同源转基因将成为利用野生资源进行作物育种的一种有效手段

园艺学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 1397-1400.

同源转基因将成为利用野生资源进行作物育种的一种有效手段

黄三文¹;杜永臣¹;屈冬玉¹;Evert Jacobsen ²

(¹ 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所, 北京100081;² 荷兰瓦赫宁根大学及研究中心植物育种系, PO Box 386, 6700AJ Wageningen, the Netherlands)

收稿日期:2006-11-08 修回日期:2006-11-30 出版日期:2006-12-25 发布日期:2006-12-25

Cisgenesis will Become an Effective Tool of Crop Improvement in Use of Wild Germplasm

Huang Sanwen¹;Du Yongchen¹;Qu Dongyu ¹;Evert Jacobsen ²

(¹ Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; ²Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, PO Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, the Netherlands)

Received:2006-11-08 Revised:2006-11-30 Online:2006-12-25 Published:2006-12-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 作物育种的一个主要限制因素是各栽培种的遗传基础日趋狭窄, 迫切需要从野生种质资源中导入优异等位基因。杂交障碍和连锁累赘降低了常规育种利用这些等位基因的效率。基因组研究的发展使得越来越多的植物基因的克隆成为可能。同源转基因就是将本物种或其近缘野生种克隆的优异等位基因导入到要改良的育种材料中。这不仅可以缩短育种的周期, 而且不会有不良性状的连锁累赘。同源转基因和常规育种所要导入的目标基因的来源是相同的, 因此育成的品种同样是安全的。如果转基因条例能够将同源转基因品种视同为常规育种品种, 同源转基因将会成为人们利用野生资源进行作物改良的一种有效手段。

关键词: 作物育种, 同源转基因, 安全评价

Abstract: A major bottleneck of crop breeding is the narrow genetic base of cultivated species. It is a must to introgress new beneficial alleles from wild germp lasm. Due to crossing barrier and linkage drag, conventional breeding isnpt effective in use of these beneficial alleles. The rap id development of genomics enables
the isolation of a number of plant genes in an easyway. Cisgenesis is a genetic modification app roach to quickly transfer beneficial alleles from crossable species into elite cultivars. This app roach will not only speed up breeding process but also avoid linkage drag. As the origins of target genes by cisgenesis and conventional breeding are the same, cultivars released by these two app roaches are same in safety. If regulators could treat cisgenic plants the same as conventionally bred p lants, cisgenesis will become an effective tool of crop improvement in use of wild germplasm.

Key words: Crop breeding, Cisgenesis, Safety evaluation

中图分类号:

S33
S603.6

黄三文;杜永臣;屈冬玉;Evert Jacobsen . 同源转基因将成为利用野生资源进行作物育种的一种有效手段[J]. 园艺学报, 2006, 33(6): 1397-1400.

Huang Sanwen;Du Yongchen;Qu Dongyu;Evert Jacobsen . Cisgenesis will Become an Effective Tool of Crop Improvement in Use of Wild Germplasm[J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2006, 33(6): 1397-1400.