关键词: 苹果, 树冠, 枝（梢）分布, 产量, 品质

Abstract: The methods of canopy subarea，multiple statistical analysis and liner program were used to study difference of shoot numbers，distribution，yields and quality in sunlight and overcrowd canopy，and effect of shoot numbers，type and proportion on yields and quality factors in twenty-year old‘Fuji’apple tree with standard rootstock. The results showed that total shoot numbers of sunlight and overcrowd canopy were 104 × 104 and 124 × 104 per hectare，and proportions of shoot in inner，middle and outer of canopy were 41.87%，42.83%，15.30% and 10.00%，36.92%，53.08% in sunlight and overcrowd canopy，respectively. The yield that converted per tree into per unit area in sunlight canopy was 63.30 t · hm-2，which significantly higher than 47.95 t · hm-2 in overcrowd canopy，and distributed mainly at 1.0–2.5 m canopy height. The outputs of per layer in sunlight canopy were higher than overcrowd canopy. The mean weight per fruit，soluble solids content and soluble solids/acid were respectively higher 11.84%，18.01% and 68.22% in sunlight canopy than overcrowd canopy. Canonical correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to obtain major shoot type and importance affecting fruit quality factors. There was a positive correlation significantly between the amounts of long shoot and per fruit weight and firmness，between amounts of spur shoot and soluble solids content，and also a negative correlation significantly between amounts of spur shoot and titratable acidity content. Linear programming was used to calculate optimum parameters of total shoot number and proportion of different shoot type for good qualities in‘Red Fuji’apple trees，which total shoot number was 96.57 × 104–103.68 × 104 per hectare and the ratio in long，medium and spur shoots were 9.41%–10.62%，14.12%–15.00%，74.57%–76.47%，respectively.

Key words: apple, canopy, shoots distribution, yield, quality