关键词: 草莓, 未受精子房, 离体培养, 雌核发育

Abstract: The Neoregelia type strawberry（Fragaria × ananassa Duch.）‘Mingxu’were used to induce gynogenesis by means of the suitable culture in vitro of unfertilized ovary. Three methods were employed to prepare sections during the growth period. Ehrlich hematoxylin intact staining-paraffin method，intact staining-holly oil cleaning-paraffin method and dissection-intact cleaning method. The embryological studies on unfertilized ovaries of strawberry cultured in vitro showed that the gynogenesis had three different phenomena.（1）Egg cell started to divide into proembryo，which is egg cell parthenogenesis.（2）Some antipodal cells started to divide into cell group occasionally，but the further developing of the cell group was unclear and difficultly formed into embryo. Moreover the apogamic of synergid was not observed additionally.（3）Polar nucleus individually divided into a few endosperm like free nuclei or the structure of free nuclei group. The in vitro embryos could be classified into three types，the typical embryo，the embryo with abnormal cells，and the callusized embryo. All the above embryos derived from the parthenogenesis of egg cells. The development of typical embryo from culture in vitro was similar to the normal embryo of the plant. The gynogenic plants primarily developed from the typical embryo. Embryos with abnormal cells and embryos with callus tissue are hard to develop into embryo sac plants.

Key words: strawberry, unfertilized ovary, culture in vitro, gynogenesis