关键词: 苹果, 矮化自根砧, 并棒树形, 树体生长, 品质, 产量

Abstract: In this study，‘Fujiko’（a long shoot-type Fuji series cultivar）young apple trees on M9-T337 dwarf rootstocks were selected as the test material，growth，shoot constitution proportion， flowering ratio，fruit quality and yield were investigated between Bibaum?（1.2 m × 3.5 m）and tall spindle （1.0 m × 3.5 m）tree shapes，in order to explore the performance on tree growth and bearing of Fuji apple with bi-axis Bibaum tree shape in Chinese Weibei Loess Plateau. The results showed that plant height，trunk diameter and east-west crown diameter（between rows）of Bibaum tree in 2016 were significantly smaller than tall spindle，and the rootstock diameter was greater than tall spindle tree. Number of shoots per plant and per hectare were higher in tall spindle trees in 2016，while no significant difference was observed in 2017. The increase rates of height，trunk diameter，rootstock diameter and shoot number per hectare were higher in Bibaum trees from 2016 to 2017. Moreover，proportions of medium shoots（5–15 cm）and bourse long shoots in 2016 were higher in Bibaum trees，while it was lower for the proportion of vegetative long shoots（> 30 cm）in Bibaum in 2017. Simultaneously，the flowering ratio of Bibaum trees was significantly higher in 2018. No significant difference was observed in fruit quality and yield per hectare between two tree shapes，nevertheless the fruit number，yield per tree in 2017，and the increase of yield for Bibaum from 2016 to 2017 were higher than that of tall spindle trees. In conclusion，Fuji series apple trees on dwarf rootstocks with Bibaum tree shape can significantly reduce tree height，meanwhile Bibaum showed flatter tree shape，rapid tree growth，increase in number of shoots，easier to produce flowers，less proportion of vegetative long shoots，and higher potential in increasing yield.

Key words: apple, dwarf rootstock, Bibaum, tree growth, quality, yield