关键词: 苹果, 果园, 土壤, 理化性状, 果实, 品质, 果实矿质营养

Abstract: The total of 46 soil（0–40 cm）and fruit samples from fructiferous apple orchards in Changping district of Beijing were collected and classified to asses difference in the physicochemical properties of soils，soil nutrient content，fruit quality and mineral element content among different apple orchards from 2008 to 2009. The results showed that 56.14% orchard soil（20–40 cm）were higher in soil buck density，20% orchard soil porosity was under 45%，15.51% orchard soil pH was greater than 7.5. The 96% orchard soil was higher than 10.0 g · kg-1 in soil organic matter（SOM），nearly all the orchard soil were sufficient in total N，alkaline-N and available P，while 30%–40% orchard soil were low in available K，Ca and Fe. The 76.47% orchard was above 14% in soluble solids，while 50% apple orchard must be increased in per fruit mass. The 90% orchard in nitrogen content of fruit were higher than 0.30 g · kg-1，while 65% orchard in calcium content of fruit were lower than 80 mg · kg-1. They will be important works to improve soil conditions，reduce soil pH and soil buck density，increase soil available K，Ca and Fe in orchard soil management.

Key words: apple, soil, physicochemical characteristics, fruit, quality, fruit mineral nutrition