冷凉气候区‘寒富’苹果及其亲本光合特性的研究

园艺学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 945-952.

冷凉气候区‘寒富’苹果及其亲本光合特性的研究

赵德英¹;吕德国^1,2*;刘国成^1,2;秦嗣军^1,2;马怀宇^1,2;成文博¹

(¹沈阳农业大学园艺学院，沈阳 110161； ²北方果树育种与生理生态研究所，沈阳110161)

收稿日期:2008-12-10 修回日期:2009-02-26 出版日期:2009-07-25 发布日期:2009-07-25
通讯作者: 吕德国

Studies on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of ‘Hanfu’ Apple in Cool Climate Regions

Zhao De-ying¹,Lü De-guo^1,2*,Liu Guo-cheng^1,2 ,Qin Si-jun^1,2, Ma Huai-yu^1,2_,and Cheng Wen-bo¹

(¹Horticulture College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110161; ²Research Laboratory for Breeding and Physiology-Ecology of Northern Fruit Tree, Shenyang 110161, China)

Received:2008-12-10 Revised:2009-02-26 Online:2009-07-25 Published:2009-07-25
Contact: Lü De-guo

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以‘寒富’苹果及其亲本‘东光’和‘富士’为试材，应用CIRAS-1型便携式光合系统，研究了天气、季节和叶位对其光合特性的影响。结果表明：‘寒富’苹果及其亲本叶片净光合速率（P_n）的日变化晴天呈典型的双峰曲线，最高峰均出现在10:00左右（13.47μmol·m^-2·s^-1，12.46 μmol·m^-2·s^-1和11.21 μmol·m^-2·s^-1），次高峰出现在14:00左右（11.92 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，9.84 μmol·m^-2·s^-1和10.94 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，中午有明显的“午休”现象，阴天P_n日变化为单峰曲线，峰值出现在12:00左右（11.0 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，10.2 μmol·m^-2·s^-1和10.3 μmol·m^-2·s^-1），日平均P_n分别比晴天低2.28 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，2.73 μmol·m^-2·s^-1和2.86 μmol·m^-2·s^-1；P_n的季节变化呈不对称双峰曲线，主峰出现在7月上旬，次峰出现在9月上旬；新梢不同节位叶片的Pn呈抛物线型变化，枝条中上部的叶片P_n较大。‘寒富’苹果及其亲本的光补偿点（LCP）分别为5.9±1.8 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，21.1±1.4 μmol·m^-2·s^-1和9.05±2.1μmol·m^-2·s^-1；饱和光强（SL）分别为1 665±20 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，1 418±131 μmol·m^-2·s^-1和1300±56.6 μmol·m^-2·s^-1；CO₂补偿点（CCP）分别为87.5±1.4 μmol·mol^-1，84.2±5.9 μmol·mol^-1和59.5±7.5 μmol·mol^-1；饱和CO₂（SC）分别为2 961±41 μmol·mol^-1，1 572±166 μmol·mol^-1和1 381±23 μmol·mol^-1。‘寒富’苹果利用强光和弱光的能力均强于其亲本，表现出喜光耐荫的特性。

关键词: 苹果, 冷凉气候区, 品种, 光合特性

Abstract: With 'Hanfu' apple and its parents 'Dongguang' and 'Fuji' apples as the materials, the effects of weather conditions, seasonal factors and leaf position on the photosynthetic characteristics were studied by using CIRAS-1 Portable Photosynthesis System. The results showed that diurnal change of net photosynthetic rate (P_n) of leaves in 'Hanfu' apple and its parents was a typical bimodal curver in a sunny day, with two peaks (13.47μmol·m^-2·s^-1，12.46 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，11.21 μmol·m^-2·s^-1and 11.92 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, 10.94μmol·m^-2·s^-1, 9.84 μmol·m^-2·s^-1respectively) appeared at 10:00 and 14:00, respectively. And obvious "noon rest" phenomenon of Pn happened in daytime. As far as that was in a cloudy day, the curve changed into unimodal, with the peak (11.0 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, 10.2 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and 10.3 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) appeared at around 12:00, and the diurnal mean Pn was 2.28 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, 2.86 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and 2.86 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 below a sunny day. The seasonal variation of P_n of leaves in 'Hanfu' apple and its parents was found as an unsymmetrical double-peak curve, with two peaks appeared in the early July and September, respectively. The variation of P_nin leaves at differrent nodes on new shoots was a parabola type curve, and those at the upper and middle nodes were higher than that of lower nodes. The light compensation point (LCP) of leaves in 'Hanfu' apple and its parents were 5.9±1.8 μmolm^-2·s^-1, 21.1±1.4 μmol·m^-2·s^-1and 9.05±2.1 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, and the saturation point (LSP) were 1665±20 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, 1418±131 μmol·m^-2·s^-1and 1300±56.6 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, respectively. The the CO2 compensation point(CCP) were 87.5±1.4 μmol·mol^-1, 84.2±5.9 μmol·mol^-1and 59.5±7.5 μmol·mol^-1 , and the saturation point(SC) were 2961±41 μmol·mol^-1, 1572±166 μmol·mol^-1 and 1381±23 μmol·mol^-1 respectively. The photosynthetic capacity of 'Hanfu' apple was stronger than that of its parents in both high and low light conditions to indicate that 'Hanfu' apple was a photophil and shade-tolerant plants.

Key words: apple, cool climate regions, cultivar, photosynthetic characteristics

中图分类号:

赵德英;吕德国;刘国成;秦嗣军;马怀宇;成文博. 冷凉气候区‘寒富’苹果及其亲本光合特性的研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2009, 36(7): 945-952.

Zhao De-ying;Lü De-guo;Liu Guo-cheng;;Qin Si-jun;Ma Huai-yu;_;and Cheng Wen-bo. Studies on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of ‘Hanfu’ Apple in Cool Climate Regions[J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2009, 36(7): 945-952.

[1]	王瑞, 洪文娟, 罗华, 赵丽娜, 陈颖, 王君, . 石榴品种SSR指纹图谱构建及杂种父本鉴定[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(2): 265-278.
[2]	任海龙, 许东林, 张晶, 邹集文, 李光光, 周贤玉, 肖婉钰, 孙艺嘉. 菜薹KASP-SNP指纹图谱构建及品种鉴定[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(2): 307-318.
[3]	于婷婷, 李欢, 宁源生, 宋建飞, 彭璐琳, 贾竣淇, 张玮玮, 杨洪强. 苹果GRAS全基因组鉴定及其对生长素的响应分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(2): 397-409.
[4]	孟秋峰, 汪炳良, 王毓洪, 黄芸萍, 王洁. 茎瘤芥新品种‘甬榨805’[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(2): 451-452.
[5]	于海龙, 张美彦, 李巧珍, 章炉军, 尚晓冬, 谭琦, 周峰, 李玉. 猪肚菇新品种‘申蕈1号’[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(2): 453-454.
[6]	王喜庆, 贾云鹤, 闫闻, 付永凯, 尤海波, 李冬艳, 赵景超. 高抗枯萎病西瓜新品种‘龙盛佳力’[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(2): 455-456.
[7]	朱炜, 曹津津, 陈曦, 张葳, 孙榕泽, 朱绍才, 赵家庚, 崔雅琦, 王宇暄, 于晓南. 芍药新品种‘粉罗裙’‘千重粉黛’‘笑春风’和‘碧叶粉荷’[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(2): 457-458.
[8]	邢柱东, 吕福堂, 郭尚敬, 张演义. 新品种‘聊大红金’桃[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(1): 225-226.
[9]	李植良, 黎振兴, 李涛, 孙保娟, 李颖, 徐小万, 王恒明, 衡周, 宫超. 茄子新品种‘新丰3号’[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(1): 227-228.
[10]	蔡鹏, 房超, 李跃建, 刘独臣, 刘小俊, 梁根云. 茄子新品种‘天骄’[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(1): 229-230.
[11]	张红梅, 崔佳维, 余纪柱, 丁小涛, 何立中, 金海军. 苦瓜新品种‘青脆1号’[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(1): 231-232.
[12]	许申平, 袁秀云, 张燕, 何培, 崔波. 铁皮石斛新品种‘豫斛4号’[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(1): 233-234.
[13]	韩晓蕾, 张彩霞, 刘锴, 杨安, 严家帝, 李武兴, 康立群, 丛佩华. 中熟苹果新品种‘中苹优蕾’[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(S2): 1-2.
[14]	宋健坤, 杨英杰, 李鼎立, 马春晖, 王彩虹, 王然. 梨新品种‘鲁秀’[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(S2): 3-4.
[15]	董星光, 曹玉芬, 张莹, 田路明, 霍宏亮, 齐丹, 徐家玉, 刘超, 王立东. 抗寒脆肉梨新品种‘玉翠香’[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(S2): 5-6.