关键词: 桃, 李, 杏, 远缘杂交, 胚抢救, SSR

Abstract: Some interspecific hybrids were obtained after hybridization of Prunus persica with treated
pollens from P. armeniaca and P. salicina, then the hybrid embryos were successfully rescued, and a molecu
lar identification wasmade in part of the hybrids. The results showed that the hybrid embryo abortion started
from the 7 th or 8 th week after pollination in cross when used the Yuhualu or Zhonghua Shoutao as the female
parent. The cultivarswith different durations for fruit development and the ages of hybrid embryos have great
effects on the rate of embryo germination and growth. At the same age (when the PF value was around 0.5) ,
the late peach cultivar Zhonghua Shoutao acquired more than 50% of embryo germination rate, but the early
peach cultivar Yuhualu gave only 6.7% of it. Treatment of male parent pollen in the electrostatic field at an
app rop riate dosage imp roved the efficiency of bud inducement and multip lication, but treatment with ⁶⁰Coγ
ray reduced the efficiency and p roduced weak buds. For rescuing the hybrid embryos, it is concluded that the
medium 1 /2MS + 6-BA 4 mg·L^-1 + IBA 0.5 mg·L^-1 can increase the embryo germination rate up to
90% , the MS + 6-BA 1.0 mg·L^-1 + IBA 1.0 mg·L^-1 is the bestmedium for bud induction and multip li
cation, and the MS + IAA 0.5 mg·L^-1 + NAA 0.2 mg·L^-1 is the best rootingmedium. SSR identification
proves that the hybrids obtained by the embryo rescuing system are true ones.

Key words: Prunus persica L., Prunus salicina Lindl., Prunus armeniaca Lam., Interspecific hybridization, Embryo rescue, SSR