关键词: 猕猴桃, 杂交, 跨倍性, 倍性分离, 流式细胞仪, AFLP, 遗传距离

Abstract: Understanding ploidy segregation and genetic divergence of interploidy hybrids is useful for directional selection，creating polyploidy germplasm and exploring theoretical population genetics. Flow cytometry and AFLP molecular markers to be used explore ploidy segregation and genetic differentiation of hybrid progenies of eight crosses with different ploidy parents in Actinidia chinensis complex. The results showed that crosses between hexaploid females‘Xinguan 2’and diploid males ‘Hongyang’（♂）and‘Guihai’（♂）created hybrids with new ploidy levels（3x，4x，5x，7x，8x）.Moreover，the Nei’s genetic diversity（H：0.4166，0.4305），Shannon index（I：0.5833，0.6053）and percentage of polymorphic loci（P：91.18%，92.63%）were higher than other crosses. Crosses with lower interploidy difference [4x（♀）× 6x（♂），4x（♀）× 2x（♂），4x（♀）× 2x（♂），2x（♀）× 4x （♂）] have relatively lower genetic variation in the progenies，but created hybrids with odd number of ploidy levels （5x，3x，3x）. Progeny populations of all crosses showed a number of novel bands. Further analysis of genetic distance showed that，except for the cross No. 6 [4x（♀）× 2x（♂）]，closer genetic relationships between offsprings and the female parents were revealed in all other crosses.

Key words: Actinidia chinensis, hybridization, interploidy, ploidy segregation, flow cytometry, AFLP, genetic distance