花香挥发性苯/苯丙素类化合物的生物合成及基因调控研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0549

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

花香挥发性苯/苯丙素类化合物（floral volatile benzenoids/phenylpropanoids,FVBP）是植物花香挥发性有机化合物（volatile organic compounds,VOC）成分中仅次于萜烯类的第二大类,是植物与环境及其他生物间的信息传递载体,具有吸引传粉昆虫,防御病原体、寄生虫侵害以及作为生物或非生物胁迫免疫信号等作用。本文对观赏花卉中FVBP的生物合成与释放、功能和调控机制、相关酶和基因的研究进展进行了综述和展望。

关键词: 观赏植物, 花, 挥发性苯/苯丙素类化合物, 生物合成与释放, 功能和调控机制

Abstract:

Floral volatile benzenoids/phenylpropanoids（FVBPs）are the second largest class of plant volatile organic compounds（VOCs）. By serving as biological or abiotic stress signals,FVBPs facilitate interactions between flowers and their environments. FVBPs attract pollinators and natural enemies of herbivores. They also help to protect plants from pathogens,parasites and herbivores. In this review,we largely focused on the genes that encode the enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of FVBPs,the regulation of FVBP biosynthesis and release,and functions of FVBPs in ornamental flowers.

Key words: ornamental plant, flower, volatile benzenoids/phenylpropanoid, biosynthesis and release, functions and regulation

中图分类号:

谯正林, 胡慧贞, 鄢波, 陈龙清. 花香挥发性苯/苯丙素类化合物的生物合成及基因调控研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2021, 48(9): 1815-1826.

QIAO Zhenglin, HU Huizhen, YAN Bo, CHEN Longqing. Advances of Researches on Biosynthesis and Regulation of Floral Volatile Benzenoids/Phenylpropanoids[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(9): 1815-1826.

图/表 2

图1 苯丙氨酸的合成途径及转录调控 ADH：预苯胺酸脱氢酶（Arogenate dehydrogenase）;ADT：预苯胺酸脱水酶（Arogenate dehydratase）;AS：邻氨基苯甲酸合成酶（Anthranilate synthase）;CM1：分支酸变位酶1（Chorismate mutase 1）;CM2：分支酸变位酶2（Chorismate mutase 2）;CS：分支酸合成酶（Chorismate synthase）;DAHP：3-脱氧-D-阿拉伯庚酮糖酸-7-磷酸合成酶（3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase）;EPSP：5-醇式丙酮酰莽草酸-3-磷酸（5-enolpyruvyl-3-shikimate phosphate）;HPP-AT：4-羟苯丙酸转氨酶（4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate aminotransferase）;PDH：预苯酸脱氢酶（Prephenate dehydrogenase）;PDT：预苯酸脱水酶（Prephenate dehydratase）;PPA-AT：预苯酸转氨酶（Prephenate aminotransferase）;SDC：水杨酸盐脱羧酶（Salicylate decarboxylase）;SK：莽草酸激酶（Shikimate kinase）;TPL：酪氨酸酚裂合酶（Tyrosine phenol lyase）.

Fig. 1 Regulation and synthesis pathway of Phe Maeda et al.,2010;Maeda & Dudareva,2012;Tzin et al.,2012;Dudareva et al.,2013;Widhalm et al.,2015a;Oliva et al.,2017;Qian et al.,2019.

图2 FVBP的合成途径及转录调控（改绘自Dudareva et al.,2013） 4CL：4-香豆酰辅酶A连接酶（4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase）;AAE：酰基活化酶（Acyl-activating enzyme）;BA2H：苯甲酸2-羟化酶（Benzoic acid 2-hydroxylase）;BAMT：苯甲酸羧基位甲基转移酶（Benzoic acid carboxyl methyl transferase）;BEAT：苯甲醇乙酰转移酶（Acetyl-CoA benzylalcohol acetyltransferase）;BPBT：苯甲醇/苯乙醇苯甲酰转移酶（Benzoyl-CoA：benzylalcohol/2-phenylethanol benzoyltransferase）;C3H：对香豆酸-3-羟化酶（P-coumarate-3-hydroxylase）;CAD：肉桂醇脱氢酶（Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase）;CAR：羧酸还原酶（Carboxylic-acid reductase）;CCMT：肉桂酸羧基位甲基转移酶（Cinnamic acid carboxyl methyl transferase）;CCoAHD：苯甲酰辅酶A水合酶/裂合酶（Cinnamoyl-CoA hydratase/lyase）;CCoAOMT：咖啡酰辅酶A3邻甲基转移酶（Caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltransferase）;CFAT：松柏醇酰基转移酶（Coniferyl alcohol acetatyltransferase）;CHD：肉桂酰辅酶A水解酶（Cinnamoyl-CoA hydratasedehydrogenase）;CNL：肉桂酰辅酶A连接酶（Cinnamoyl-CoA ligase）;CoA：辅酶A（Coenzyme A）;EGS：丁香酚合成酶（Eugenol synthase）;IEMT：（异）丁香酚-O-甲基转移酶[（iso）eugenol-O-methyltransferase];KAT：3-酮酰基辅酶A硫解酶（3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase）;COMT：咖啡酸邻-甲基转移酶（Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase）;PAL：苯丙氨酸裂解酶（Phenylalanine ammonia lyase）;PAR：苯乙醛还原酶（Phenylacetaldehyde reductase）;SAMT：水杨酸羧基位甲基转移酶（Salicylic acid carboxyl methyl transferase）;TE1：硫酯酶1（Thioesterase1）。

Fig. 2 Regulation and synthesis pathway of FVBPs（modified from Dudareva et al.,2013） Raguso et al.,1996;Dudareva et al.,2000;Kolosova et al.,2001;Negre et al.,2003;Verdonk et al.,2003;Boatright et al.,2004;Orlova et al.,2006;Koeduka et al.,2006;Dexter et al.,2007;Kapteyn et al.,2007;Moerkercke et al.,2009;Colquhoun et al.,2012;Klempien et al.,2012;Spitzer-Rimon et al.,2012;Dudareva et al.,2013;Widhalm et al.,2015a;Shaipulah et al.,2016;Sas et al.,2016;Adebesin et al.,2018;Roccia et al.,2019;Kim et al.,2019.

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