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园艺学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 89-97.

• 蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

辽宁省甜瓜果腐病病原菌鉴定及生物学特性初探

 刘志恒, 侯悦, 胡积祥, 滕晓菲, 黄欣阳, 王世维, 赵廷昌   

  1. (1沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳 110866;2中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193)
  • 出版日期:2013-01-25 发布日期:2013-01-25

Identification and Biological Characteristics of Muskmelon Fruit Rot Pathogen in Liaoning Province

 LIU  Zhi-Heng, HOU  Yue, HU  Ji-Xiang, TENG  Xiao-Fei, HUANG  Xin-Yang, WANG  Shi-Wei, ZHAO  Ting-Chang   

  1. (1College of Plant Protection,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;2Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)
  • Online:2013-01-25 Published:2013-01-25

摘要: 由丝核菌引起的甜瓜果腐病是辽宁省近年发生的新病害,在棚室甜瓜生产中发生渐趋严重。根据病原菌形态、致病性、菌丝融合群和rDNA-ITS序列分析,确定其病原菌为茄丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani),AG-4 HGI融合群。病原菌生物学特性测定结果表明,菌丝生长最适温度28 ℃;最适pH 6.0 ~ 8.0;供试10种培养基中,在甜瓜煎汁培养基中菌丝生长最快;供试9种碳源和10种氮源中,最适碳源为可溶性淀粉,最适氮源为蛋白胨;光照对菌丝生长影响较小。菌核形成最适条件为温度25 ℃,pH 7.0,理查培养基,黑暗条件;以山梨醇为碳源的PA培养基和以KNO3为氮源的查氏培养基有利于菌核形成。对于病菌菌核萌发胡萝卜煎汁培养基最为适宜;供试9种碳源和10种氮源中,最适碳源为麦芽糖,最适氮源为蛋白胨;菌核萌发最适温度28 ℃,最适pH 5.0 ~ 8.0,黑暗条件利于菌核萌发;菌丝致死温度50 ℃、10 min;菌核致死温度53 ℃、10 min。

关键词: 甜瓜, 甜瓜果腐病, 茄丝核菌, rDNA-ITS, 生物学特性

Abstract: Muskmelon fruit rot caused by Rhizoctonia sp. is a new disease first found in Liaoning Province in recent years. The disease appears more serious on greenhouse muskmelon. The casual agent was identified as AG-4 HGI of Rhizoctonia solani by the studies of the morphology,pathogenicity,anastomosis groups and ribosomal DNA-ITS. The biological characteristics of the results showed that the best mycelium growth was obtained at 28 ℃ and pH 6.0–8.0;The melon juice culture medium was most conducive to mycelium growth in the 10 tested media,The optimum one was soluble starch in the 9 tested carbon sources,the optimum nitrogen source was peptone. The effect of light on the mycelial growth was not evident. The ideal sclerotium generation was at 25 ℃,pH 7.0,in darkness and with Czapek culture medium. The beneficial carbon source for the formation of sclerotia was Sorbitol;The beneficial nitrogen source for the formation of sclerotia was KNO3. Sclerotium germination was well with carrot juice culture medium;In the 9 tested carbon sources and 10 tested nitrogen sources,sclerotium germination was in favor of malt sugar and peptone;The optimum temperature for sclerotium germination was 25 ℃;The optimum pH is 5.0–8.0;Dark conditions was benefit for sclerotium germination. The mycelial lethal temperature was at 50 ℃ for 10 min. The lethal temperature for sclerotium was at 53 ℃ for 10 min.

Key words: muskmelon, muskmelon fruit rot, Rhizoctonia solani , rDNA-ITS, biological characteristics

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