关键词: 黄芩, 传粉生物学, 访花昆虫, 繁育系统

Abstract: Reproductive characteristics of Scutellaria baicalensis were studied by field observation，artificial pollination and laboratory tests. The results showed that corolla was purple or amaranth or blue color. Corolla tube was 0.5–1.2 cm wide，and 2.3–3.4 cm long，style was 2.3–3.5 cm long. The behind pair of anthers was 0.1–0.15 cm long while the front pair of anthers was 0.18–0.3 cm long. There were neither protruding stigmas nor contacting anthers. Pollen vigor was the strongest on the day of anthesis. At the beginning of anthesis，the vigor was 76.94%，and decreased rapidly to 54.06% three days later. Pollen-ovule ratio（P/O）ranged from 635 to 7 220. Natural nutlet setting rate was 56.74%. It was inferred that S. baicalensis belong to an entomophilous cross-pollinated plant based on the results of pollination observations and artificial pollination studies. The most freguently known pollinators of S. baicalensis were as follows：Anthophora deserticola Morawitz，Bombus（Bombus）ignitus Smith，Anthophora florae Smith and Bombus（Thoracobombus）opulentus Smith.

Key words: Scutellaria baicalensis, pollination biology, pollination insect, breeding system