关键词: 中国樱桃, 全基因组, InDel标记, 蔷薇科果树, 通用性

Abstract: The De novo whole-genome sequencing data of cultivated and wild Chinese cherry [Cerasus pseudocerasus（Lindl.）G. Don]were applied to identify 50 617 InDel markers，and 200 markers with uniform distribution across the genome were selected to be evaluated. Twenty-seven polymorphic markers were identified，which accounted for 13.5% of screened markers. Among 192（168 cultivated and 24 wild）Chinese cherry accessions，a total of 60 allelic loci were detected using the 27 polymorphic markers，which meant that per marker corresponded to 2.2 allelic loci on average，with an average gene diversity（Hs）of 0.239（ranging from 0.010 to 0.500）and mean polymorphic information content（PIC）of 0.198（ranging from 0.010 to 0.375），indicating a relatively low genetic diversity. Population structure analysis and geographical location revealed five groups within Chinese cherry，which consisted of cultivated Chinese cherry in East and North China Plain，Qinling Mountains，Sichuan Basin，and Yun-Gui Plateau，and wild ones. Thirty-four of 200 InDel markers showed moderate transferability rate among 156 individuals from eight genera including Cerasus，Prunus，Amygdalus，Armeniaca，Pyrus，Malus，Fragaria，and Rubus of the subfamilies Prunoideae，Maloideae，and Rosoideae in the family Rosaceae with important economic values. The polymorphism of InDel markers were higher with the increasing relationships between species and Chinese cherry.

Key words: Cerasus pseudocerasus, whole-genome, Insertion-Deletion（InDel）marker, Rosaceae fruit trees, transferability