果蔬采后木质素积累及其调控对品质的影响研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0268

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综述了果蔬采后品质和生理失调与其木质素积累的关系,以及木质素单体的生物合成,木质素聚合和转录调控的研究进展,介绍了不同采后处理技术对果蔬品质的影响。

Abstract:

This article provides a review of the recent studies on the involvement of lignin accumulation in the quality decline and physiological/pathogenical disorders of postharvest fruit and vegetables;on the pathways of lignin monomer biosynthesis and lignin polymerization;on the transcriptional regulation of lignin biosynthesis related genes. Furthermore,different treatment techniques on the control of tissue lignification of postharvest fruit and vegetables products were summarized.

Key words: horticultural produce, postharvest quality, lignin accumulation, regulation, treatment technology

中图分类号:

薛维文, 周显芳, 张昭其, 方方. 果蔬采后木质素积累及其调控对品质的影响研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(9): 2023-2036.

XUE Weiwen, ZHOU Xianfang, ZHANG Zhaoqi, FANG Fang. Advances in Lignin Accumulation and Its Regulation on the Quality of Postharvest Fruit and Vegetables[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(9): 2023-2036.

图/表 2

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物种 Species	转录因子 Transcription factor	调控机理 Regulation mechanism	参考文献 Reference
枇杷 Eriobotrya japonica	EjMYB1/2	激活/抑制Ej4CL1和Ej4CL5的表达,调控低温诱导的果肉木质化 Activates/inhibits the expression of Ej4CL1 and Ej4CL5,regulate low temperature-induced pulp lignification	Xu et al.,2014
	EjMYB8	激活EjPAL1、4CL1的启动子和ERF-MYB8复合物调节低温诱导的果实木质化 Activates EjPAL1,4CL1 promoter and the ERF-MYB8 complex,regulates low temperature-induced fruit lignification	Wang et al.,2016;Zhang et al.,2020a
	EjNAC3/4	激活EjCAD-like的启动子,调控低温诱导的枇杷木质化 Activates the EjCAD-like promoter,regulate low temperature-induced lignification in loquat	Ge et al.,2017
	EjAP2-1	与EjMYB1/2相互作用,抑制低温诱导的木质化 Interacts with EjMYB1/2,inhibits low temperature-induced lignification	Zeng et al.,2015
	EjbHLH1	抑制木质素生物合成基因Ej4CL1的表达 Inhibits the expression of lignin synthesis gene Ej4CL1	Xu et al.,2019
柚 Citrus maxima	CgMYB58	结合木质素合成基因CgPAL1、CgPAL2、Cg4CL1和CgC3H启动子,调控柚粒化 Combines with the promoters of lignin synthesis genes CgPAL1,CgPAL2,Cg4CL1 and CgC3H,regulates pomelo granulation	Shi et al.,2020
柑橘 Citrus reticulata	CsMYB330,CsMYB308	调控Cs4CL1表达,调控柑橘粒化 Regulates the expression of Cs4CL1,regulates citrus granulation	Ji et al.,2018
	CsMYB85	结合CsMYB330启动子,调控柑橘汁囊木质化 Combines with the promoter of CsMYB330,regulates citrus granulation	Jia et al.,2019
苹果 Malus pumila	MdMYB93	调控MdPAL、Md4CL和MdCAD表达,诱导果皮细胞壁木质素积累 Regulates the expression of MdPAL,Md4CL and MdCAD,induces lignin accumulation in pericarp cell wall	Legay et al.,2016
白梨 Pyrus bretschneideri	PbrMYB169	激活木质素合成相关基因C3H1、CCR1、CCOMT2、CAD、4CL1、4CL2、HCT2和LAC18的表达Activates the expression of C3H1,CCR1,CCOMT2,CAD,4CL1,4CL2,HCT2 and LAC18	Xue et al.,2019b
	PbBZR1	抑制木质素生物合成基因PbCES9、PbCOMT3和PbHCT6的表达 Inhibits the expression of PbCES9,PbCOMT3 and PbHCT6	Cao et al.,2020
黄金梨 Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai	PpNAC187	调控PpCCR和PpCOMT转录本,诱导梨果实硬化 Regulates the transcripts of PpCCR and PpCOMT,induces hard-end in pear	Li et al.,2019b
石榴 Punica granatum	PgSND1-like	结合PgPAL、Pg4CL、PgF5H、PgCCR和PgCAD启动子特异元件,调控石榴籽硬度 Combines PgPAL,Pg4CL,PgF5H,PgCCR and PgCAD promoter-specific elements,regulate firmness of pomegranate seed	Xia et al.,2019

物种 Species	转录因子 Transcription factor	调控机理 Regulation mechanism	参考文献 Reference
枇杷 Eriobotrya japonica	EjMYB1/2	激活/抑制Ej4CL1和Ej4CL5的表达,调控低温诱导的果肉木质化 Activates/inhibits the expression of Ej4CL1 and Ej4CL5,regulate low temperature-induced pulp lignification	Xu et al.,2014
	EjMYB8	激活EjPAL1、4CL1的启动子和ERF-MYB8复合物调节低温诱导的果实木质化 Activates EjPAL1,4CL1 promoter and the ERF-MYB8 complex,regulates low temperature-induced fruit lignification	Wang et al.,2016;Zhang et al.,2020a
	EjNAC3/4	激活EjCAD-like的启动子,调控低温诱导的枇杷木质化 Activates the EjCAD-like promoter,regulate low temperature-induced lignification in loquat	Ge et al.,2017
	EjAP2-1	与EjMYB1/2相互作用,抑制低温诱导的木质化 Interacts with EjMYB1/2,inhibits low temperature-induced lignification	Zeng et al.,2015
	EjbHLH1	抑制木质素生物合成基因Ej4CL1的表达 Inhibits the expression of lignin synthesis gene Ej4CL1	Xu et al.,2019
柚 Citrus maxima	CgMYB58	结合木质素合成基因CgPAL1、CgPAL2、Cg4CL1和CgC3H启动子,调控柚粒化 Combines with the promoters of lignin synthesis genes CgPAL1,CgPAL2,Cg4CL1 and CgC3H,regulates pomelo granulation	Shi et al.,2020
柑橘 Citrus reticulata	CsMYB330,CsMYB308	调控Cs4CL1表达,调控柑橘粒化 Regulates the expression of Cs4CL1,regulates citrus granulation	Ji et al.,2018
	CsMYB85	结合CsMYB330启动子,调控柑橘汁囊木质化 Combines with the promoter of CsMYB330,regulates citrus granulation	Jia et al.,2019
苹果 Malus pumila	MdMYB93	调控MdPAL、Md4CL和MdCAD表达,诱导果皮细胞壁木质素积累 Regulates the expression of MdPAL,Md4CL and MdCAD,induces lignin accumulation in pericarp cell wall	Legay et al.,2016
白梨 Pyrus bretschneideri	PbrMYB169	激活木质素合成相关基因C3H1、CCR1、CCOMT2、CAD、4CL1、4CL2、HCT2和LAC18的表达Activates the expression of C3H1,CCR1,CCOMT2,CAD,4CL1,4CL2,HCT2 and LAC18	Xue et al.,2019b
	PbBZR1	抑制木质素生物合成基因PbCES9、PbCOMT3和PbHCT6的表达 Inhibits the expression of PbCES9,PbCOMT3 and PbHCT6	Cao et al.,2020
黄金梨 Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai	PpNAC187	调控PpCCR和PpCOMT转录本,诱导梨果实硬化 Regulates the transcripts of PpCCR and PpCOMT,induces hard-end in pear	Li et al.,2019b
石榴 Punica granatum	PgSND1-like	结合PgPAL、Pg4CL、PgF5H、PgCCR和PgCAD启动子特异元件,调控石榴籽硬度 Combines PgPAL,Pg4CL,PgF5H,PgCCR and PgCAD promoter-specific elements,regulate firmness of pomegranate seed	Xia et al.,2019

处理技术 Treatment technique	处理方法 Method	作用原理 Action principle	优点 Advantage	缺点 Disadvantage
物理处理 Physical treatment	热处理、低温处理、气调贮藏等 Heat treatment,low temperature treatment,controlled atmosphere storage,etc.	降低代谢速率、呼吸速率;抑制木质素合成酶活性及相关基因的表达,延缓果实木质化 Reduces metabolic rate and respiration rate,inhibits lignin synthase activity and expression of related genes,and delays fruit lignification	无化学残留、安全、简单易行 No chemical residues,safe and simple	不易控制;不适当温度、气体浓度造成果实伤害、腐烂 Difficult to control,fruit damage and decay due to improper temperature or gas concentration	Shao et al.,2010;田世平等,2011;Techavuthiporn & Boonyaritthongchai,2016
化学处理 Chemical treatment	化学药剂、植物激素等 Chemicals,plant hormones,etc.	木质素积累增多,细胞壁增厚,诱导抗性应答 Increases accumulation of lignin and thickening of cell walls,induces resistance responses	用量少,易分解,使用方法简单,成本低 Less dosage,easy to decompose,simple to use,low cost	长期使用导致病原菌抗药性,化学残留 Leads to drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria,and chemical residues	Qin et al.,2007;Cao et al.,2010;田世平等,2011
生物处理 Biological treatment	生物拮抗菌、壳聚糖、新型生物抑菌物 Biological antagonistic bacteria,chitosan,new biological antibacterial substances	激发产品防御反应,促进木质素含量增加,增强防御病害能力 Stimulates the defense reaction of products,promotes the increase of lignin content,and enhances the ability of defense against diseases	有利食用安全Contributes to food safety	拮抗菌环境适应力差 Poor environmental adaptability	田世平等,2011;Vanholme et al.,2012;Dukare et al.,2019;Kumar et al.,2020

处理技术 Treatment technique	处理方法 Method	作用原理 Action principle	优点 Advantage	缺点 Disadvantage
物理处理 Physical treatment	热处理、低温处理、气调贮藏等 Heat treatment,low temperature treatment,controlled atmosphere storage,etc.	降低代谢速率、呼吸速率;抑制木质素合成酶活性及相关基因的表达,延缓果实木质化 Reduces metabolic rate and respiration rate,inhibits lignin synthase activity and expression of related genes,and delays fruit lignification	无化学残留、安全、简单易行 No chemical residues,safe and simple	不易控制;不适当温度、气体浓度造成果实伤害、腐烂 Difficult to control,fruit damage and decay due to improper temperature or gas concentration	Shao et al.,2010;田世平等,2011;Techavuthiporn & Boonyaritthongchai,2016
化学处理 Chemical treatment	化学药剂、植物激素等 Chemicals,plant hormones,etc.	木质素积累增多,细胞壁增厚,诱导抗性应答 Increases accumulation of lignin and thickening of cell walls,induces resistance responses	用量少,易分解,使用方法简单,成本低 Less dosage,easy to decompose,simple to use,low cost	长期使用导致病原菌抗药性,化学残留 Leads to drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria,and chemical residues	Qin et al.,2007;Cao et al.,2010;田世平等,2011
生物处理 Biological treatment	生物拮抗菌、壳聚糖、新型生物抑菌物 Biological antagonistic bacteria,chitosan,new biological antibacterial substances	激发产品防御反应,促进木质素含量增加,增强防御病害能力 Stimulates the defense reaction of products,promotes the increase of lignin content,and enhances the ability of defense against diseases	有利食用安全Contributes to food safety	拮抗菌环境适应力差 Poor environmental adaptability	田世平等,2011;Vanholme et al.,2012;Dukare et al.,2019;Kumar et al.,2020