蜂窝型切花菊观赏性状综合评价与筛选

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0225

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对54个大花蜂窝型切花菊株系,以株高、节间长、茎粗、茎充实度、叶长、叶宽、叶柄角度、花径、花高/花径、舌状花数和管状花数共11个观赏性状作为评价因子,利用层次分析法建立综合评价体系,并开展株系的筛选。研究确定了各性状的权重值,其中花高/花径影响最大,权重为0.241,其次是舌状花数和管状花数,权重为0.155和0.111。通过K-Means聚类分析将54个株系分为3个等级,优13个,占24.07%;良30个,占55.56%;差11个,占20.37%。通过层次分析法及K-Means聚类分析可以有效地对蜂窝型切花菊株系观赏性状进行综合评价,并选出符合育种目标的优良后代,为新品种选育提供重要材料。

关键词: 菊, 切花菊, 杂种F₁代, 层次分析法, 形态性状, 综合评价

Abstract:

In order to establish a comprehensive evaluation system for 54 large-flowered pompon type cut chrysanthemum lines,11 ornamental traits including plant height, internode length,stem diameter,stem filling degree,leaf length,leaf width,angle of leaf petiole,flower diameter,ratio of flower height vs flower diameter,ray florets number and tubular florets number were employed. The result showed that the ratio of flower height vs flower diameter is of the highest weight value,i.e.,0.241,which has the greatest influence on the pompon flower type,followed by number of ray flowers with a weight value of 0.155,and number of tubular flowers with a weight value of 0.111. K-Means cluster analysis showed that the 54 F₁ lines could be divided into 3 grades,i.e.,13 superior lines,30 good lines,and 11 poor lines,which accounted for 24.07%,55.56% and 20.37%,respectively,of the evaluated plant lines. The analytic hierarchy process and K-Means cluster analysis are effective in evaluating the ornamental performance of F₁ progeny of pompon type cut chrysanthemum,as well as to select excellent offsprings that meet breeding goals. The present study would provide valuable plant materials for the development of new pompon type cut chrysanthemum varieties.

Key words: chrysanthemum, cut flower, F₁ hybrid, analytic hierarchy process, morphological characters, comprehensive evaluation

中图分类号:

S682.1⁺1

李仙梅, 陈发棣, 张飞, 陈素梅, 管志勇, 房伟民. 蜂窝型切花菊观赏性状综合评价与筛选[J]. 园艺学报, 2021, 48(1): 107-116.

LI Xianmei, CHEN Fadi, ZHANG Fei, CHEN Sumei, GUAN Zhiyong, FANG Weimin. Comprehensive Evaluation of Ornamental Traits and Selection of Pompon Type Cut Chrysanthemum[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(1): 107-116.

图/表 7

参考文献 24

[1]	Bao Yu-heng, Bi Xiao-ying. 2018. Establishment of evaluation system for ornamental traits of new cut gerbera cultivars and screening of superior varieties. Northern Horticulture,(16):126-132. (in Chinese)
	包宇珩, 毕晓颖. 2018. 非洲菊切花新品种观赏性状评价体系建立及良种筛选. 北方园艺,(16):126-132.
[2]	Cao Mao-lin. 2012. Analytic hierarchy process to determine evaluation index weights and Excel calculation. Jiangsu Science & Technology Information,(2):39-40. (in Chinese)
	曹茂林. 2012. 层次分析法确定评价指标权重及Excel计算. 江苏科技信息,(2):39-40.
[3]	Fan Hong-hong, Xu Ting-ting, Su Jiang-shuo, Sun Wei, Chong Xin-ran, Guan Zhi-yong, Fang Wei-min, Chen Fa-di, Zhang Fei. 2019. Identification of SNP alleles and candidate genes for cold tolerance of cut chrysanthemum. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 46(11):2201-2212. (in Chinese)
	范宏虹, 徐婷婷, 苏江硕, 孙炜, 种昕冉, 管志勇, 房伟民, 陈发棣, 张飞. 2019. 切花菊耐寒性相关SNP位点挖掘与候选基因分析. 园艺学报, 46(11):2201-2212.
[4]	Feng Chao. 2007. Research on K-means clustering algorithm[M. D. Dissertation]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology. (in Chinese)
	冯超. 2007. K-means聚类算法的研究[硕士论文]. 大连:大连理工大学.
[5]	Gao Kang, Song Xue-shan, Dai Si-lan, Ji Yu-shan, Wang Shuo. 2016. AHP-Based screening of traditional chrysanthemum hybrid F₁for new variety// Advances in Ornamental Horticulture of China. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House: 127-133. (in Chinese)
	高康, 宋雪杉, 戴思兰, 季玉山, 王朔. 2016. 基于AHP法的大菊杂种F₁代新品种筛选//中国观赏园艺研究进展. 北京: 中国林业出版社: 127-133.
[6]	Guo Zhi-gang, Zhang Wei. 2000. Chrysanthemum. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House: 13-20. (in Chinese)
	郭志刚, 张伟. 2000. 菊花. 北京: 中国林业出版社: 13-20.
[7]	Han Yong, Chen Fa-di, Fang Wei-min, Chen Su-mei, Ye Yan-ping, Yao Jian-jun, Liu Zhao-lei, Guan Zhi-yong, Wang Chun-xin, Shi Chang-lei. 2011a. A synthetic system established for assessing the quality of standard cut chrysanthemum. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 34(5):32-36. (in Chinese)
	韩勇, 陈发棣, 房伟民, 陈素梅, 叶燕萍, 姚建军, 刘兆磊, 管志勇, 王春昕, 石常磊. 2011a. 单头切花菊品质性状综合评价体系构建. 南京农业大学学报, 34(5):32-36.
[8]	Han Yong, Ye Yan-ping, Chen Fa-di, Fang Wei-min, Chen Su-mei, Yao Jian-jun, Guan Zhi-yong, Wang Chun-xin. 2011b. Establishment of synthetic assessing system for the quality of spray cut chrysanthemum. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 44(20):4265-4271. (in Chinese)
	韩勇, 叶燕萍, 陈发棣, 房伟民, 陈素梅, 姚建军, 管志勇, 王春昕. 2011b. 多头切花菊品质性状综合评价体系构建. 中国农业科学, 44(20):4265-4271.
[9]	He Zhen. 2015. Studies on evaluation of standard cut flower chrysanthemum branching characteristics and heredity analysis[M. D. Dissertation]. Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University. (in Chinese)
	何臻. 2015. 标准切花菊分枝特性评价及其遗传分析[硕士论文]. 南京:南京农业大学.
[10]	Li Na-na, Dai Si-lan. 2010. Breeding research progress on cut chrysanthemum. North Horticulture,(17):224-228. (in Chinese)
	李娜娜, 戴思兰. 2010. 我国切花菊育种研究进展. 北方园艺,(17):224-228.
[11]	Li Na-na, Bai Xin-xiang, Chen Long-tao, Dai Si-lan. 2011. Research progress on prevention technology of cut chrysanthemum. Guizhou Agricultural Sciences, 39(3):182-187,191. (in Chinese)
	李娜娜, 白新祥, 陈龙涛, 戴思兰. 2011. 切花菊保鲜技术研究进展. 贵州农业科学, 39(3):182-187,191.
[12]	Li Na-na, Zhang De-ping, Zhu Yi, Dai Si-lan. 2012. A study on the primary selection of single flower cutting chrysanthemum hybrid F₁ using analytic hierchy process. Journal of Northwest A & F University（Natural Science Edition）, 40(2):129-135. (in Chinese)
	李娜娜, 张德平, 朱珺, 戴思兰. 2012. 利用层次分析法初选单头切花菊杂种F₁代优良单株的研究. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 40(2):129-135.
[13]	Luo C, Chen D, Cheng X, Liu H, Li Y, Huang C L. 2018. SSR analysis of genetic relationship and classification in chrysanthemum germplasm collection. Horticultural Plant Journal, 4(2):73-82. doi: 10.1016/j.hpj.2018.01.003 URL
[14]	Ma Wan-ru, Fang Wei-min, Wang Hai-bin, Zhang Fei, Chen Su-mei, Chen Fa-di, Guan Zhi-yong. 2019. Establishment of appraisal system for the stem and branch characteristics and varieties evaluation of spray cut chrysanthemum. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 52(14):2515-2524. (in Chinese)
	马婉茹, 房伟民, 王海滨, 张飞, 陈素梅, 陈发棣, 管志勇. 2019. 多头切花菊品种茎、枝特性评价体系构建与品种评价. 中国农业科学, 52(14):2515-2524.
[15]	Saaty T L. 1990. How to make a decision:the analytic hierarchy process. European Journal of Operational Research, 48:9-26. doi: 10.1016/0377-2217(90)90057-I URL
[16]	Sari B, Sen T, Kilic S E. 2008. Ahp model for the selection of partner companies in virtual enterprises. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 38(3-4):367-376. doi: 10.1007/s00170-007-1097-6 URL
[17]	Shan Ping. 2014. Breeding of white standard chrysanthemum for cutting[M. D. Dissertation]. Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University. (in Chinese)
	单萍. 2014. 白色单头切花菊新品种的选育[硕士论文]. 南京:南京农业大学.
[18]	Shi Feng-lin. 2017. Collected assessment and breeding of color and standard cut chrysanthemum[M. D. Dissertation]. Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University. (in Chinese)
	史峰霖. 2017. 彩色标准型切花菊品种收集评价与选育[硕士论文]. 南京:南京农业大学.
[19]	Wang Lei, Zhang Ying-jie, Zhang Jing-wei, Liu Xue-qing, Song Yi-lan, Ren Qian-qian, Sun Ji-xia. 2019. Analysis of variety resources and comprehensive evaluation of ornamental value in 53 Chinese rose. Molecular Plant Breeding, 17(15):5154-5162. (in Chinese)
	王镭, 张英杰, 张京伟, 刘学庆, 宋一岚, 任倩倩, 孙纪霞. 2019. 53个月季品种资源分析及观赏性综合评价. 分子植物育种, 17(15):5154-5162.
[20]	Wang Jiang-min, Zhang Jian-hua, Yi Ming-fang, Liu Yan-fang, Qu Yun-hui, Xue Jian-ping, Yin Chang-sheng, Hao Jing-hui, Yang Kun, Guan Jun-jiao, Wang Jian-jun, Yang Xia-hong, Huang Qing-mei, Zhang Peng, Zhang Hui. 2018. Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness,uniformity and stability—Chrysanthemum. Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China,GB/T 19557. 19-2018. (in Chinese)
	王江民, 张建华, 义鸣放, 刘艳芳, 屈云惠, 薛建平, 殷长生, 郝京辉, 杨坤, 管俊娇, 王建军, 杨晓洪, 黄清梅, 张鹏, 张惠. 2018. 植物品种特异性、一致性和稳定性测试指南——菊花. 中华人民共和国农业部,GB/T 19557. 19-2018.
[21]	Xie H L, Zhang L, Lim C P, Yu Y L, Liu C Y, Liu H, Walters J. 2019. Improving K-means clustering with enhanced Firefly Algorithms. Applied Soft Computing Journal, 84.
[22]	Ye Dan, Lu Zhao-wen, Su Jiang-shuo, Guan Zhi-yong, Fang Wei-min, Chen Fa-di, Zhang Fei. 2020. Association analysis and QTL mapping for vase life of cut chrysanthemum. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 47(4):717-724. (in Chinese)
	叶丹, 卢昭文, 苏江硕, 管志勇, 房伟民, 陈发棣, 张飞. 2020. 切花菊瓶插寿命的关联分析与QTL定位. 园艺学报, 47(4):717-724.
[23]	Zhang Shu-lin, Dai Si-lan. 2013. The complete book of Chinese chrysanthemums. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House: 80-88. (in Chinese)
	张树林, 戴思兰. 2013. 中国菊花全书. 北京: 中国林业出版社: 80-88.
[24]	Zhu De-ning, Han Yu, Fang Wei-min, Chen Fa-di, Chen Su-mei, Deng Bo, Guan Zhi-yong. 2018. Studies on the quality evaluation and variety selection of multi-flower garden chrysanthemum. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 41(2):266-274. (in Chinese)
	朱德宁, 韩宇, 房伟民, 陈发棣, 陈素梅, 邓波, 管志勇. 2018. 多花型园林小菊品质评价与品种筛选. 南京农业大学学报, 41(2):266-274.

Z目标层 Target layer	C约束层 Constraint layer	P标准层 Standard layer
蜂窝型切花菊F₁代株系观赏性状综合评价 Comprehensive evaluation of ornamental traits of F₁ lines of pompon type cut chrysanthemum	C1整体感 Integral sense	P1株高Plant height
	C1整体感 Integral sense	P2节间长Internode length
	C2茎部性状 Stem characters	P3茎粗Stem diameter
	C2茎部性状 Stem characters	P4茎充实度 Stem fullness
	C3叶部性状 Leaf characters	P5叶长Leaf length
		P6叶宽Leaf width
		P7叶柄角度 Angle of petiole
	C4花部性状 Flower characters	P8花径Flower diameter
		P9 花高/花径Flower height/flower diameter
		P10 舌状花数 Ray flower number
		P11 管状花数 Tubular flower number

Z目标层 Target layer	C约束层 Constraint layer	P标准层 Standard layer
蜂窝型切花菊F₁代株系观赏性状综合评价 Comprehensive evaluation of ornamental traits of F₁ lines of pompon type cut chrysanthemum	C1整体感 Integral sense	P1株高Plant height
	C1整体感 Integral sense	P2节间长Internode length
	C2茎部性状 Stem characters	P3茎粗Stem diameter
	C2茎部性状 Stem characters	P4茎充实度 Stem fullness
	C3叶部性状 Leaf characters	P5叶长Leaf length
		P6叶宽Leaf width
		P7叶柄角度 Angle of petiole
	C4花部性状 Flower characters	P8花径Flower diameter
		P9 花高/花径Flower height/flower diameter
		P10 舌状花数 Ray flower number
		P11 管状花数 Tubular flower number

Z-(C1,...,C4)					C1-(P1,P2)			C2-(P3,P4)			C3-(P5,...,P7)				C4-(P8,...,P11)
Z	C1	C2	C3	C4	C1	P1	P2	C2	P3	P4	C3	P5	P6	P7	C4	P8	P9	P10	P11
C1	1	2	1	1/5	P1	1	2	P3	1	1	P5	1	1	1/2	P8	1	1/3	1/2	1/2
C2	1/2	1	1/2	1/5	P2	1/2	1	P4	1	1	P6	1	1	1/3	P9	3	1	2	2
C3	1	2	1	1/3							P7	2	3	1	P10	2	1/2	1	2
C4	5	5	3	1											P11	2	1/2	1/2	1
λ = 4.05,C.I. = 0.02, C.R.= 0.02					λ= 2,C.I. = 0, C.R.= 0			λ = 2,C.I.= 0, C.R.= 0			λ = 3.02,C.I.= 0.01, C.R.= 0.01				λ = 4.07,C.I.= 0.02, C.R.= 0.03

Z-(C1,...,C4)					C1-(P1,P2)			C2-(P3,P4)			C3-(P5,...,P7)				C4-(P8,...,P11)
Z	C1	C2	C3	C4	C1	P1	P2	C2	P3	P4	C3	P5	P6	P7	C4	P8	P9	P10	P11
C1	1	2	1	1/5	P1	1	2	P3	1	1	P5	1	1	1/2	P8	1	1/3	1/2	1/2
C2	1/2	1	1/2	1/5	P2	1/2	1	P4	1	1	P6	1	1	1/3	P9	3	1	2	2
C3	1	2	1	1/3							P7	2	3	1	P10	2	1/2	1	2
C4	5	5	3	1											P11	2	1/2	1/2	1
λ = 4.05,C.I. = 0.02, C.R.= 0.02					λ= 2,C.I. = 0, C.R.= 0			λ = 2,C.I.= 0, C.R.= 0			λ = 3.02,C.I.= 0.01, C.R.= 0.01				λ = 4.07,C.I.= 0.02, C.R.= 0.03

株系 Strain	株高/ cm Plant height	节间长/ cm Internode length	茎粗/ mm Stem diameter	叶长/ cm Leaf length	叶宽/ cm Leaf width	叶柄角度/° Angle of petiole	花径/mm Flower diameter	花高/ mm Flower height	花高/花径 Flower height/ Flower diameter	舌状花数 Ray flower number	管状花数 Tubular flower number
H1-6	73.1	3.4	3.80	8.7	7.0	47.8	73.75	40.44	0.55	418	21
H2-5	84.0	3.4	4.56	10.3	7.7	44.4	60.47	28.60	0.47	288	74
H4-3	61.4	2.7	4.05	9.2	6.5	47.2	57.98	39.38	0.68	264	3
H6-2	76.1	3.3	3.68	8.1	6.3	52.2	60.18	39.18	0.65	355	12
H6-3	82.2	3.8	4.51	10.5	8.6	43.3	76.17	39.42	0.52	267	37
H7-3	82.7	3.1	3.91	8.0	5.8	48.3	65.95	35.95	0.55	316	10
H7-4	73.4	3.5	4.17	9.0	7.0	42.8	68.09	44.54	0.65	388	10
H7-6	83.7	3.5	4.43	8.6	7.2	51.7	62.92	35.62	0.57	282	319
H9-4	74.9	4.1	4.01	8.8	8.0	47.8	64.98	39.55	0.61	342	6
H10-1	75.9	3.4	4.22	9.4	7.6	50.0	65.55	39.62	0.60	331	9
H10-3	90.7	3.2	4.34	9.7	6.3	53.9	53.15	46.87	0.88	815	98
H12-1	88.6	3.2	4.26	10.1	8.2	40.6	62.14	55.30	0.89	816	30
H13-2	68.6	2.8	3.64	8.3	6.3	54.4	58.48	36.35	0.62	369	10
H15-6	64.6	3.3	3.84	9.9	7.5	44.4	66.36	38.88	0.59	232	7
H16-3	68.8	3.2	3.90	7.5	6.3	63.3	57.16	39.71	0.69	379	16
H21-5	54.0	2.6	3.24	7.2	5.6	57.2	62.05	24.79	0.40	283	6
H23-5	70.0	2.7	3.91	7.0	5.4	56.7	68.81	36.39	0.53	207	21
H23-6	79.0	2.9	4.02	8.9	7.1	56.1	56.52	25.94	0.56	290	1
H24-6	66.7	2.4	4.10	8.2	6.7	62.2	64.27	43.00	0.67	330	13
H25-1	81.7	3.3	4.11	9.5	7.2	48.9	59.77	46.83	0.78	704	50
H27-2	87.1	3.2	4.53	9.9	7.4	58.9	70.13	42.06	0.60	363	4
H27-4	80.7	3.6	3.92	9.2	6.9	55.0	66.97	27.44	0.41	253	15
H28-5	84.0	3.0	3.84	8.7	7.8	47.8	58.43	38.54	0.66	298	4
H29-4	77.1	2.9	4.40	9.6	7.5	55.0	73.63	40.44	0.55	275	12
H31-1	79.4	3.0	4.46	9.5	6.1	51.7	72.45	40.35	0.56	340	23
H37-3	74.5	3.7	4.14	9.1	6.6	60.0	60.91	38.79	0.64	342	1
株系 Strain	株高/ cm Plant height	节间长/ cm Internode length	茎粗/ mm Stem diameter	叶长/ cm Leaf length	叶宽/ cm Leaf width	叶柄角度/° Angle of petiole	花径/mm Flower diameter	花高/ mm Flower height	花高/花径 Flower height/ Flower diameter	舌状花数 Ray flower number	管状花数 Tubular flower number
H38-3	73.2	3.0	4.52	10.5	8.0	43.9	62.53	44.05	0.70	284	27
H38-6	66.4	2.1	3.98	6.8	4.7	51.7	66.00	52.09	0.79	319	8
H39-6	79.5	3.0	4.50	10.0	7.0	53.3	62.09	44.48	0.72	404	28
H44-1	83.4	3.9	4.12	9.8	7.7	53.9	68.43	55.93	0.82	416	22
H47-1	82.5	3.4	3.71	9.9	7.5	57.8	67.59	37.25	0.55	281	1
H47-5	69.7	2.5	4.22	8.1	5.6	50.0	69.59	42.17	0.61	203	9
H53-6	72.9	3.7	4.08	10.3	8.6	42.2	63.03	49.86	0.79	362	39
H54-1	76.4	3.4	4.42	9.9	8.7	52.2	60.66	41.04	0.68	352	3
H55-4	61.2	2.8	4.41	9.6	7.6	46.7	64.53	42.27	0.65	325	21
H56-6	70.7	2.9	3.82	8.4	7.1	49.4	70.90	53.08	0.75	279	5
H57-1	94.9	3.1	4.29	10.8	7.5	48.9	76.46	50.49	0.66	312	2
H59-5	39.6	2.3	3.92	6.9	5.3	51.7	55.82	42.01	0.75	310	2
H60-1	91.0	3.6	4.41	9.1	6.7	59.4	65.27	43.20	0.66	336	10
H63-1	49.4	2.7	3.33	6.4	5.7	54.4	51.67	32.65	0.63	461	107
H64-3	69.8	3.2	3.70	8.1	6.1	58.9	63.44	34.35	0.54	291	2
A1-4	79.2	3.2	3.97	8.2	6.3	48.3	68.43	52.79	0.77	473	89
A2-1	72.6	2.8	4.46	8.5	6.4	48.3	62.40	43.61	0.70	236	43
A3-3	76.5	2.3	5.49	9.3	7.0	49.4	68.69	58.91	0.86	538	0
B2-2	82.4	3.1	4.05	8.9	6.3	50.6	70.18	46.97	0.67	317	4
B2-4	70.0	2.5	3.89	8.2	5.6	45.0	62.77	41.99	0.67	312	2
C2-14	62.4	2.4	4.20	7.9	6.6	47.8	58.42	43.76	0.75	315	8
C2-21	52.6	1.6	3.58	6.3	4.1	51.7	68.32	49.72	0.73	326	27
HF3	58.5	2.6	4.08	7.3	5.9	51.7	54.46	42.90	0.79	380	3
HF7	76.0	3.1	3.43	7.2	5.9	47.8	55.56	29.30	0.53	294	0
HF8	96.9	4.5	3.88	10.2	7.3	56.7	60.01	39.09	0.65	320	0
HF9	71.5	3.3	3.66	7.7	5.8	46.1	52.00	37.51	0.72	298	5
HF11	58.9	3.4	4.01	8.0	8.0	48.3	63.81	49.35	0.77	405	9
BZ6	51.1	3.1	3.67	6.0	6.2	60.0	57.55	44.23	0.77	365	18
均值 Mean	73.56	3.09	4.07	8.73	6.78	51.25	63.48	41.65	0.66	352.98	24.19
中值 Median	74.70	3.10	4.05	8.85	6.80	51.15	63.24	41.52	0.66	322.50	10.00