关键词: 葡萄, 氮代谢基因, 氮肥, 叶面喷施, 基因表达

Abstract:

In order to study the influence of different types of N fertilizers on grapevine，grapevine cv. ‘Black Summer’（Vitis labruscana）trees were used as experiment materials and fertilizers foliar application trails were conducted in the flowering and veraison stages. The expression of five grapevine N metabolic genes，including VvGHD，VvNiR，VvNR，VvGS and VvAS were analyzed，some physiological traits including the flower and fruit dropping rate，leaves and shoots growth rate，chlorophyll content and the fruit size of grape were also investigated. The results showed that in general，the expression levels of the five N metabolic genes were increased after foliar applied different types of N fertilizers in the two periods. N metabolic genes showed similar expression patterns towards the same type of fertilizer in the two periods，but when foliar applied different types of N fertilizers，their expression patterns changed. Moreover，the N fertilizer which has stronger and longer influence on the N metabolic genes can enhance the physiology traits more dramatically. Given the gene expression levels and the changes of physiology traits，we can conclude that urea and ammonium nitrate have the best effect on grapevine；Calcium nitrate can help to reduce the flower and berry dropping rate；Ammonium sulphate and sodium nitrate have relatively poor effects on grapevine.

Key words: grapevine, nitrogen metabolism genes, N fertilizer, foliar application, gene expression