics content while sulfourea treatmentmade it increased slightly, H₂O₂ treatment remarkably increased phenolics content. In the aspect of breaking endodormancy, KNO₃ treatment was 2 - 3 days earlier than the control, there were no remarkable changes on breaking endodormancy after sulfourea reatment, while H₂O₂ treatment remarkably inhibited the breaking of endodormancy.

Key words: Sweet cherry, Chemical treatment, Flower bud, Phenolic, Endodormancy

魏海蓉;;高东升;李宪利. 剥鳞和化学药剂处理对甜樱桃花芽休眠及酚类物质的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2006, 33(4): 817-820.

Wei Hairong;;Gao Dongsheng;Li Xianli. The Effects of Bud-scale Removing and Chemical Treatments on Dormancy-release and Phenolics of Sweet Cherry Flower Buds[J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2006, 33(4): 817-820.

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