茶树根系吸收硒的生理特性研究

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0784

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

茶树具有较强的富硒能力,但其吸收硒的生理特性仍不明确。以‘中茶108’茶树品种为研究对象,探究pH、培养时间、硒浓度以及能量代谢、水通道蛋白、离子通道抑制剂对茶树根系摄取硒酸盐和亚硒酸盐的影响。pH试验结果表明,茶树根系对亚硒酸盐的吸收速率随着pH升高而降低,在pH 3.0时最高,在pH 4.0 ~ 7.0间保持稳定。不同处理时间试验表明,茶树根系对亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐的摄取均存在累积效应,根系总硒含量在亚硒酸盐处理下随培养时间的增加而显著递增,在硒酸盐处理下随培养时间的增加呈现先上升后降低的趋势。不同硒浓度的试验表明,茶树根系对硒酸盐和亚硒酸盐的吸收速率与硒浓度之间存在线性正相关,且对亚硒酸盐的吸收速率显著高于硒酸盐。为明确茶树根系吸收硒酸盐和亚硒酸盐的途径,在pH 5.0,硒浓度5 μmol · L^-1培养条件下进行抑制剂添加试验。结果表明,能量代谢抑制剂CCCP和DNP,以及水通道蛋白抑制剂AgNO₃均能显著抑制茶树根系对硒酸盐和亚硒酸盐的吸收,说明硒酸盐和亚硒酸盐进入茶树体内依赖于能量代谢参与的主动运输以及水通道蛋白运输。阴离子通道抑制剂NPPB显著抑制茶树根系对亚硒酸盐的吸收,但并不影响对硒酸盐的吸收,表明阴离子通道也是亚硒酸盐进入茶树体内的途径之一。

关键词: 茶树, 硒酸盐, 亚硒酸盐, pH, 抑制剂, 吸收速率

Abstract:

The tea plants（Camellia sinensis）have a strong Se-enriching capacity,however,the physiological characteristics of Se uptake are still unclear. In this study,the effects of solution pH,cultivation time,Se concentrations and the energy metabolism/aquaporin/anion-channel inhibitors on selenate and selenite uptake in the roots of ‘Zhongcha 108’were investigated. The results of pH treatments found that the uptake rate of selenite decreased with the increase of pH. The uptake rate of selenate reached the highest at pH 3.0,and remained stable from pH 4.0 to pH 7.0,with no significant difference. Time-course analysis showed that there was a cumulative effect on the uptake of selenite and selenate by tea plant roots. The total Se content in roots increased significantly with the increase of cultivation time under selenite treatment,while showed a trend of increase first and then decreased under selenate treatment. Under different Se concentration treatments,there was a linear positive correlation between the uptake rate of Se and the solution Se concentration. The uptake rate of selenite was significantly higher than that of selenate. To investigate the pathways via which the selenate and selenite uptake of tea plant root,inhibitors treatments were carried out under pH 5.0 and 5 μmol · L^-1Se conditions. The results showed that both of selenate and selenite uptake of tea plant roots were inhibited significantly by the energy metabolism inhibitors of CCCP and DNP and the aquaporin inhibitor of AgNO₃,indicating that the uptake of selenate and selenite were energy-dependent and aquaporins-mediated processes. The uptake rate of selenite was inhibited by NPPB,however,the uptake rate of selenate was not affected by NPPB,indicating that the anion-channel was also the pathway for selenite uptake in tea plant root.

Key words: tea plant, selenate, selenite, pH, inhibitor, uptake rate

中图分类号:

S571.1

郭丽娜, 王璐, 郝心愿, 祁蒙, 李晓嫚, 王新超, 曾建明. 茶树根系吸收硒的生理特性研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(9): 1967-1976.

GUO Lina, WANG Lu, HAO Xinyuan, QI Meng, LI Xiaoman, WANG Xinchao, ZENG Jianming. Physiological Characteristics of Selenium Uptake in Tea Plant Root[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(9): 1967-1976.

图/表 4

图1 营养液pH对茶树根吸收亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐的影响 Na2SeO3和Na2SeO4处理的统计分析独立进行,不同小写字母代表在0.05水平上差异显著。下同。

Fig. 1 Uptake of selenite and selenate by roots of tea plants in response to different pH levels The statistical analyses of Na2SeO3 and Na2SeO4 treatments were independent,different small letters represent significant differences at 0.05 level. The same below.

图2 不同培养时间对茶树根累积硒的影响

Fig. 2 Accumulation of selenium by roots of tea plants at different times

图3 不同硒浓度下茶树根对亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐的吸收速率误差线表示4个生物学重复的标准偏差。

Fig. 3 Uptake of selenite and selenate by roots of tea plants at various Se concentrations The error bars represent the standard deviation of four replicates.

图4 能量代谢抑制剂、水通道蛋白抑制剂和离子通道抑制剂对茶树根吸收硒的影响不同小写字母代表在0.05水平上差异显著。

Fig. 4 Uptake of selenium by roots of tea plants at energy metabolism inhibitors,the aquaporin inhibitor and anion-channel inhibitor Different small letters represent significant differences at 0.05 level.

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