关键词: 马铃薯, 系谱, 细胞质分型, 亲本, 品种

Abstract:

Genetic relationships of potato ancestor parents worldwide were analyzed systematically，potato cultivars of‘Epoka’，‘Jubel’，‘Industrie’，‘Bintje’and‘Early Rose’were classified into parent generation 1（G1），while their derived lines，such as‘Irish Cobbler’，‘Triumph’，‘Schwalbe’，‘Anemone’，‘Mira’，‘Duozibai’，‘Katahdin’and‘Xiaoyezi’were into parent generation 2（G2）. Totally 436 potato cultivars had been authorized in China by 2012. In total 423 parents were involved in the breeding progress of 379 cultivars. They were divided into 8 groups including cultivars inland，breeding lines inland，indigenous breeds，Neo-tuberosum，materials introduced from North America，Europe，CIP and others. Their corresponding nuclear and cytoplasmic germplasm genetic contribution were 97.5，107，10.5，16，27.5，71，33 and 16.5，respectively. The results indicate that the cultivars and lines inland always play the major role in China potato breeding program. Indigenous breeds were mainly used as female parents while Neo-tuberosum & materials introduced from Europe，North America etc were frequently used as male parents. Using the multiplex marker system that developed by Hosaka，the cytoplasm of 278 cultivars inland，330 foreign cultivars and lines tested were grouped into T，D，P，A，M and W type，with the respective quantity and ratio being 303（49.8%），243（40%），2（0.3%），15（2.5%），6（1%）and 39（6.4%）. No additional new types were detected. Cytoplasm types of several cultivars bred did not correspond with their umbilical ancestor（eg. Duke of York，Early Rose and Epoka），pedigree information of these potato accessions may be wrong.

Key words: potato, pedigree, cytoplasm genotyping, parent, cultivar