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园艺学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 44-52.

• 果树 • 上一篇    下一篇

锥栗种仁发育期叶片与果实矿质元素含量变化

范晓明1,袁德义1,*,段经华2,唐 静1,杨斐翔1,张 琳1   

  1. 1 中南林业科技大学林学院,经济林培育与保护省部共建教育部重点实验室,长沙 410004;2 中国林业科学研究院经济林研究开发中心,北京100091
  • 出版日期:2014-01-25 发布日期:2014-01-25
  • 基金资助:

    国家‘十二五’科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD14B04)

Dynamic Changes of Main Mineral Elements Content in Developing Fruits and Leaves of Castanea henryi

FAN Xiao-ming1,YUAN De-yi1,*,DUAN Jing-hua2,TANG Jing1,YANG Fei-xiang1,and ZHANG Lin1   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry,
    Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;2Non-timber Forestry Research and
    Development Center,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Zhengzhou 450003,China
  • Online:2014-01-25 Published:2014-01-25

摘要: 以‘长芒仔’锥栗为试材,对其种仁发育期营养枝叶片、结果枝叶片及果实(种仁、刺苞、
果皮 + 种皮)中N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe、Zn、Cu 矿质元素含量及果实不同组织质量变化进行分
析。结果表明:坚果从幼胚发生期至成熟期为种仁发育的关键时期,坚果、种仁和淀粉干质量较前期都
有显著增长,分别增加了6.14 g(92.4%)、4.97 g(99.43%)及3.82 g(99.92%)。在种仁发育期,营养枝
及结果枝叶片中Cu 含量呈显著下降变化,P、Zn 含量波动上升;果实刺苞中Ca、Fe、Cu 含量显著下降,
Zn 含量上升后下降,其余元素变化甚微;果皮 + 种皮中N、P、K、Mg、Cu 含量前期变化甚微,后期
显著下降,Ca、Zn 含量先增加后降低;种仁中N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe、Zn、Cu 含量均呈降低变
化,种仁中各元素总量均呈显著上升趋势,在采收前1 周Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe、Cu 总量呈明显降低。种仁
内淀粉总量与结果枝叶片及营养枝叶片中Cu 含量,刺苞中Cu 含量,果皮 + 种皮中K、Mn 含量呈显著
负相关;与刺苞中Fe 含量,果皮 + 种皮中P、Mg、Cu 含量呈极显著负相关;而与种仁中的N、P、K、
Mg、Mn、Fe、Zn、Cu 总量极显著正相关。

关键词: 锥栗, 种仁发育期, 坚果, 淀粉, 矿质元素

Abstract: In order to realize scientific fertilization and achieve high and stable yield,we investigated
changes of main mineral elements(N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn,and Cu)in developing fruits i.e.
kernel,prickly burs,and pericarp & seed coat,and different type of leaves in‘Changmangzi’. In addition,
dynamic changes of the weight of different tissues of the fruit were also measured. Compared to the
embryo initiation stage,nut weight,kernel weight,and total starch weight in the kernel increased by 6.14
g(92.4%),4.97 g(99.43%),3.82 g(99.92%),respectively,at the stage of nut maturity. Cu contents
in the leaves of bearing branch and the leaves of foliage branch showed a significant decrease tendency,
while P and Zn showed an increase tendency. In the prickly burs,Ca,Fe,and Cu contents had a decrease tendency,while Zn increased at the early stage and then decreased,and other mineral elements did not
change significantly. In the pericarp & seed coat,N,P,K,Mg and Cu contents had a slight change at the
early stage an then decreased significantly;Ca and Zn increased at the early stage and then decreased. In
the kernel,N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn,and Cu contents had a decrease tendency,while their gross
had an increase tendency. The total starch in the kernel was significantly and negatively correlated with the
contents of Cu in the leaves of bearing branch,the leaves of foliage branch,and the prickly burs,and the
contents of K,Mn in the pericarp & seed coat,while significantly and positively correlated with the
contents of N,P,K,Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn,and Cu in the kernel.

Key words: chinkapin, kernel development period, nut, starch, mineral elements

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