西瓜重要性状功能基因研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-1218

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综述了西瓜重要植株性状、果实性状和抗病性状等关键功能基因研究的最新成果，探讨了西瓜多基因聚合分子育种技术的应用前景，以期为西瓜分子育种体系的不断提高与完善提供参考。

Abstract:

This paper reviews the latest researches on functional gene of important plant traits，fruit quality traits，and disease resistance traits in watermelon. The application prospect of pyramiding multiple genes for molecular breeding technology in watermelon is discussed，to provide references for the development of watermelon molecular breeding system.

Key words: watermelon, trait, functional genes, review

张磊, 武竞春, 张海英, 宫国义, 柳唐镜, 张洁, 许勇. 西瓜重要性状功能基因研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(12): 2748-2764.

ZHANG Lei, WU Jingchun, ZHANG Haiying, GONG Guoyi, LIU Tangjing, ZHANG Jie, XU Yong. Advances in Functional Genes for Important Traits in Watermelon[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(12): 2748-2764.

图/表 3

参考文献 96

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性状 Trait		遗传/基因代号 Genetic law/ symbol	候选功能基因 Candidate functional gene	基因编号 Gene ID	参考文献 Reference
株高 Plant high	丛生 Bush	单隐性 Single recessive	ClGA20ox	Cla010726 (Cla97C07G143880)	Dong et al.，2018，2021a
	丛生 Bush	单隐性 Single recessive	ClGA2ox	Cla015407 (Cla97C09G164610)	Jang et al.，2019a
	短和少节间 Short and few internode	单隐性/df Single recessive/df	ClGA3ox	Cla015407 (Cla97C09G164590)	Zhang et al.，2021b
	短节间 Short internode	单隐性/dw-1 Single recessive	ClABCB19	Cla010337 (Cla97C09G179710)	Zhu et al.，2019
	短节间 Short internode	单隐性 Single recessive	ClGID1L2	Cla010254 (Cla97C09G178830)	Liu et al.，2022a
分枝能力 Branching	少分枝 Branchless	单隐性/tl Single recessive/tl	ClTFL1	Cla018392 (Cla97C04G076830)	Dou et al.，2022b
叶片形状 Leaf type	全缘叶 Sinuate leaf	单隐性/sn Single recessive/sn	ClLMI1	Cla018360 (Cla97C04G076510)	Wei et al.，2017
叶片颜色 Leaf color	延迟绿叶 Delayed green leaf	单隐性/dg Single recessive/dg	ClFtsHi5	ClCG03G010030 (Cla97C03G060910)	Kidanemariam，2020
开花时间 Flowering time	第一朵雌花开花时间 Days to first female flower	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClFT ClPP2C	Cla009504 (Cla97C03G060990), Cla009546 (Cla97C03G061230)	McGregor et al.，2014;Gimode et al.，2019
性型分化 Floral sex type	雌性株 Gynoecy	单隐性/gy Single recessive/gy	ClWIP1	Cla008537 (Cla97C02G049440)	Zhang et al.，2020a
	雄花完全花同株 Andromonoecy	单隐性/a Single recessive/a	CitACS4	Cla011230 (Cla97C03G066110)	Ji et al.，2016
	不完全雄花完全花同株 Partial andromonoecy	单隐性 Single recessive	ClHCHIB	ClCG01G020800	Aguado et al.，2020
雄性不育 Male sterility		单隐性/dw-1 Single recessive/dw-1	ClPEX1	Cla006625 (Cla97C06G112900)	Dong et al.，2021b
		单隐性 Single recessive	ClATM1	Cla97C06G117840	Jang et al.，2021;Zhang et al.，2021a
		单显性 Single dominant	ClMS1	ClG42_09g0202400 (Cla97C09G181360)	Deng et al.，2022

性状 Trait		遗传/基因代号 Genetic law/ symbol	候选功能基因 Candidate functional gene	基因编号 Gene ID	参考文献 Reference
株高 Plant high	丛生 Bush	单隐性 Single recessive	ClGA20ox	Cla010726 (Cla97C07G143880)	Dong et al.，2018，2021a
	丛生 Bush	单隐性 Single recessive	ClGA2ox	Cla015407 (Cla97C09G164610)	Jang et al.，2019a
	短和少节间 Short and few internode	单隐性/df Single recessive/df	ClGA3ox	Cla015407 (Cla97C09G164590)	Zhang et al.，2021b
	短节间 Short internode	单隐性/dw-1 Single recessive	ClABCB19	Cla010337 (Cla97C09G179710)	Zhu et al.，2019
	短节间 Short internode	单隐性 Single recessive	ClGID1L2	Cla010254 (Cla97C09G178830)	Liu et al.，2022a
分枝能力 Branching	少分枝 Branchless	单隐性/tl Single recessive/tl	ClTFL1	Cla018392 (Cla97C04G076830)	Dou et al.，2022b
叶片形状 Leaf type	全缘叶 Sinuate leaf	单隐性/sn Single recessive/sn	ClLMI1	Cla018360 (Cla97C04G076510)	Wei et al.，2017
叶片颜色 Leaf color	延迟绿叶 Delayed green leaf	单隐性/dg Single recessive/dg	ClFtsHi5	ClCG03G010030 (Cla97C03G060910)	Kidanemariam，2020
开花时间 Flowering time	第一朵雌花开花时间 Days to first female flower	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClFT ClPP2C	Cla009504 (Cla97C03G060990), Cla009546 (Cla97C03G061230)	McGregor et al.，2014;Gimode et al.，2019
性型分化 Floral sex type	雌性株 Gynoecy	单隐性/gy Single recessive/gy	ClWIP1	Cla008537 (Cla97C02G049440)	Zhang et al.，2020a
	雄花完全花同株 Andromonoecy	单隐性/a Single recessive/a	CitACS4	Cla011230 (Cla97C03G066110)	Ji et al.，2016
	不完全雄花完全花同株 Partial andromonoecy	单隐性 Single recessive	ClHCHIB	ClCG01G020800	Aguado et al.，2020
雄性不育 Male sterility		单隐性/dw-1 Single recessive/dw-1	ClPEX1	Cla006625 (Cla97C06G112900)	Dong et al.，2021b
		单隐性 Single recessive	ClATM1	Cla97C06G117840	Jang et al.，2021;Zhang et al.，2021a
		单显性 Single dominant	ClMS1	ClG42_09g0202400 (Cla97C09G181360)	Deng et al.，2022

性状 Trait	表型 Phenotype	遗传/基因代号 Genetic law/symbol	候选功能基因 Candidate functional gene	基因编号 Gene ID	参考文献 Reference
形状与大小 Shape and size	长椭圆形 Oblong	不完全显性/O Incompletely dominant	ClSUN	Cla011257 (Cla97C03G066390)	Dou et al.，2018;Duan et al.，2023
形状与大小 Shape and size	五心室 Pentamerous ovary	单隐性 Single recessive	ClRPK2	Cla97C07G143260	Qiu et al.，2022
果皮样式 Fruit rind pattern	深绿 Dark green	单显性/G Single dominant	ClCGMenG	ClCG08G017810 (Cla97C08G161570)	Li et al.，2019
	深绿条纹 Dark green tripe	单显性 Single dominant	ClSP	Cla97C06G126740	Yue et al.，2021
	网状条纹 Netted stripe	单隐性 Single recessive	ClMORC6	Cla019205 (Cla97C06G126770)	Wang et al.，2022
硬度 Firmness	果皮 Fruit rind	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClERF4	Cla97C10G187120	Liao et al.，2020
	果肉 Furit flesh	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClIRX15 FH8.1	Cla016033 (Cla97C02G033120) Cla012507	Sun et al.，2020
	果肉 Furit flesh	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClIAA27	Cla004102 (Cla97C06G118630)	Anees et al.，2023
果肉色 Flesh color	金黄 Golden	单隐性/Y^O Single recessive	ClPSY1	Cla97C01G008760	Liu et al.，2022b
	红 Red	单隐性 Single recessive	ClLCYB	Cla97C04G070940	Bang et al.，2007;Zhang et al.，2020b
	光敏黄 Photosensitive yellow	单隐性 Single recessive	ClZISO	Cla97C07G142750	Zhang et al.，2022
	橙 Orange	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClCRTISO	Cla017593 (Cla97C10G200950)	Jin et al.，2019
	淡绿 Pale green	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClPAP	Cla97C10G185970	Pei et al.，2021
含糖量 Sugar content	棉子糖 Raffinose	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClAGA2	Cla97C04G070460	Ren et al.，2021
	蔗糖/qsuc2-1 Sucrose	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClVST1	Cla97C02G031010	Ren et al.，2020a
	蔗糖/qsuc2-2 Sucrose	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClTST2	Cla97C00G000440	Ren et al.，2018
风味 Flavor	苦味 Bitterness	单显性/Su Single dominant	ClBT	Cla011508 (Cla97C01G003400)	Guo et al.，2019 Gong et al.，2022a
风味 Flavor	酸味 Sourness	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClPGX3 ClSRF2	Cla009218 (Cla97C06G113740) Cla009226 (Cla97C06G113810)	高磊，2018
种皮色 Seed color	黑色（点状） Black and dotted	单显性/RTW Single dominant	ClPPO	Cla019481 (Cla97C03G057100)	Li et al.，2020
种子大小 Seed size	小种子 Small seed	数量性状/s Quantitative trait	ClPP2C	Cla97C05G104360	Gong et al.，2022b
			ClARG1	Cla97C05G104380	Gong et al.，2022b
			ClBG1	Cla97C08G153160	Wang et al.，2021

性状 Trait	表型 Phenotype	遗传/基因代号 Genetic law/symbol	候选功能基因 Candidate functional gene	基因编号 Gene ID	参考文献 Reference
形状与大小 Shape and size	长椭圆形 Oblong	不完全显性/O Incompletely dominant	ClSUN	Cla011257 (Cla97C03G066390)	Dou et al.，2018;Duan et al.，2023
形状与大小 Shape and size	五心室 Pentamerous ovary	单隐性 Single recessive	ClRPK2	Cla97C07G143260	Qiu et al.，2022
果皮样式 Fruit rind pattern	深绿 Dark green	单显性/G Single dominant	ClCGMenG	ClCG08G017810 (Cla97C08G161570)	Li et al.，2019
	深绿条纹 Dark green tripe	单显性 Single dominant	ClSP	Cla97C06G126740	Yue et al.，2021
	网状条纹 Netted stripe	单隐性 Single recessive	ClMORC6	Cla019205 (Cla97C06G126770)	Wang et al.，2022
硬度 Firmness	果皮 Fruit rind	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClERF4	Cla97C10G187120	Liao et al.，2020
	果肉 Furit flesh	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClIRX15 FH8.1	Cla016033 (Cla97C02G033120) Cla012507	Sun et al.，2020
	果肉 Furit flesh	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClIAA27	Cla004102 (Cla97C06G118630)	Anees et al.，2023
果肉色 Flesh color	金黄 Golden	单隐性/Y^O Single recessive	ClPSY1	Cla97C01G008760	Liu et al.，2022b
	红 Red	单隐性 Single recessive	ClLCYB	Cla97C04G070940	Bang et al.，2007;Zhang et al.，2020b
	光敏黄 Photosensitive yellow	单隐性 Single recessive	ClZISO	Cla97C07G142750	Zhang et al.，2022
	橙 Orange	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClCRTISO	Cla017593 (Cla97C10G200950)	Jin et al.，2019
	淡绿 Pale green	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClPAP	Cla97C10G185970	Pei et al.，2021
含糖量 Sugar content	棉子糖 Raffinose	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClAGA2	Cla97C04G070460	Ren et al.，2021
	蔗糖/qsuc2-1 Sucrose	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClVST1	Cla97C02G031010	Ren et al.，2020a
	蔗糖/qsuc2-2 Sucrose	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClTST2	Cla97C00G000440	Ren et al.，2018
风味 Flavor	苦味 Bitterness	单显性/Su Single dominant	ClBT	Cla011508 (Cla97C01G003400)	Guo et al.，2019 Gong et al.，2022a
风味 Flavor	酸味 Sourness	数量性状 Quantitative trait	ClPGX3 ClSRF2	Cla009218 (Cla97C06G113740) Cla009226 (Cla97C06G113810)	高磊，2018
种皮色 Seed color	黑色（点状） Black and dotted	单显性/RTW Single dominant	ClPPO	Cla019481 (Cla97C03G057100)	Li et al.，2020
种子大小 Seed size	小种子 Small seed	数量性状/s Quantitative trait	ClPP2C	Cla97C05G104360	Gong et al.，2022b
			ClARG1	Cla97C05G104380	Gong et al.，2022b
			ClBG1	Cla97C08G153160	Wang et al.，2021

病害 Disease	病原菌/生理小种 Pathogen/ Race	遗传规律/基因代号 Genetic law/ Symbol	染色体 Chromosome	候选基因 Candidate gene	参考文献 Reference
枯萎病 Fusarium wilt	小种1 Race 1	单显性/Fo-1 Single dominant	1	Cla004916 (Cla97C01G000710) Cla004990 (Cla97C01G001440) Cla004914 (Cla97C01G000690) Cla004920 (Cla97C01G000780) Cla004921 (Cla97C01G000790)	Ren et al.，2015; Branham et al.，2018
	小种2 Race 2	数量性状/Fo-2 Quantitative trait	9	Cla014674 (Cla97C09G168660) Cla014675 (Cla97C09G168670) Cla014676 (Cla97C09G168680) Cla014677 (Cla97C09G168690)	Ren et al.，2015
	小种2 Race 2	数量性状/Fo-2 Quantitative trait	10	Cla018045 (Cla97C10G206090)	Ren et al.，2015
白粉病 Powdery mildew	小种1w Race 1w	不完全显性/pm Incompletely dominant	2	ClPMR2-Cla019831 (Cla97C02G042200) Cla019844 (Cla97C02G042050)	Kin et al.，2013，2015;Mandel et al.，2020
炭疽病 Anthracnose	小种1 Race 1	单显性/Ar-1 Single dominant	8	ClLRR4-Cla001017 (Cla97C08G146430)	Jang et al.，2019b
蔓枯病 Gummy stem blight	S. cucurbitacearum	数量性状/db Quantitative trait	8	Cla001017 (Cla97C08G146430) Cla001019 (Cla97C08G146410)	Ren et al.，2020b
	D. bryoniae		8	Cla022133 (Cla97C08G154490) Cla022184 (Cla97C08G155120) Cla022195 (Cla97C08G155230)	Lee et al.，2021
	D. bryoniae		1	Cla97C01G014900; Cla97C01G015010 Cla97C01G014910; Cla97C01G014990 Cla97C01G015130	Hong et al.，2022
黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒病 CGMMV	Tobamovirus	数量性状 Quantitative trait	4	ClWPRb-Cla97C04G073090	Cai et al.，2022
番木瓜环斑病毒病PRSV	Potyvirus	数量性状 Quantitative trait	8/9/11	ClCG11G001040 (Cla97C11G207410) ClCG08G004120 (Cla97C08G147410) ClCG08G004130 (Cla97C08G147410) ClCG08G004200 (Cla97C08G147460) ClCG09G009010 (Cla97C09G171800) ClCG08G004150	Chanda et al.，2022
小西葫芦黄化花叶病毒病 ZYMV	Potyvirus	单显性/zym-FL Single dominant	3	eIF4E-Cla97C03G058500	Ling et al.，2009