马铃薯与枸杞嫁接愈合过程的解剖学观察

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0198

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示马铃薯与枸杞嫁接愈合过程,采用石蜡切片技术对马铃薯/枸杞嫁接植株进行解剖学观察。结果显示:马铃薯/枸杞嫁接植株生长旺盛,可完成整个生育进程。马铃薯/枸杞嫁接愈合过程可分为4个阶段:（1）隔离层产生期,嫁接5 d后,嫁接接口处产生隔离层;（2）愈伤组织形成期,嫁接9 d后,隔离层细胞脱分化,最后形成愈伤组织;（3）愈伤组织分化期,嫁接13 d后,愈伤组织分化,形成愈伤组织桥;（4）新的维管组织形成期,嫁接17 d后,形成新的韧皮部和木质部及维管束桥,使砧木和接穗完全结合,愈合过程结束。

关键词: 马铃薯, 枸杞, 石蜡切片, 嫁接愈合

Abstract:

In order to reveal the graft union process between potato and wolfberry,anatomical observation of potato/wolfberry grafting system was carried out using paraffin section technique. The results showed that the potato/wolfberry grafting system grew vigorously and could complete the entire reproductive process. The union process of potato/wolfberry grafting could be divided into four stages:(1) isolation layer generation period,5 d after grafting,an isolation layer was formed at the grafting interface;(2) callus formation period,9 d after grafting,the isolation layer cells dedifferentiated,finally callus was formed;(3) callus differentiation stage,13 d after grafting,the callus differentiated,forming callus bridge;(4) new vascular tissue formation period,17 d after grafting,new phloem,xylem and vascular bundle bridges were formed which made the rootstock and scion fully combined,and the union process was finished.

Key words: potato, wolfberry, paraffin section, grafting union

中图分类号:

S532

祁利潘, 李越, 王磊, 冯琰, 王宽, 尹江, 郭华春. 马铃薯与枸杞嫁接愈合过程的解剖学观察[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(4): 868-874.

QI Lipan, LI Yue, WANG Lei, FENG Yan, WANG Kuan, YIN Jiang, GUO Huachun. Anatomical Observation on the Graft Union Between Potato and Wolfberry[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(4): 868-874.

图/表 7

图1 取样示意图

Fig. 1 Sampling diagram

图2 马铃薯与枸杞嫁接后生长形态 1:嫁接后1 d;2:嫁接成活;3:嫁接伤口愈合;4:接穗产生气生薯;5:接穗基部长出芽茎; 6:接穗节间变短;7:接穗开花;8:受精子房膨大。

Fig. 2 Observation of growth morphology of potato after grafting with wolfberry 1:Grafting for 1 d;2:The leaves of grafted plants became larger;3:Grafted plants union;4:Scion grow aerial potatoes;5:Budding stem in the scion base;6:Scion internodes became shorter;7:Scion flowering;8:Enlarged fertilized ovary.

图3 枸杞茎和马铃薯茎显微结构 Ep:表皮;Pd:周皮;Ph:韧皮部;Xy:木质部;Co:厚角组织;Pi:髓;Si T:筛管;Ph P:韧皮部薄壁细胞;Pi R:髓射线;V:导管。

Fig. 3 Microstructure of wolfberry stem and potato stem Ep:epidermis;Pd:pericyte;Ph:phloem;Xy:xylem;Co:Collenchyma;Pi:pith;Si T:Sieve tube;Ph P:phloem parenchyma cells;Pi R:Pith rays;V:Vessels.

图4 嫁接5 d后,接口处显微结构 St:砧木;Sc:接穗;IL:隔离层。

Fig. 4 Microstructure at the grafting interface after 5d of grafting St:Rootstock;Sc:Scion;IL:Isolation layer.

图5 嫁接9 d后,嫁接接口处显微结构 Xy:木质部;Ci:愈伤组织;Ph:韧皮部;St:砧木;Sc:接穗。

Fig. 5 Microstructure at the grafting interface after grafting for 9 d Xy:Xylem;Ci:Callus;Ph:Phloem;St:Rootstock;Sc:Scion.

图6 嫁接13 d后,嫁接口处显微结构 Xy:木质部;Ci:愈伤组织;Ph:韧皮部;Ca:形成层;St:砧木;Sc:接穗。

Fig. 6 Microstructure at the grafting interface after grafting for 13 d Xy:Xylem;Ci:Callus;Ph:Phloem;Ca:Cambium;St:Rootstock;Sc:Scion.

图7 嫁接17 d后,嫁接口处显微结构 Scx:接穗木质部;Vb:维管束桥;Stp:砧木韧皮部;Xy:木质部;Ph:韧皮部;Ca:形成层;Pi:髓。

Fig. 7 Microstructure at grafting interface after grafting for 17 d Scx:Scion xylem;Vb:Vascular bundle bridge;Stp:Rootstock phloem;Xy:Xylem;Ph:Phloem;Ca:Cambium;Pi:Pith.

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